群体调控对夏玉米抗倒伏性状指标的影响

以创玉198为试验材料,研究群体调控对夏玉米(Zea mays L.)抗倒伏性状指标的影响。结果表明,随着群体密度的增加,玉米倒伏率、株高、穗位高、穗位系数均逐渐升高;基部茎节间长增加,茎粗、茎粗系数降低;茎秆穿刺强度、单株茎秆干物重逐渐增加,茎秆抗折力先增加后降低;田间倒伏率增加,茎秆抗倒伏能力下降。得出创玉198玉米品种合理群体密度为6.00万~6.75万株/hm2,此群体结构有利于提高抗倒伏能力。     

播期对豫麦49-198群体质量和产量性状的影响

为了给生产上大面积推广豫麦49-198提供适宜播期,以豫麦49-198为材料研究了不同播期对群体质量及产量的影响。结果表明,最高群体总茎数随播期推迟而下降,早播的最终成穗数较少;最大叶面积指数随播期推迟而降低,孕穗后早播的叶面积指数衰减快;就花后干物质积累而言,以适播的最多,晚播次之,早播最少。不同播期间籽粒产量呈现出适播>晚播>早播,且不同播期的产量差异达显著水平;适播的穗粒数与千粒重较其它播期的有所下降。在基本苗195万/hm2情况下,河南中部地区豫麦49-198的适宜播期是10月12日,此期播种有利于创建合理的群体结构、实现高产。     

高产简化抗虫棉新品种沧198的选育研究

针对抗虫棉常规株型精细整枝、早衰严重,且整枝繁、工序多、劳动效率低的问题,依据叶枝的生育特点,创新了扩行缩株、非化控、叶枝早摘心、1株多茎育种新技术;采用多亲本杂交、病圃连续选择、株型定向培育方法,育成简化高产抗虫棉新品种沧198。该品种在河北省区域试验中,采用常规株型种植,籽棉增产10．8％～15,8％;采用多茎栽培,节省整枝用工70％,籽棉产量达3871．7～4900．5kg／hm^2,增产12．4％～22．3％,且纤维品质优良,抗逆性增强。确定的配套栽培技术简便易行,可操作性强。     

Resistance of Corynespora cassiicola from soybean to QoI and MBC fungicides in Brazil

Fungicide sprays on soybean in Brazil have contributed to the selection of less sensitive isolates of Corynespora cassiicola. We collected 59 isolates of C. cassiicola from three Brazilian states and two isolates from Paraguay. We investigated their EC₅₀ to quinone outside inhibitors (QoI) and methyl benzimidazole carbamate (MBC), any cross-resistance to compounds within QoI and MBC groups, and characterized the polymorphisms in their cytb and β-tubulin genes. Local associations of polymorphisms identified in each gene were statistically correlated with assays results. In total, 79% and 74% of the isolates were classified as resistant to QoI and MBC fungicides, respectively. There was positive cross-resistance to active ingredients within QoI and MBC groups. For QoI, all isolates presented heteroplasmy in G143A of cytb gene; the mutations F129L and G137R were not found. For MBC, 63% of isolates possessed E198A and 21% possessed F200Y mutations, associated with reduced control by MBC fungicides. Heteroplasmy was identified in two and one isolates from Brazil with E198A and F200Y mutations, respectively. The resistance factor for isolates with E198A (10.9) was statistically similar to the isolate with F200Y (8.8) mutation. Genic association analysis of the in vitro assays using discriminatory doses proved them to be accurate. Reduced sensitivity of C. cassiicola to QoI and MBC was also identified in isolates from Paraguay and resistance to QoI and MBC was widely present in C. cassiicola isolates from the main soybean-producing states in Brazil. Thus, integrated management measures should be adopted to manage soybean target spot in these countries.     

