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1.
D. Bilalis P. Efthimiadis & G. Karagiannis 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2001,187(2):121-126
The effect of three herbicides, diclofop-methyl (DM), imazamethabenz-methyl (IM) and fenoxaprop-ethyl (FE), was investigated at the recommended rate (×) and double the recommended rate (2×) in a durum wheat crop. FE had the smallest effect on root system characteristics, while IM had the greatest effect. For all herbicides, the double rate treatment gave a greater statistical reduction than the single rate for root system characteristics. FE had the smallest effect on the activity of aerobic microorganisms, while DM gave the greatest reduction, 10 days after application, and all three herbicides reduced earthworm abundance. DM gave the smallest reduction in the number of tillers and in plant height, while the double rate of IM gave the greatest reduction. For all three herbicides, double the recommended rate resulted in a significant reduction in the weight of 1000 seeds, while no statistically significant deviations were noted at the recommended rate. Finally, the use of all three herbicides resulted in significantly lower statistical yields compared to the sample (control plot), although there were no significant statistical differences among them, for either recommended or double recommended rates. 相似文献
2.
J. Müller 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1993,171(4):217-235
Dry Matter Production, CO2 Exchange, Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Content of Winter Wheat at Elevated CO2 Concentration and Drought Stress
Methods of mathematical modelling and simulation are being used to an increasing degree in estimating the effects of rising atmospheric CO2 concentration and changing climatic conditions on agricultural ecosystems. In this context, detailed knowledge is required about the possible effects on crop growth and physiological processes. To this aim, the influence of an elevated CO2 concentration and of drought stress on dry matter production, CO2 exchange, and on carbohydrate and nitrogen content was studied in two winter wheat varieties from shooting to milk ripeness. Elevated CO2 concentration leads to a compensation of drought stress and at optimal water supply to an increase of vegetative dry matter and of yield to the fourfold value. This effects were caused by enhanced growth of secondary tillers which were reduced in plants cultivated at atmospheric CO2 concentration. Analogous effects in the development of ear organs were influenced additionally by competitive interactions between the developing organs. The content and the mass of ethanol soluble carbohydrates in leaves and stems were increased after the CO2 treatment and exhausted more completely during the grain filling period after drought stress. Plants cultivated from shooting to milk ripeness at elevated CO2 concentration showed a reduced response of net photosynthesis rate to increasing CO2 concentration by comparison with untreated plants. The rate of dark respiration was increased in this plants. 相似文献
Methods of mathematical modelling and simulation are being used to an increasing degree in estimating the effects of rising atmospheric CO
3.
以苯—乙醇为夹带剂,研究超临界CO2流体不同处理压力、温度、时间对福建产杉木、马尾松、檫木木材渗透性的影响。结果表明,在35 MPa内,处理压力的增大有利于3种木材渗透性的提高;杉木在处理温度为40℃时,渗透性的变化率达到最大,为493%,马尾松和檫木在处理温度为45℃时,渗透性的变化率达到最大,分别为479%和349%;较佳的处理时间为30 min。 相似文献
4.
Summary Stem thickness of the weed Solanum nigrum and the crop sugarbeet was determined with a He–Ne laser using a novel non‐destructive technique measuring stem shadow. Thereafter, the stems were cut close to the soil surface with a CO2 laser. Treatments were carried out on pot plants, grown in the greenhouse, at two different growth stages, and plant dry matter was measured 2–5 weeks after treatment. The relationship between plant dry weight and laser energy was analysed using two different non‐linear dose–response regression models; one model included stem thickness as a variable, the other did not. A binary model was also tested. The non‐linear model incorporating stem thickness described the data best, indicating that it would be possible to optimize laser cutting by measuring stem thickness before cutting. The general tendency was that more energy was needed the thicker the stem. Energy uses on a field scale are discussed. 相似文献
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迷迭香抗氧化剂和精油综合提取技术研究(Ⅲ)——超临界CO2萃取法 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
超临界CO2萃取(SCDE)法是迷迭香抗氧化剂和精油综合提取的有效方法之一.迷迭香抗氧化剂和精油超临界CO2萃取的优选条件为:萃取时间 4 h,夹带剂 95% 乙醇与迷迭香叶子的质量比为2∶5,萃取罐和分离器I的温度分别为50和 70 ℃,分离器II的温度为 40 ℃,萃取压力 20 MPa,分离压力为4~5 MPa.迷迭香精油的平均得率为 1.80%,迷迭香精油主要含有1,8 - 桉叶素、樟脑、α - 松油醇、龙脑、马鞭草烯酮、 4 - 松油醇、乙酸龙脑酯和芳樟醇等成分.迷迭香抗氧化剂的平均得率为 11.93%,主要含有鼠尾草酸、鼠尾草酚和迷迭香酸等活性成分,其质量分数分别为 23.61%、 7.33% 和 5.13%. 相似文献
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8.
CO2激光对小麦UV-B损伤防护作用的热效应机制初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以6.62mW·mm-2CO2激光处理小麦(TriticumaestivumL“)小偃22-2”干(Ds)湿(Ws)种子30s后,种子温度分别由23.8℃、22.6℃升至31℃、26℃。用培养箱设定温度模拟CO2激光热效应预处理小麦种子30s后,水培至12d幼苗,在22.5μW·cm-2UV-B下辐照11h,再暗培养14h后取叶测定相关生理指标。结果表明,激光处理使小麦干种子瞬间温度升高太大,升温预处理使叶绿素含量下降,紫外吸收物含量增加,不仅没有起到防护作用反而加重了伤害;而对于小麦湿种子来说,由于含水量增加,温升较适宜,从叶绿素和丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性来看,升温预处理减弱了UV-B辐照造成的损伤,但与对照相比,并不能完全抵消这种伤害。因而CO2激光致热对小麦UV-B损伤防护的生物效应还难以判定。 相似文献
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开放式空气CO2浓度增高条件下水稻土生理生化指标及微生物区系特征的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用座落于江都市小纪镇良种场的FACE平台,研究了FACE条件下,不同氮素水平水稻土壤的生理生化指标及微生物区系特征。结果表明,高N水平下,FACE圈土壤微生物生物量碳、基础呼吸作用、脲酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、氨化作用及放线菌数量都比对照高,而低N水平下,除真菌、放线菌数量以及氨化作用外,其他指标均比对照低。FACE条件下,高氮处理与低氮处理相比较,土壤微生物生物量碳、基础呼吸作用、脲酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、氨化作用以及细菌数量分别提高610.57%、56.55%、24.32%、9.43%、1.09%和225%,供氮水平对FACE条件下水稻土生理生化指标以及微生物群落有调节作用。 相似文献