几种班克木属植物种子生物学特性及其育苗技术研究

3种班克木属树种的种子生物学特性测定结果表明,种子的种间特征差异较大,吸水能力均较强,全缘班克木、剑班克木和生日蜡烛班克木种子50 d的发芽率分别为71.2％、32.8％和33.5％.播种育苗试验结果显示,4个班克木属树种苗期生长出现根茎纤弱、怕水渍和生长缓慢的特性;而基质通过添加石灰和微量元素可显著促进索发针班克木小苗的生长,要培育壮苗必须控制育苗基质呈弱酸性至中性状态,同时苗床要干爽.     

澳大利亚班克木生态习性与栽培技术研究综述

从澳大利亚班克木的资源概况、生物学特性、生长习性、育苗技术、栽培技本及其在生态上的应用等方面进行详细阐述,对班克木的引种栽培具有较好的指导意义.     

强力班克木5个种源苗期生长研究

By afforestation trial, the adaptation and growing states of 5 Banksia robur provenances in Jianfengling of Hainan were studied, and the effects of provenance and fertilizer treatment on the survival rate, height and ground diameter were analyzed. The results showed that all the 5 provenances had a good adaptability in Hainan province. 2 months after planting, the survival rate was 85%, but it was easily affected by air humidity and became lower in the dry season, especially the provenance No.38164, showing that the B. robur needs wet environment. The study also found that different provenances and fertilizer treatments had significant impact and interactions on the growth of B. robur. The provenance No.38163 had the fastest grow speed, with 1.35 mm of ground diameter increment and 10.57 cm of height increment during 3 months, while the provenance No.38164 had the lowest grow speed. The provenance No.39163 also had a strong barren resistance, while the provenances No.38177 and No.38199 needed well water and nutrient conditions. Different fertilizer treatments could enlarge the difference in growth status of the provenances, and the composted cattle manure had the best effect on promoting growth status, which could be used as the best fertilizer in afforestation.     

班克木属植物的研究现状及在我国的应用前景

班克木属（Banksia）植物主要分布在澳大利亚,因其花美果奇,可用作园林植物配置,其花、球果还能用于室内观赏装饰,具有较高的观赏价值和经济价值。文章概述班克木在生物学特性、栽培繁育技术、切花和园林应用等方面的研究进展,并对其应用及在我国推广发展的可行性进行了展望。     

Commercial honey bees (Apis mellifera) reduce the fecundity of an Australian native bee (Hylaeus alcyoneus)

European honey bees used for commercial honey production represent a potential source of competition for floral resources with native nectar and pollen feeding insects. This study reports the results of an experiment run over two years on the impact of commercial honey bees on the fecundity of a solitary native bee, Hylaeus alcyoneus. Registered apiary sites were used as treatment sites (with honey bees) while control sites (without honey bees) were interspersed between. The fecundity of H. alcyoneus was measured using trap nests. We compared the number of nests produced, number of eggs per nest and emerging progeny mass of H. alcyoneus in sites with and without commercial bee hives. The number of nests produced by H. alcyoneus was 23% less (Wilcoxon’s T) at treatment sites than control sites. Analysis of individual measurement intervals using ANOVA was compromised by a general lack of power. This result highlights that even though honey bees have been present in certain areas for many years, competition with native bees may still be occurring.     

班克木属15个种和种源苗期生长特征的研究

对4个种15个种源班克木幼苗的苗高和地径生长、叶根形态及其生物量进行比较分析,探讨这些指标与种实性状、原产地环境因子的相关性。结果表明:不同种班克木间幼苗生长存在显著差异,而种源间差异较小。香花班克木的地径、根冠比、叶面积、根表面积、根体积均最大,高径比最小;强力班克木苗高和根长最大。班克木生长指标与种实性状和环境因子的相关分析表明,地径、地下部分干重、根冠比、叶面积和根体积与所有种实形态指标呈极显著或显著正相关;纬度与苗高极显著负相关,说明自高纬度向低纬度,苗高呈递增趋势;经度与苗高、地径呈极显著和显著正相关,说明自西向东,苗高和地径均呈递增趋势。年降雨量与地径、地下部分干重和根冠比呈显著正相关。     

澳大利亚特色园林植物——班克木

由于地理起源的特殊性,澳大利亚拥有许多独特的植物种类,班克木（Banksia）就是其中最具本土特色的一类。文章介绍了班克木属植物的生物学特点、观赏特性、园林应用和栽培要点,根据原产地气候环境特点和植物的特性,重点介绍了6种具有引种开发潜力的班克木,以期为日后的引种栽培做一些基础性的工作。     

Effect of Salinity on Seedling Emergence of Seven Banksia Species Cultivated for Cut Flower and Foliage

ABSTRACT

Seven Banksia species were tested in order to determine their salinity tolerance at seedling emergence. Five water salinity levels (0.5, 1.7, 2.7, 4.8, and 8.2 dS m^?1 for B. burdettii, B. hookeriana, B. menziesii, and B. victoriae; and 0.2, 1.3, 2.4, 4.7, and 8.5 dS m^?1 for B. coccinea, B. occidentalis, and B. speciosa) were imposed by irrigating with water that contained sodium chloride (NaCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl₂) (normal ratio 2:1). With regards to seedling emergence rates, the species that showed greater salinity tolerance were B. menziesii and B. occidentalis. With regards to the seedling emergence percentages, B. speciosa was the most salinity-tolerant. The calculation of the thresholds expressed as electrical conductivity of saturated soil extract gave that, at seedling emergence, B. speciosa and B. occidentalis are moderately tolerant to salinity, B. menziesii, B. coccinea, and B. hookeriana are moderately sensitive to salinity, and B. burdettii and B. victoriae are sensitive to salinity.