矮壮素对高羊茅生长特性影响的研究

试验采用0.8,1.0,1.2 mg/g 3种浓度的矮壮素(CCC)对草坪草高羊茅Festuca arundinacea进行处理,结果表明:3种浓度的矮壮素对高羊茅生长均产生不同程度的影响,其中 0.8 mg/g矮壮素处理使高羊茅株高、修剪量明显降低.综合考虑药效及成本,建议在实际生产中应用0.8 mg/g的矮壮素浓度.     

人工培育牛黄对小白鼠离体小肠运动的解痉作用

本文证明培育牛黄对乙酰胆硷与氯化钡所引起的小白鼠离体小肠痉挛有解痉作用。培育牛黄的成份中去氧胆酸具有较强的抗乙酰胆硷与氯化钡作用,其浓度与效应呈直线相关。其成分中的胆酸仅有较弱的抗乙酰胆硷作用,且浓度与效应不呈直线相关,也无抗氯化钡作用。     

白菜镉积累基因型差异研究

 采用87 个白菜品种, 于春夏和秋冬两生长季节在镉(Cd) 污染土壤中进行植株地上部Cd 积累差异研究。结果表明, 不同品种间镉含量存在极显著差异, 且春夏季高于秋冬季。     

不同镉水平对白菜生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响

 不同镉(cd)水平对白菜[Brassica campestris L．ssp．chinensis (L．)Makino]两个品种生长及抗氧化酶活性研究结果表明：cd 1 mg·L^-1 对两品种生长(除‘杭州油冬儿’地上部干质量)及叶绿素 含量无显著影响，cd 10 mg·L^-1显著抑制植株生长(除‘沪青1号’根干质量)，减少叶绿素含量。cd可诱导叶片中活性氧0₂^-. 、H₂O₂的产生，引起膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)的累积。Cd 1 mg’L 显著增加‘沪青1号’过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)及‘杭州油冬儿’抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APx) 活性。cd 10 mg·L 显著降低两品种叶片超氧化物歧化酶( SOD ) 、CAT、APX及‘沪青1号’POD活性， 显著增加脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DR)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性。     

镉(Cd)对姬松茸菌丝生长的影响

以姬松茸子实体镉含量有差异的姬松茸菌株为材料，试图通过分析比较高低镉品种对镉的敏感度差异．找出镉影响菌丝生长的特征和规律，建立一种简便、有效的低镉筛选模式。实验结果表明：镉对姬松茸菌丝的影响具有一定的规律性，镉浓度为0～1mg／L，镉对姬松茸菌丝表现出刺激与毒害的双重作用，≥2．0mg／L时，对姬松茸菌丝表现出明显的毒害作用，0～16mg／L时．镉浓度与菌丝生长速度的关系适于以Cubic回归曲线描述；不同菌株对镉的敏感性有差异，但差异无显著性特征，不足以作为区分高低镉品种的有效指标。     

土壤交换性铝的三种测定方法比较

为了准确高效地检测土壤交换性铝含量,探寻适宜的检测方法。比较分析了氯化钾交换-中和滴定法、铝试剂法和羊毛铬花青R比色法所测交换性铝的差异性、精密度、准确性和适用性。结果表明,3种方法所测交换性铝无显著性差异。但羊毛铬花青R比色法的精密度优于氯化钾交换-中和滴定法和铝试剂法,羊毛铬花青R比色法平均回收率达99.28%,准确性高于另2种方法。羊毛铬花青R比色法的线性范围在0~0.32 mg/L,对应吸光值范围在0~0.778;铝试剂法的线性范围在0~0.8 mg/L,对应吸光值范围在0.006~0.157;与铝试剂法相比,羊毛铬花青R比色法的线性范围小于铝试剂法,但其吸光值范围大于铝试剂法。羊毛铬花青R比色法显色剂与显色物质吸收峰间隔较远,测定背景干扰小,方法灵敏度较高。羊毛铬花青R比色法检测单个样品的平均用时为4.2 min,检测效率高于另2种方法,且操作简捷,适用性较高。因此,推荐羊毛铬花青R比色法为土壤交换性铝的测定方法。     

