建筑物的机械排烟

本文作者从实际经验出发,详细阐述了建筑物的机械排烟原理及设计施工,管理中的各项注意事项。     

棚菌灵烟剂的研究

筛选出适合配制烟剂的高效药剂,用低成本的供热剂,采用简便、安全的干制法配成复方棚菌灵烟剂,可防治温室、塑料大棚黄瓜、番茄的多种病害,具有高效、经济、低毒、对蔬菜污染小、便于推广应用等特点．     

Effects of smoke,ash and heat shock on seed germination of seven species from Central Zagros rangelands in the semi-arid region of Iran

Fire products have been widely identified as germination cues for a number of species from both fire-prone and fire-free ecosystems. However, there is uncertainty about the effects of fire products on seed germination of semi-arid rangeland species. We examined the germination of seven dominant species from Central Zagros rangelands in the semi-arid region of Iran under various heat shock (60, 80 and 120 °C), aerosol smoke, ash and control treatments. Our findings showed that fire products could enhance, inhibit or not affect the seed germination of rangeland species in this area. The germination percentage of Astragalus adscendens increased following 60 °C heat treatment in comparison with the control. The germination of Astragalus verus, Bromus tectorum, B. tomentellus and Phlomis olivieri were increased significantly using smoke treatment (P<0.0001). The seed germination of B. tomentellus and B. tectorum was promoted by ash treatment, whereas the other species exhibited no response or were inhibited by fire products. In addition, smoke treatment shortened the overall germination time of B. tectorum. These findings suggest that fire products affect the germination of several species and can serve as potential tools for understanding the vegetation dynamics and restoration of disturbed semi-arid rangelands.     

电控喷油对降低双燃料内燃机烟度排放的试验研究

介绍了电控LPG-柴油双燃料内燃机供给系统的设计,柴油分别采用机械泵和电磁铁执行器供给,LPG采用电控顺序喷射方式供给。同时对控制系统进行了硬件和软件设计,对软件的功能进行详细的说明,最后对双燃料内燃机进行标定试验,论证了柴油的电控喷射对降低烟度排放的影响。     

375型柴油机燃油系优化匹配的实验研究

在375型柴油机减烟试验中，应用正交设计试验找出最显著影响因素，采用旋转回归设计试验建立了综合性能随喷油嘴启喷压力及供油提前角而变化的关系，通过燃油系优化匹配，达到了较好的减烟节油效果。     

柴油机应用不同配比生物柴油的经济性和排放特性

生物柴油经济性能和排放特性的试验对研究生物柴油的适用性具有重要意义。该文采用柴油机台架试验,测量了4种不同配比的生物柴油混合燃料的经济性和排放特性。试验结果表明：在不作任何调整的情况下,生物柴油及与石化柴油的混合燃料可以直接应用于柴油机,随着生物柴油掺混比例的增加,柴油机的烟度、碳氢化合物HC和一氧化碳CO有较大幅度的下降,改善了柴油机的排放特性。采用生物柴油掺混比例为10%或20%时,可在柴油机经济性能改变较小情况下,改变柴油机的排放状态并减少污染物排放。     

Cigarette dust particles induced lung function injury of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in mice

AIM: To investigate the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive disease (COPD) in mice by using nasal drip of cigarette dust particles (DSP) induced pulmonary function damage model.METHODS: BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, LPS 100 mg/L group, DSP 0.75 mL/L group, DSP 1.5 mL/L group and DSP 3 mL/L group for 30 days. The method of nasal drip was used for 30 days to establish the COPD model. Rrs, Ers, Crs, Est, Cst, P-3/8Rn, P-3/8G and P-3/8H were measured for evaluating lung function of the mice in each group by the method of FlexiVent. The effect on the increase of airway resistance induced by methacholine (Mach) was determined using main bronchial rings by Myograph method. The HE, Masson and Resorcinol fuchsin staining of mouse tracheas and lung tissues were conducted. RESULTS: Continuous nasal drip with DSP for 30 days increased Rrs, Ers, Est, P-3/8Rn and decreased Crs, Cst, P-3/8G and P-3/8H in the mice. DSP significantly shifted the dose-effect curve of tracheal contraction induced by Mach to the left, increased the sensitivity of the airway to Mach, and significantly increased the maximal contractile airway effect of Mach. Exposure to DSP caused fibrosis of airway subepithelial, deposition of collagen in the airway basement membrane under the reticular plate, induced reticular plate thickening, pulmonary bronchial lumen serious deformation, and the inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung of mice. Significantly increased alveolar wall muscle fibers and collagen fibers were also observed. CONCLUSION: The lung function and pathomorphological changes of COPD mice induced by 30 days nasal drip of cigarette dust particles were similar to those of human COPD.     

烤烟主要化学成分与烟叶品质关系研究进展

介绍了烟草的研究现状及烤烟主要化学成分与烟叶的外观质量、物理特性、评吸质量、烟气与焦油的关系.     

蚕用薰烟消毒剂"薰消灵"的研究

环境消毒是控制家蚕传染性蚕病的有效手段。薰烟消毒剂“薰消灵”为新一代氯醛复合消毒剂,对感染家蚕的病毒、细菌和真菌性病原体均有强烈的杀灭作用,且对家蚕生长发育及茧质无不良影响,是一种高效、广谱、使用方便、价格低廉的理想蚕用消毒剂。     

不同产地烤烟烟气有害成分的检测与分析

对河南不同产地,云南红河和津巴布韦国的烤烟单料烟中的焦油,烟气烟碱,ＣＯ等有害成分的播放量进行了检测和分析比较,并对烟叶化学成分中的还原糖,烟碱,Ｋ２Ｏ,Ｃｌ＾－,ＳＯ＾２－４及有效钾进行分析。