新型蕨麻佐餐藏羊肉酱配方研究

以藏羊肉和蕨麻为主要原料进行新型复合型蕨麻佐餐藏羊肉酱的制作,在单因素试验基础上采用感官品评和正交试验分析,对复合酱配比、植物油添加量、藏羊肉添加量、蕨麻添加量以及复合酱添加量5个因素进行正交试验,依据感官评分表进行感官品评,确定蕨麻佐餐藏羊肉酱加工的最佳配方。结果表明,对蕨麻佐餐藏羊肉酱品质影响的因素依次为复合酱配比>复合酱添加量>植物油添加量>蕨麻添加量>藏羊肉添加量;并确定最终配方为植物油20.7%、羊肉17.2%、蕨麻3.4%、辣椒酱13.8%、甜面酱5.2%、花生酱5.2%、牛肉精膏0.3%、葱沫8.6%、蒜沫8.6%、盐1.0%、鸡精2.0%、味精1.7%、白糖3.1%、生姜粉0.3%、海天酱油3.1%、白芝麻1%、瓜子仁1%、辣椒粉3.4%。     

The effects of density and artificial substrate on intensive shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei nursery production

Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) can be installed indoors, allowing year-round production of tropical animals in nearly any climate. A nursery phase is commonly used in Litopenaeus vannamei production since it allows for enhanced biosecurity and better quantification of animals while reducing space requirements. However, it is unclear whether animal density and inclusion of artificial substrate may improve shrimp performance during the nursery phase. In this experiment, we compared shrimp production parameters in two stocking densities with or without the use of an artificial substrate by creating four treatments: low-density LD; 1500 PL/m⁻³, low-density with substrate LDS, high-density HD; 3000 PL/m⁻³), and high-density with substrate (HDS). The LDS and HDS treatments included 0.46-m² of high-density polyethylene 2.5-cm mesh as a substrate, which increased the tank surface area by 21 %. Each treatment was randomly assigned to four 160-l culture tanks, each with a biofilter. The shrimp had an initial weight of 4 mg and were grown for 50 days. The low-density treatments had significantly higher dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH than the high-density treatments (P ≤ 0.001). Specifically, LDS had the highest DO and pH followed by the LD, HD, and HDS treatments, respectively. High-density treatments had significantly higher NO₂-N levels than low-density treatments during week 2 of the experiment when an unusually high concentration of nitrite was observed. FCR was significantly lower in both low-density treatments than in high-density treatments. At harvest, the total biomass (kg m⁻³) was significantly higher in high-density treatments than in low-density treatments (P ≤ 0.001), and the HDS treatment had a significantly greater biomass output than HD. Producers should consider artificial substrate and higher densities during nursery production to maximize shrimp production; however, the effects on water quality should also be taken into account.     

谈复合型网络信息咨询人才的培养

本文就网络信息咨询的定义，分析了网络信息咨询需要复合型人才的原因，并着重对复合型网络信息咨询人才的素质要求及复合型网络信息咨询人才的培养进行了探讨。     

The rates of maize growth and lignin biosynthesis change after root-applied chalcone

The effects of root-applied chalcone at 0.15 mmol L⁻¹ on the growth and lignin biosynthesis in maize were investigated. The contents of 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL, EC 6.2.1.12) substrates in maize shoots were increased more rapidly in the samples with chalcone application than in the control and the increase occurred at ≤ 3 h after the application (HAA). The lignin content was reduced by chalcone at ≤ 6 HAA. The shoot growth was suppressed by chalcone at ≤ 9 HAA. Consequently, the results suggest that chalcone suppressed maize growth by inhibiting monolignol biosynthesis.     