Radioactive gold-198 seeds for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma in the eyelid of a cat

A 19-year-old, speyed, domestic short-hair cat was presented with an eyelid tumour of 3 months duration. Ophthalmic examination revealed a large, raised, ulcerated and bleeding mass affecting the left lower eyelid. The mass was 12 mm x 10 mm in size, extended to the medial canthus and had eroded 10 mm of eyelid margin. Mandibular lymph nodes were not palpably enlarged. A diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma was confirmed by histologic examination. Due to involvement of more than half the lower eyelid, it was decided that treatment with radioactive gold-198 seeds was appropriate. Nine radioactive gold-198 seeds were implanted, delivering a minimum tumour dose of 65 Gy. Three weeks postoperatively the mass had resolved, with only a small scab remaining. After a further 3 weeks, there was no evidence of the eyelid tumour. Although approximately 7 mm of eyelid margin was absent, this did not cause any clinical signs other than mild conjunctivitis. There was no evidence of the tumour 10 months postoperatively, when the cat was euthanased for unrelated disease.     

CXJZ95-198菌株β-甘露聚糖酶的纯化条件研究

研究通过超滤、硫酸铵沉淀、丙酮沉淀及凝胶层析等纯化步骤,将CXJZ95-198菌株所分泌的β-甘露聚糖酶进行了纯化,其纯化倍数为12.05,收率为33.50;.通过SDS-聚丙烯酰胺电泳得到单一条带蛋白,分子量为52.29 kD.     

点苍山鹅膏菌属真菌资源

报道了点苍山鹅膏菌属（Amanita）真菌14种，其中有毒鹅膏9种，可食鹅膏5种，并讨论了其生态特征。     

杂交晚稻威优198单产9.0t／hm^2栽培技术探讨

：１９９６～１９９７年在国家水稻工程醴陵基点，对杂交晚稻新组合威优１９８进行了连晚高产栽培技术和有关生理生态研究，创造了２ａ产量平均８．８ｔ／ｈｍ２的７．２ｈｍ２高产样方和９．５ｔ／ｈｍ２的高产丘。分析了威优１９８高产的主要原因，提出了大面积单产９．０ｔ／ｈｍ２的高产栽培技术要点。     

Fungicide resistance in Cercospora species causing cercospora leaf blight and purple seed stain of soybean in Argentina

Cercospora species cause cercospora leaf blight (CLB) and purple seed stain (PSS) on soybean. Because there are few resistant soybean varieties available, CLB/PSS management relies heavily upon fungicide applications. Sensitivity of 62 Argentinian Cercospora isolates to demethylation inhibitor (DMI), methyl benzimidazole carbamate (MBC), quinone outside inhibitor (QoI), succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides, and mancozeb was determined in this study. All isolates were sensitive to difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and cyproconazole (EC₅₀ values ranged from 0.006 to 2.4 µg/ml). In contrast, 51% of the tested isolates were sensitive (EC₅₀ values ranged from 0.003 to 0.2 µg/ml), and 49% were highly resistant (EC₅₀ > 100 µg/ml) to carbendazim. Interestingly, all isolates were completely resistant to azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, and pyraclostrobin, and insensitive to boscalid, fluxapyroxad, and pydiflumetofen (EC₅₀ > 100 µg/ml). The G143A mutation was detected in 82% (53) of the QoI-resistant isolates and the E198A mutation in 97% (31) of the carbendazim-resistant isolates. No apparent resistance mutations were detected in the succinate dehydrogenase genes (subunits sdhB, sdhC, and sdhD). Mancozeb completely inhibited mycelial growth of the isolates evaluated at a concentration of 100 µg/ml. All Argentinian Cercospora isolates were sensitive to the DMI fungicides tested, but we report for the first time resistance to QoI and MBC fungicides. Mechanism(s) other than fungicide target-site modification may be responsible for resistance of Cercospora to QoI and MBC fungicides. Moreover, based on our results and on the recent introduction of SDHI fungicides on soybean in Argentina, Cercospora species causing CLB/PSS are insensitive (naturally resistant) to SDHI fungicides. Insensitivity must be confirmed under field conditions.     

沧趣楼藏书始末与特色

陈宝琛藏书甲于闽中,在福建近代藏书史占有重要的席位。《闽县螺洲陈氏赐书楼书目》及金云銘的《本校陈氏书库福建人集部著述解题》、《福建协和大学陈氏书库所藏清代禁书述略》是其藏书特色的集中体现,本文以此为基础,探析陈氏沧趣楼藏书始末与特色。