国防工业发展中的三方博弈分析

利用博弈论的方法对国防工业发展中已进入国防工业的企业群、待进入国防工业的企业群和政府的对策进行分析，并得出结论：政府首先要指导已进入国防工业的企业群合理定位；其次要考虑制定多大程度的保护政策来保护已进入国防工业企业的发展和利益；最后政府需要对军工企业的诉讼制定合理的支持标准，使已进入国防工业企业始终处于竞争环境良性发展.当然政府作出以上决策的主要依据是在保证本国安全的前提下使国防工业企业的利润实现最大化.     

Overexpression of StRbohA in Arabidopsis thaliana enhances defence responses against Verticillium dahliae

Plant NADPH oxidases are key regulators of plant–microbe interactions and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential to plant defences against pathogens. A significant part in the role played by ROS has been ascribed to plant respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs). In potato (Solanum tuberosum), where RBOHs were previously shown to be involved in wound-induced oxidative burst, we assessed their expression after inoculation with Verticillium dahliae Kleb. and showed that StRbohA was the only homolog to be differentially induced in potato in response to inoculation. In order to investigate the potential role of this gene in plant protection against wilt diseases, we used Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis to assess the effects of its overexpression on plant responses to V. dahliae. After inoculation with this pathogen, the transformed Arabidopsis line overexpressing StRbohA showed lower disease severity (percent damaged leaf area and vascular discoloration) as compared to the wild type. It also had higher ROS production and more cell death caused by hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), compared to the wild type. Suberization of root cells was also more pronounced in the line overexpressing StRbohA, and supports a possible role for StRBOHA in plant resistance to V. dahliae. Together, these findings indicate that overexpressed StRbohA in Arabidopsis enhances the ROS-mediated defence mechanisms against V. dahliae and can be a potential tool to improve plant resistance to this and other soilborne pathogens that cause wilts in economically important crops.     

玉林市2017年低温霜冻对马铃薯生产的影响分析

根据玉林市发展马铃薯的自然资源条件,分析2017年冬种马铃薯生长期玉林市温度、降水、日照时数及地面温度等气候要素变化,探讨该时期低温霜冻天气及对马铃薯的影响,提出发展冬种马铃薯防御霜冻危害的对策建议。     

活性氧物质在植物抗病中的作用

简述了活性氧的产生及清除。综述了活性氧在植物抗病中的作用,主要包括:直接杀死入侵病原菌,增强细胞壁的强度和氧化交联,诱导植保素合成、系统获得抗性、过敏性反应、细胞程序性死亡和防卫基因的表达,激活或与其他信号分子协同作用。总结了活性氧在植物体中的负作用。     

抗菌核病双低油菜新品种中双9号选育及其重要防御酶活性变化规律的研究

 中双 9号是采用复合杂交和小孢子培养技术选育的双低甘蓝型油菜新品种 ,具有高抗菌核病、高抗倒伏、丰产性突出、稳产性好、品质优良、适应性广等优点。 2 0 0 2年油菜中双 9号通过湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定。在 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 2年湖北省区域试验中该品种平均单产 2 4 82 .2kg·ha-1,比对照中油 82 1增产 15 .33%。中双 9号种子芥酸含量 0 .2 3% ,商品籽硫甙含量 2 2 .6 9μmol·g-1(饼 ) ,含油量 4 2 %。经大田自然侵染鉴定 ,中双 9号     

济宁市山洪灾害防治预警系统建设及预防措施

对山洪灾害防治预警系统进行了研究,提出了系统的体系结构和模块划分,系统介绍了山洪灾害防治预警平台的构想。该系统的应用能为各决策部门提供及时的灾情信息,帮助决策部门做出科学决策,减少灾害造成的各种损失。同时,提出了要加强雨水情信息预警系统的建设、完善信息发布程序,努力提高发布质量和加大宣传力度,普及防灾常识等防御措施,对济宁市山洪灾害预警和防治具有积极意义。     

超敏蛋白诱导水稻对立枯病的抗性

[目的]明确超敏蛋白对水稻立枯病的诱抗作用。[方法]以龙粳37水稻品种为试验材料,研究不同浓度超敏蛋白浸种处理对水稻生长发育的影响,测定超敏蛋白处理后水稻苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化物酶(POD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)含量变化。[结果]不同浓度超敏蛋白对水稻生长发育均有促进作用,且与对照相比不同浓度超敏蛋白处理水稻均不同程度地诱导了水稻防御酶PAL、POD和PPO活性,以稀释20倍的超敏蛋白诱导能力最强。[结论]研究结果为超敏蛋白抗病机理研究提供了理论依据。     

昆虫对病原真菌的防御机制研究进展

从昆虫的体壁防御、先天免疫、体温升高和免疫缺陷4个方面,阐述昆虫对真菌的防御机制及其自身的防御缺陷、病原真菌对昆虫识别的逃避对策的研究进展。     

海阳市灾害性天气特征及防御对策

应用海阳市近50年的气象观测资料和出现的气象灾害记录资料,分析了影响海阳市的干旱、暴雨、大风、热带气旋(台风)、冰雹、霜冻、寒潮、连阴雨等灾害性天气,指出了灾害性天气的特征,并提出了相应的防御对策。     

Pea extracellular Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase responsive to signal molecules from a fungal pathogen

We previously reported that the release of O₂ ⁻ from isolated pea cell walls was enhanced by a 70-kDa glycoprotein elicitor but was suppressed by mucin-type glycopeptide suppressors (supprescins A and B) prepared from pycnospore germination fluid of Mycosphaerella pinodes, causal agent of Mycosphaerella blight of pea. Here, we show that superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the apoplast fluid/cell wall of pea seedlings responds to the fungal elicitor and suppressor molecules. In a pharmacological study and with internal amino acid sequencing, the apoplastic SOD in a pea cultivar Midoriusui was found to be a Cu/Zn type SOD. We cloned a full-length cDNA of the Cu/Zn-SOD and designated it as PsCu/Zn-SOD1. An increase in PsCu/Zn-SOD1 mRNA and the PsCu/Zn-SOD1 protein was induced by treatment with the elicitor more intensively than by wounding. Such induction by the elicitor or wounding, however, was inhibited by the concomitant presence of supprescins. The SOD activity of recombinant PsCu/Zn-SOD1 was regulated directly by these signal molecules in a manner similar to their effect on the SOD activity in the apoplastic fluid and in the cell wall-bound proteins. Based on these findings, we discuss a role for PsCu/Zn-SOD1 in the pea defense response. The nucleotide sequence data of PsCu/Zn-SOD1 reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession number AB189165.