柚子苦味物质及其分析检测方法的概述

文章综合介绍了柚子中所含有的主要苦味物质的种类及分析检测方法的研究进展。简述了柚子中所含有的柚皮苷、橙皮苷及新橙皮苷等类黄酮化合物和柠檬苦素类似物的功能、性状、应用等,柚皮苷、橙皮苷及新橙皮苷等类黄酮化合物和柠檬苦素类似物在柚子不同部位和果汁中的含量。介绍了类黄酮化合物和柠檬苦素类似物的主要分析检测方法,介绍了液相色谱、气相色谱、质谱、核磁共振等色谱法在类黄酮化合物和柠檬苦素类似物的分析检测中的应用     

保护法合成Amadori化合物的研究进展

本文综合了国内外对Amadori化合物的合成方法，重点对保护法进行了综述，对于单氨基单羧基的氨基酸可采用保护还原糖的方法，对于一些多氨基或多羧基的氨基酸应采用保护氨基酸的方法。     

季铵盐类化合物(QAC)在木材防腐中的应用

主要综述了季铵盐类化合物(QAC)在用作木材防腐剂时的耐腐性、抗流失性及其与木材的结合机理等方面的研究概况,分析了实验室耐腐性和野外实验耐腐性结果不一致的原因。此外也介绍了对季铵盐进行改性处理方面的一些研究进展。     

QTL mapping of volatile compounds in ripe apples detected by proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry

The availability of genetic linkage maps enables the detection and analysis of QTLs contributing to quality traits of the genotype. Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS), a relatively novel spectrometric technique, has been applied to measure the headspace composition of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) emitted by apple fruit genotypes of the progeny ‘Fiesta’ × ‘Discovery’. Fruit samples were characterised by their PTR-MS spectra normalised to total area. QTL analysis for all PTR-MS peaks was carried out and 10 genomic regions associated with the peaks at m/z = 28, 43, 57, 61, 103, 115 and 145 were identified (LOD > 2.5). We show that it is possible to find quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to PTR-MS characterisation of the headspace composition of single whole apple fruits indicating the presence of a link between molecular characterisation and PTR-MS data. We provide tentative information on the metabolites related to the detected QTLs based on available chemical information. A relation between apple skin colour and peaks related to carbonyl compounds was established. The two authors contributed equally to this work.     

环境内分泌干扰物的处理研究进展

对环境内分泌干扰物（EDCs）的危害、分类及其检测分别作出简述,着重讨论目前国内外对EDCs处理的新方法,从生化处理法和物化处理法2大分类方法来论述其研究进展,同时提出去除EDCs存在的问题和处理研究方向。     

络石内生真菌Myrothecium roridum(IFB-E009)次生代谢产物的研究

该试验从络石(Trachelospermum jasminoides)内生的露湿漆斑菌属真菌Myrothecium roridum(IFB-E009)液体发酵产物中分离并鉴定了8个化合物,其中化合物1～4为单端孢霉烯类化合物,5～6为酰胺类化合物,7为环二肽化合物,8为尿嘧啶。活性测试表明,化合物1、4有细胞毒活性,对SW1116(人结肠癌细胞株)具有抑制作用,IC50分别为25.68和38.93μmol/L,而对照药阿霉素的IC50为5.31μmol/L。该研究可为开发利用药用植物内生菌提供理论和实践依据。     

4个桂花品种鲜花挥发物成分TDS-GC-MS分析

采用动态顶空气体循环采集法和TDS - GC - MS联用技术对金桂(Osmanthus fragrans var.thunbergii)、银桂(O.fragrans var.latifolius)、丹桂(O.fragrans var.aurantiacus)和四季桂(D.fragrans var.semperflorens)4个品种的鲜花挥发物(VOCs)成分进行分析.结果表明:金桂VOCs中主要成分为(Z)-β-罗勒烯(相对含量20.6％)、β-紫罗兰酮(13.8％)、β-蒎烯(11.0％)和柠檬烯(7.3％);银桂主要为B-紫罗兰酮(39.7％)、γ-癸内酯(8.9％)、α-紫罗兰酮(8.6％)和(Z)-乙酸-3-已烯酯(6.9％);丹桂主要为β-蒎烯(17.2％)、柠檬烯(11.2％)、(Z)-β-罗勒烯(8.2％)和(E)-B-罗勒烯(6.1％);四季桂主要为β-紫罗兰酮(15.7％)、α-紫罗兰酮(8.2％)、β-蒎烯(7.2％)和(Z)-β-罗勒烯(6.7％).不同桂花品种鲜花VOCs的成分及其相对含量不同.研究结果将为桂花品种资源保护、开发及园林配置提供一定的理论依据.     

磨盘柿叶片、果实及萼片中酚类物质的动态变化初报

磨盘柿(DiospyroskakiL.f.cv.Mopan),是中国北方主要栽培的涩柿品种。在此,对其叶片、果实及萼片中的酚类物质含量在多个发育时期进行了测定,结果表明:在生长期内,柿萼片中的酚类物质含量呈上升趋势,与果实酚类物质含量变化规律完全不同;叶片的酚类物质含量均高于果肉的酚类物质含量;结果梢叶片与营养梢叶片酚类物质的含量变化不同,8月下旬以前,结果梢叶片的值大于营养梢叶片的,8月下旬以后,前者又小于后者。     

Characterization of antioxidant compounds in Eriobotrya fragrans Champ leaf

Both loquat (Eriobotrya fragrans Champ) fruits and leaves are often used as important ingredients in Chinese herbal formulations for medicinal treatments against cough and asthma, but little information is available about the inherent bioactive chemicals. In this study, 11 major compounds were identified from the acetic ether extract of leaves of the fragrance flower loquat. These chemicals are (1) 2α,19α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-urs-12-en-28-oic acid, (2) 2α-hydroxyursolic acid, (3) ursolic acid, (4) 2α-hydroxyoleanolic acid, (5) tormentic acid, (6) β-daucosterol, (7) epicatechin, (8) cinchonain Ia (9), cinchonain Ib, (10) quercetin-3-O-α-l-rhamnoside and (11) arbutin. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activities of these compounds were evaluated by the DPPH and FRAP assays. Cinchonain Ib exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, followed by cinchonain Ia, epicatechin, quercetin-3-O-α-l-rhamnoside and arbutin.     

英语隐转喻型N＋N复合词语义构建的认知规则性

英语隐转喻型N＋N复合词的语义构建不是随机的,是遵循一定的认知规律的.根据Benczes提出的概念隐喻和转喻作用于英语N＋N复合名词的方式,运用概念隐喻理论、概念转喻和理想认知模型理论以及概念整合理论系统分析这类复合词语义构建的认知规则性.