饲粮铜源及水平对育成期雄性水貂生长性能、营养物质表观消化率及氮、铜代谢的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮铜源及水平对育成期雄性水貂生长性能、营养物质表观消化率及氮、铜代谢的影响。采用3×3+1双因素试验设计,设3种铜源(硫酸铜、碱式氯化铜、蛋氨酸铜)和3个铜添加水平(10、25、40 mg/kg),1个对照组。选择60日龄健康、体重接近的美国短毛黑雄性水貂120只,随机分成10组,每组12个重复,每个重复1只貂。预试期7 d,正试期45 d。结果表明:1)水貂的平均日采食量随饲粮铜添加水平的增加呈极显著线性增加(P0.01),并且平均日增重随饲粮铜添加水平的增加也呈线性增加(P=0.053)。2)水貂的粗脂肪表观消化率随饲粮铜添加水平的增加呈极显著线性增加(P0.01),并且粗蛋白质表观消化率随饲粮铜添加水平的增加也呈显著线性增加(P0.05)。3)水貂铜摄入量、粪铜排泄量、尿铜排泄量以及铜沉积量均随饲粮铜添加水平的增加呈极显著线性增加(P0.01),然而铜的表观吸收率却随饲粮铜添加水平的增加呈极显著线性降低(P0.01)。水貂对碱式氯化铜和蛋氨酸铜的表观吸收率极显著高于对硫酸铜的表观吸收率(P0.01)。水貂氮沉积量随饲粮铜添加水平的增加而呈显著线性增加(P0.05)。由此可见,基础饲粮中铜含量为8.05 mg/kg时,饲粮添加40 mg/kg的铜能改善育成期雄性水貂生长性能,提高水貂粗脂肪表观消化率;育成期雄性水貂对碱式氯化铜和蛋氨酸铜的表观吸收率高于对硫酸铜的表观吸收率。     

混栽水生植物对稻田土壤和稻米镉含量的影响

[目的]研究稻田混栽水生植物对土壤和糙米镉含量的影响。[方法]以早稻和黑藻、水葱、菖蒲等3种水生植物为试验材料,研究了稻田混栽水生植物后对土壤和糙米镉含量的影响。[结果]混栽3种水生植物后,其土壤的全镉和有效镉含量与对照比较,均没有显著差异,但稻田混栽黑藻的土壤全镉含量显著高于混栽水葱和菖蒲;混栽黑藻和水葱后,糙米镉含量显著高于对照,混栽菖蒲的糙米镉含量与对照没有显著差异。[结论]该研究为探索稻田植物降镉技术的有效途径提供了参考。     

Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Reproductive Function of Male Mice with Cadmium Poisoning

The study was aimed to explore the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the reproductive function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.40 healthy clean grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (H₂O),cadmium chloride group (2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),sulforaphane group (10 mg/kg SFN),sulforaphane + cadmium chloride group (10 mg/kg SFN+2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),and continuous administration for 10 d,all mice were executed by dislocated cervical vertebra at 2 d after the last administration,and then the pathologic changes of testicular tissues,organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis,sperm quality and concentration of testosterone were tested.Additionally,the contents of GSH and MDA,and the activities of T-SOD in testis were also detected at the same time. Compared with the control group,pathology damages were observed in cadmium chloride group,organ coefficient of testis and epididymis,sperm quality and levels of testosterone extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the activities of T-SOD and GSH content were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly enhanced (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the activity of T-SOD and concentration of GSH in sulforaphane group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of MDA was not significant different between the control group and sulforaphane group (P>0.05).While compared with the cadmium chloride group,the sperm motility rate and sperm total count in sulforaphane and cadmium chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),the organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis was increased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of GSH and activity of T-SOD in testicular tissue were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The results indicated that sulforaphane had the protection effect on reproduction function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.