BBTV两个株系DNA组分1的克隆及序列分析

 对在生物学特性特别是寄主范围上存在明显差异的NSP株系和NS株系的代表分离物(广州天河分离物和高州分离物)的DNA组分1进行了克隆和序列分析,结果表明:2个代表分离物的DNA组分1全序列、ORF及其编码的氨基酸序列的变异率分别为3.2%、3.1%和2.8%,从而进一步确证了可以用寄主范围来作上述2个株系的鉴定。此外,这2个株系的DNA组分1、ORF及其编码的氨基酸序列分别与肖火根等报道的中国(广东)分离物、以及亚洲组和南太平洋组各分离物进行比较,结果表明:NS株系与肖火根等报道的中国(广东)分离物的亲缘关系很密切;这2个株系与亚洲组各分离物的差异均较小,而与南太平洋组各分离物的差异均较大,它们应属亚洲组。     

桔皮中提取橙皮苷方法的研究

研究了从桔皮中提取橙皮苷的一种新方法。优化条件是：按干拮皮与９５％乙醇质量比１：２０投料,在５０℃下浸提３次,每次４ｈ,总浸提效率达５．３７％。     

香蕉束顶病毒(BBTV)侵染对寄主内源激素的影响

 本试验用ELISA方法测定了香蕉感染束顶病毒(BBTV)后植株体内的3种内源激素,赤霉素(GA₃)、玉米素类(iPAs)和脱落酸(ABA)的变化。结果表明,感株的GA₃水平在侵染过程中虽有微弱增加,但含量和增长速度显著低于健株对照;iPAs在接种BBTV第14天后明显下降,并维持较低水平;ABA在BBTV侵染后被大量诱导增加并不断积累,在接种后第35天测定含量最高,为对照的3.34倍。试验还同时检测了BBTV在侵染过程中的运转。用间接ELISA测定的接种叶和顶叶的BBTV含量显示:接种21天后BBTV在接种叶和顶叶中还大量增殖,呈系统性分布。但寄主的症状在接种35天后才逐渐在顶叶表现。以上结果表明:香蕉束顶病的症状表现似乎主要与病株中的内源激素的失调有关,而与BBTV在体内的运转并不直接相关     

菠萝皮发酵生产饲料蛋白优良菌种的筛选

以菠萝皮为原料,经烘干粉碎后添加一定辅料,采用10株不同的霉菌和酵母菌株进行单一菌种发酵试验,预筛选出产蛋白含量较高的3株霉菌和1株酵母菌;再将预筛选出的霉菌和酵母菌经过不同组合按一定的比例和接种量对菠萝皮渣进行混和菌种发酵。结果表明:采用绿色木霉(Trichodermaviride)和产朊假丝酵母(Candicau-tilis)按3:2的接种比例、5%的总接种量进行发酵,可使菠萝皮发酵产物的粗蛋白质含量和水洗蛋白含量显著提高,且发酵产物气味芳香,适口性好,可做动物蛋白饲料。     

In vitro effects of Musa x paradisiaca extracts on four developmental stages of Haemonchus contortus

This study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro effect of Musa x paradisiaca stem and leaf against the parasitic nematode of small ruminants Haemonchus contortus. Three extracts (aqueous, methanolic and/or dichloromethane) of Musa x paradisiaca stem and leaf were tested in vitro on four developmental stages of H. contortus using egg hatch assay (EHA), larval development assay (LDA), L3 migration inhibition assay (LMI) and adult worm motility assay (AWM). The highly significant (P < 0.0001) ability to stop larval development (inhibition >67% for each extract) and the negative effect of the dichloromethane extract of leaf on adult worm motility (43% of inhibition of motility after 24 h of incubation) compared to the negative controls, suggest anthelmintic properties of Musa x paradisiaca stem and leaf against H. contortus. The active principles responsible for the activity could be secondary metabolites such as terpenoid and flavonoid compounds present in the leaf and stem of the plant.     

石榴皮多酚提取物对亚急性瘤胃酸中毒相关有害因子的影响

本文通过建立体外亚急性瘤胃酸中毒(subacute ruminal acidosis,SARA)模型,研究不同添加水平的石榴皮多酚提取物(pomegranate peel polyphenol extract,PPPE)对SARA相关有害因子的影响.试验采用单因素试验设计,PPPE设3个添加水平,即分别为发酵底物质量的...     

加套纸袋对香蕉品质影响的研究

香蕉套袋护果技术已经非常普及,生产中多用定型袋外套蓝色塑料袋的方法护果。截至目前,广西香蕉种植户普遍采用蓝色塑料袋中加套纸袋的护果方法,但未见加套纸袋对香蕉品质影响的研究报道。本研究探讨了加套纸袋对香蕉表观性状及内在生理生化指标的影响,为综合评价加套纸袋对香蕉品质影响提供理论依据。研究表明,加套纸袋可以显著提高果皮亮度,但降低果皮黄色饱和度;一定程度提高蕉果果肉钾含量,却显著降低了果皮中钙含量;加套纸袋能够显著提高瓤皮比,但果皮质地细嫩,易刮伤;加套纸袋可以显著提高蕉果果肉维生素C含量,降低了蕉果果肉中淀粉累积量;此外,加套纸袋后,蕉果的转色时间和货架期短于常规。综上,提出调整套纸袋时间、套袋方法等改进措施。     

饲料中添加柑桔皮粉和有机稀土复合饲料添加剂对黄杂肉用仔鸡生产性能的影响

将32日龄黄杂肉用仔鸡120只随机分成2组,每组60只,第一组为对照组,仅饲喂基础日粮,第二组饲喂在基础日粮中添加2％的柑桔皮粉 0．5％的730有机稀土复合饲料添加剂的日粮,试验进行35d,结果表明,试验组的增重比对照组高17．07％,料重比比对照组降低16．86％,饲料转化率比对照组提高20．27％,经济效益比对照组高40．14％。     

蘑菇渣对香蕉生长和土壤肥力的影响

利用蘑菇渣进行香蕉小区试验,以探索其对香蕉的增产效果及对土壤肥力的影响。试验设无肥、化肥、低量菌渣、中低量菌渣、中量菌渣和高量菌渣6个处理。2年的小区试验结果表明:施用菌渣能促进香蕉生长,提高产量,特别是显著增加香蕉的果穗重量、果指总重;有效增加土壤有机质和碱解氮含量。在香蕉生产中,菌渣的直接施用量以28723 kg/hm2较为适宜。     

Effect of different levels of dietary sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel extract on humoral immune system responses in broiler chickens

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel extract (SOPE) on humoral immune system responses in broiler chickens. Three hundred 1‐day broilers (Ross‐308) were randomly allocated to treatments varying in supplemental SOPE added in the drinking water. The experimental groups consisted of three treatments fed for 42 days as follows: a control treatment without feed extract, a treatment containing 1000 ppm of SOPE and a treatment containing 1250 ppm of SOPE. All treatments were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Broilers were vaccinated with Newcastle disease virus (NDV), avian influenza (AI), infectious bursal disease (IBD) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccines. Antibody titer response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was higher in the group fed 1250 ppm of SOPE (P < 0.05) as well as for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM. Similarly, antibody titer responses to all vaccines were constantly elevated (P < 0.05) by SOPE enrichment in a dose‐dependent manner. Relative weights of spleen and bursa of Fabricius were unaffected by treatments. Dietary SOPE supplementation may improve the immune response and diseases resistance, indicating that it can constitute a useful additive in broiler feeding. Thus, supplying SOPE in rations may help to improve relative immune response in broiler chickens.