食用菌复合保水颗粒菌种生产工艺及其应用研究

运用微生物发酵技术，配合新型合成材料，研制出食用菌复合保水颗粒菌种。这类菌种可保持活力60d。这一工艺可用于糙皮侧耳、金针菇、灵芝、白灵菇、杏鲍菇、鸡腿蘑和鲍鱼菇等多种食用菌苗种的制作。栽培试验证明，此类菌种的菌丝生长速度、现蕾时间、生物学效率与常用的棉籽壳菌种相似。     

有机生态栽培基质配比对生菜生长及品质的影响

以传统基质草炭、蛭石及腐熟羊粪和玉米秸秆为原料,配制成12种不同配比的栽培基质,以商品叶菜类栽培基质作为对照,研究不同基质配方对生菜生长的影响,以期获得最适合生菜栽培的基质配比组合。结果表明,不同组合基质配比均能满足生菜的正常生长,所有处理的株高、叶面积、单株鲜重和单株干重都较对照组(CK)有着不同程度提高,其中T11(草炭∶腐熟羊粪∶玉米秸秆∶蛭石=1∶4∶3∶4)条件下各指标表现最好,分别较CK提高了31.80%、47.15%、59.43%和79.53%;从生理生化指标来看,T11处理的Vc含量最高,是CK的2.5倍;T10(草炭∶腐熟羊粪∶玉米秸秆∶蛭石=3∶1∶4∶4)的根系活力是所有处理中最高的,达到CK的2.02倍;T12(草炭∶腐熟羊粪∶玉米秸秆∶蛭石=3∶4∶1∶4)处理的叶绿素含量最高,是CK的1.41倍,硝酸盐含量最低,较CK降幅达到74.59%。通过隶属函数进行综合比较分析,我们认为T11是所有供试处理中最适合生菜栽培的基质配比。     

东北“三大硬阔”叶片和叶轴质量分配比较

以3个树种健康复叶为试材,研究了叶内光合构件和支撑构件的生物量投资的种内种间变化规律。结果表明:水曲柳、胡桃楸和黄檗叶轴质量占复叶质量的比例分别为0.18、0.26和0.17,胡桃楸显著大于其它2个树种。跨物种尺度上,复叶大的树种需要更多的叶内支撑结构投资。但物种水平上,水曲柳叶片投资随叶增大而增大,胡桃楸则降低,黄檗基本稳定,表现出与跨物种水平上的叶片投资随叶增大而降低的普遍规律不同。今后需要加深物种水平上叶内生物量分配的异速生长的了解。     

6种大孔树脂对复方免疫增强剂多糖的吸附解吸性能

筛选出对中药复方免疫增强剂多糖具有较好的吸附解吸效果的大孔树脂。通过静态吸附及解吸试验、动态吸附及解吸试验，利用苯酚 硫酸法跟踪检测多糖质量浓度，以吸附率与解吸率为评价指标，初步研究AB 8、LSA 5B、DM 18、CAD 40、LX 1、D941型大孔树脂对中药复方免疫增强剂中多糖的吸附及解吸性能。结果表明，在6种大孔树脂中， AB 8对中药复方免疫增强剂多糖的动态吸附率和解吸率最高，分别为54%和90%。说明AB 8型大孔树脂可以作为分离纯化多糖的材料。     

复方肿节风雾化剂抗炎作用研究

[目的]从抗炎方面探讨贵阳中医二附院院内制剂“复方肿节风雾化剂”在对咽炎治疗上的作用机制.[方法]采用小鼠耳二甲苯致炎法、角叉莱胶所致炎症肿胀度等法制作炎症模型观察其抗炎作用;而体外抑菌实验则用其对致咽炎的5种常见病菌的抑菌作用进行评价;同时抽取使用不同剂量复方肿节风雾化剂的咽炎试验组及空白组大鼠的血液通过分析,观察血常规的变化及其白细胞介素-1 (IL-1)的水平.[结果]复方肿节风雾化剂高、中、低3个不同浓度均能减轻在二甲苯所诱发的小鼠耳肿胀、角叉莱胶所致大鼠足趾肿胀的炎症肿胀度,但抗炎作用随着浓度的降低而降低.在体外试验中,复方肿节风雾化剂对肺炎链球菌、溶血链球菌、白喉杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及伤寒杆菌的最低抑菌浓度分别是76、105、38、65、30 mg/ml.复方肿节风雾化剂降低了咽炎模型大鼠血浆中的白细胞数、中性白细胞和淋巴细胞含量;阳性对照组及复方肿节风雾化剂高、中、低3个不同浓度组IL-1水平均低于空白对照组.[结论]复方肿节风雾化剂可能通过抗炎、抑菌、降低IL-1水平,达到治疗咽炎的作用.该研究为复方肿节风雾化剂的临床应用奠定基础.