增强现实技术在移动GIS系统中的实现

针对传统GIS应用信息显示直观性不强的缺点,在GIS应用中引入增强现实技术,研究了地理要素实现增强现实显示的关键技术及方法,并以Windows Phone开发平台为例,实现了具有地理坐标信息的地理要素的增强现实显示系统.结果证明,增强现实技术与GIS的结合能够很好的将真实环境与虚拟地理要素信息融合起来,使得地理要素的识别更具直观性.     

Application of an augmented nitrification assay to elucidate the effects of a spring barley crop and manures on temporal variations in rates

The effects of crop plants and farmyard or poultry manure applications on temporal variations in nitrification rates were measured in a field experiment. In order to elucidate factors which may have been governing such rates, an augmented nitrification assay was applied. The basis of the assay was to measure nitrification rates under circumstances where substrate, i.e. ammonium-ion, and water and spatial constraints had been removed. Nitrification rates showed marked temporal variation, of over one order of magnitude, throughout the growing season. Nitrification rates were also similarly increased when substrate and spatial constraints were removed, but distinct temporal variations still persisted. The pattern of such variations varied according to assay conditions in the augmented nitrification assay. Barley plants had a statistically significant effect on nitrification rates, positive early in the growing season and negative at the end. Manures stimulated nitrification, with poultry manure having a greater effect than farmyard manure, and there was evidence for a relationship between heterotrophic and autotrophic activity. Factors other than ammonium-ion concentration and water or spatial restrictions must also regulate nitrification rates in mineral soils; these could include population size or interactions. Received: 7 January 1996     

玉米株型性状的遗传表达和自交系与杂交种株型的聚类分析

以4×7交配模式共得正、反交F_1杂交组合56个。对包括这11个自交系在内的15个自交系和包括这56个组合在内的60个 F_1组合(另外4个 F_1组合均为正交)研究了13个玉米株型性状的遗传表达和亲子关系。根据上部第1～8片叶的叶夹角和棒三叶的叶向值等9个性状对15个自交系和32个杂交种分别进行聚类分析。得到如下主要结果:①13个株型性状的正、反交 F_1间差异不显著。②对13个株型性状的遗传模型和杂种优势来源作了初步推断。株高(PH)、穗上一叶叶向值(LOV1)、棒三叶叶向值(LOV3)、穗上叶平均叶夹角(AALA)、穗上平均叶间距(AILA)、穗下平均叶间距(AILB)和穗上平均叶长(ALLA)等性状的加性方差显著大于显性方差,说明这些性状的遗传主要来自加性作用。穗位高(EH)、雄穗分枝数(TB)、茎粗(SD)、单株叶面积(LAP)、棒三叶叶面积(ALNE)和穗上平均叶宽(ALWA)的遗传由加性和非加性共同决定。③按8个穗上叶夹角和 LOV3所作的聚类分析可以把玉米自交系和杂交种的株型分为紧凑型、近紧凑型、近平展型和平展型四类;并可从自交系和杂交种聚类分析结果的对比看出株型性状的亲子关系。④针对各株型性...     

玉米几个主要农艺性状的遗传研究

采用增广NCⅡ设计,研究玉米的株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、粒长、百粒重和小区产量的遗传。结果表明,穗位高和百粒重符合加性-显性遗传模型,株高和穗行数除加性-显性效应外还有上位性效应,粒长和小区产量除加性效应外还有上位性效应,穗粗和穗长只有加性效应。显性性质:株高和穗位高平均为部分显性,百粒重和穗行数平均为超显性,显性方向株高、穗位高、百粒重和穗行数均为双向显性。     

冬小麦亲本配合力在不同世代和年份间的稳定性研究

用９个冬小麦亲本按ＮＣＩＩ交配设计配成２０个杂交组合,分析了Ｆ２－Ｆ５世代８个产量性状的配合力在世代和年份间的稳定性。结果表明：克草粒数（籽粒数／茎秆草重）、千粒篝,收获指数、每穗粒重和每穗粒数的一般配合力在不同世代和年份间表现基本一致,早代测定的可靠性高。单株粒重和生物产量的一般配合力在Ｆ２、Ｆ３世代间相关性低,Ｆ４代以后明显增高,说明宜晚代测定配合力。在Ｆ４、Ｆ５世代间所有性状的特殊配合力均显     

