Biological control of<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Bemisia tabaci</Emphasis> Biotype “B” (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) by introduction,release and establishment of<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Eretmocerus hayati</Emphasis> (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)

For the biological control Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) Biotype B (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) , about 200,700 individuals of the imported parasitoid Eretmocerus hayati Zolnerowich and Rose (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) were released during 2000 and 2002 on different host plants in Egypt. The average parasitism rates in different governorates on Lantana camara, Gossypium barbadence (cotton), Helianthus annus (soybean) and Solanum melongena (eggplant) were 10.3 and 14%, 16 and 11.4%, 12.9 and 8.7%, 18 and 13% during 2001 and 2002, respectively. The population of E. hayati correlated significantly with the buildup of the whitefly population in all three governorates, which indicated the establishment of the E. hayati parasitoid on these economically important crops in Egypt.     

Susceptibility of Aphelinus certus to foliar‐applied insecticides currently or potentially registered for soybean aphid control

BACKGROUND: Soybean aphid, a serious economic pest of soybean in North America, is currently managed by applying non‐selective foliar insecticides during outbreaks according to decision thresholds and crop maturity. Natural enemies, such as the parasitoid Aphelinus certus Yasnosh, potentially play an important role in suppressing soybean aphid. Using selective insecticides that preserve A. certus may enhance the biological control service they provide and thus prevent or reduce the severity of soybean aphid outbreaks. The toxicity of five insecticides (λ‐cyhalothrin, dimethoate, flonicamid, mineral oil, spirotetramat) and the biopesticide Beauveria bassiana to A. certus was assessed. RESULTS: The LD₅₀ values of λ‐cyhalothrin and dimethoate were similar; however, the hazard quotient of dimethoate was greater than that of λ‐cyhalothrin. In a screening bioassay, the descending order of toxicity for the recommended rates 48 h after application was dimethoate > λ‐cyhalothrin > flonicamid > mineral oil > Beauveria bassiana > spirotetramat. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, λ‐cyhalothrin and dimethoate were both harmful to A. certus. The other insecticides tested were harmless to A. certus and are potential candidates for inclusion in soybean aphid management programs. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

蚜小蜂科的分类研究 Ⅰ.短索蚜小蜂属1新种及松突圆蚧异角蚜小蜂的记述(膜翅目Hymenoptera,蚜小蜂科Aphelinidae)

松突圆蚧异角蚜小蜂Coccobius azumai Tachikawa是松树上松突圆蚧Hemiberlesia pityso phila Takagi的重要寄生蜂,广东省自1986年以来从日本冲绳引进以防治松突圆蚧.在引进的材料中还获得短索蚜小蜂属Archenomus的1新种.笔者对这2种蚜小蜂作了描述,新种模式标本分藏福建农学院生物防治研究所和植物保护系.     

蚜小蜂科二新种（膜翅目：小蜂总科）

记述了东北地区小产的两新种。１．杨圆蚧黄蚜小蜂Ａｐｈｖｔｉｓ ｑｕａｄｒａｓｐｉｄｉｏｔｉ新种，该种具有典型的ｍｖｔｉｌａｓｐｉｄｉｓ种团的特征，与Ａ．ｍｖｔｉｌａｓｐｉｄｉｓ较相近，但本新种；（１）产卵器及产卵器鞘较长；（２）前翅三角区内刚毛明显多（９２－１４０根）；（３）并胸腹节长约为后胸背板的３．２０－３．８７倍。雄性未知。正模：♀．副模；８♀♀。黑龙江（海伦）．１９８６－０６－１５；副模     

Species of Encarsia Foerster (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)from Northeastern China

ThegenusE1caI=viaFoerstercontainsover2oode-scribedspeciesworldwide(WooIIeyl997).TI1irty-eightspecieshavebeenreportedfYomChina.butmostoccurinthesouthernpartoftI1ecountry(Liaoetal.l987;HuetaI.I987fViggianietal.l993-Huangl994).Recentlyasystematicstudyoftl1et…     

Species ofEncarsia foerster (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) from northeastern China

In this paper, four species ofEncarsia Foerster collected from northeastern China are reported, and a key is given for females. Except.E gigas (Tshumakova), most of the species are first time reported in this region. The research is supported by Natural Science Fundation of Heilongjiang Province. (Reponsible Editor: Chai Ruihai)     

Seasonal parasitism of cereal aphids in a Mediterranean arable crop system

We monitored winter cereal fields in a Mediterranean arable crop system to obtain information about the aphid parasitoid species composition and the aphid–parasitoid interactions through the whole cropping cycle. Nine species of aphid primary parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) were identified. The most abundant species were Aphidius rhopalosiphi, Aphidius matricariae, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus testaceipes. The genus Aphelinus sp. (Hym., Aphelinidae) was also identified. We determined seasonal host–parasitoid associations over the entire cereal crop cycle. A number of new such associations were recorded, which were previously unknown in Spain and Europe. Our results indicated broad associations of L. testaceipes and A. matricariae with cereal aphids; furthermore, the association of Aphelinus sp. with several cereal aphid species was also substantial. In the NE of the Iberian Peninsula, the cereal aphid parasitoids that we identified are able to develop throughout the crop season on one or more host species. Thus, the main aphid species can be parasitized effectively throughout the entire cereal crop cycle. We discuss the role of cereal aphid parasitoids in the region in the context of our experimental results.     

蚜小蜂科的分类研究Ⅱ.中国短索蚜小蜂属4新种记述(膜翅目Hymenoptera,蚜小蜂科Aphelinidae)

本文记述中国短索蚜小蜂属Archenomus Howard的4新种,新种的模式标本分藏福建农学院生物防治研究所和植物保护系.     

蚜小蜂属1中国新记录种记述(膜翅目:蚜小蜂科)

记述了采自内蒙古呼伦贝尔市红花尔基的蚜小蜂属1中国新记录种--长索蚜小蜂(Aphelinus annulipes(Walker)),详细记述了其雄性形态特征、已知寄主和分布,并附有特征照片.研究标本保存于东北林业大学昆虫标本室.