12份外引玉米种质主要农艺性状的配合力及杂种优势分析

采用NCII遗传交配设计,以昌7-2、郑58、PH4CV、PH6WC为测验种,与12份阿根廷抗粗缩病自交系和群体配制48个组合,2015、2016年分别在河南洛阳、新乡、山东聊城进行产量及相关性状测定。结果表明,根据产量等性状的一般配合力,遴选出3份较为优秀的自交系CA1109、CA1107、CA1108,其中,CA1109的产量、出籽率、百粒重、穗粗等性状一般配合力较高,但株高、穗位偏高;CA1107的百粒重、穗粗以及降低株高和穗位高等性状一般配合力较高,但延长了生育期,且行粒数、出籽率减少;CA1108增加百粒重、穗行数、穗粗一般配合力较高,但延长了生育期,增加了株高和穗位高和收获时子粒含水量。根据产量SCA效应值,初步判定属SS类的有CA1303、CA1109、CA1106、CA1104,属NS类的CA1301、CA1101、CA1102。被测系CA1109、CA1107、CA1108直接利用选育出高产组合的可能性较大。     

高产小麦主要性状的遗传模型分析

选用 1 9个高产小麦品种 ,形成 1 0 9 1 9增广 NCII设计 ,对 1 8个数量性状进行遗传研究。结果表明 ,一节高比、二节高比符合加性效应模型 ,三节高比和退化小穗数符合加性—显性效应模型 ,株粒重、株穗数、单穗重、单株生物产量、千粒重、穗粒数、有效小穗数、穗长、株高、穗颈长、穗下一节长、穗下二节长、穗下三节长、颈高比等 1 4个性状不符合加性—显性效应模型 ,还存在其它效应。对三节高比和退化小穗数二性状的遗传参数估计结果表明 :二性状雌、雄亲的遗传变异主要是加性效应 ,平均显性度为程度不同的部分显性 ;二性状增、减效等位基因频率在雌亲组中和雄亲组中 ,平均来说都不相等 ;二性状在雄亲组中显性等位基因占优势 ,在雌亲组中显、隐性等位基因频率大致相等 ,穗下三节高比的提高和退化小穗数的减少是由显性基因控制的 ,且均为部分显性。     

籼粳杂交稻米品质性状的遗传分析

应用增广ＮＣⅡ设计研究了籼粳杂交稻米有关品质性状的遗传。结果表明；直链淀粉含量的遗传符合加性模型；其增、减效等位基因频率在供试籼稻和粳稻间无显著差异；粒长、粒宽和糊化温度则中快，显性模型，其增、减效等佃基因频率在供试籼稻和粳稻彰极显著差异。一般来说，供籼稻中比供试粳稻中含有更多的控制粒长、粒宽糊化温度和显性基因。平均而言，长对短、窄对宽、高糊化温度对低糊化温度为显性；显性 粒长和粒宽性状上为部分显     

基于AMMI模型的杂交高粱籽粒淀粉含量的配合力分析(英文)

[Objective] Analysis of combining ability of starch content variation in hybrid sorghum with the assistant of AMMI model. [Method] Based on the analyses of GCA using incomplete diallel cross(NCII), the SCA of hybrid sorghum was analyzed by AMMI model. [Result] For the starch content change of F1 hybrid sorghum, the effects of GCA and SCA accounted for 81.06% and 17.97%, respectively. In the present study, CMS lines 45A, 29A and restorer lines Hui 1, 44R were proved to be the excellent parent materials for preparing high starch hybrid sorghum cultivars. [Conclusion] The improvement of starch content in parents should be mainly concerned in breeding high starch content hybrid sorghum.