中国紫堇属植物新纪录—芍叶紫堇

内蒙古额尔古纳国家级自然保护区野外监测时发现一紫堇属(Corydalis DC.)植物,拍照定点采集标本并室内解剖观察,鉴定为芍叶紫堇(Corydalis paeonifolia(Steph.)Pers.)。花淡紫色,长2.0-2.8 cm;花序1~3分枝,每个花序7~10朵花;复叶,薄纸质,小叶不对称;根绳索状,外皮易脱落;苞片戟形;花药黄色,雌蕊1,柱头近5裂。此次制作的凭证标本(20170714001)保存于内蒙古额尔古纳国家级自然保护区标本室。     

Bacterial inoculants affecting nickel uptake by Alyssum murale from low, moderate and high Ni soils

Metal hyperaccumulator plants like Alyssum murale have a remarkable ability to hyperaccumulate Ni from soils containing mostly insoluble Ni. We have shown some rhizobacteria increase the phytoavailability of Ni in soils, thus enhancing Ni accumulation by A. murale. Nine bacterial strains, originally isolated from the rhizosphere of A. murale grown in serpentine Ni-rich soil, were examined for their ability to solubilize Ni in different soils and for their effect on Ni uptake into Alyssum. Microbacterium oxydans AY509223; Rhizobium galegae AY509213; Microbacterium oxydans AY509219; Clavibacter xyli AY509236; Acidovorax avenae AY512827; Microbacterium arabinogalactanolyticum AY509225; M. oxydans AY509222; M. arabinogalactanolyticum AY509226 and M. oxydans AY509221 were added to low, moderate and high Ni-contaminated soils. M. oxydans AY509223 significantly increased Ni extraction by 10 mM Sr(NO₃)₂ from the high and medium soils and had no effect on Ni extraction from the low Ni soils. The other eight bacterial isolates significantly increased Ni extraction from all soils. There were no significant effects of bacterial inoculation on fresh and dry weight of A . murale shoots grown in the low and high Ni soils compared to an unamended control. M. oxydans AY509223 significantly increased Ni uptake of A. murale grown in the low, medium, and high soils by 36.1%, 39.3%, and 27.7%, respectively, compared with uninoculated seeds. M. oxydans AY509223 increased foliar Ni from the same soils from 82.9, 261.3 and 2829.3 mg kg⁻¹ to 129.7, 430.7, and 3914.3 mg kg⁻¹, respectively, compared with uninoculated controls. These results show that bacteria are important for Ni hyperaccumulation and could potentially be developed as an inoculum for enhancing uptake during commercial phytoremediation or phytomining of Ni.     

荒漠十字花科植物粗果庭芥的核型分析

[目的]分析新疆荒漠十字花科植物粗果庭芥(Alyssum dasycarpum Steph.ex Willd.)的核型特征.[方法]以粗果庭芥根尖细胞为实验材料,采用常规压片法对细胞染色体数目、大小核型及倍性进行分析.[结果]该物种的染色体数目为2n=16,基数=8,二倍体;全部为中着丝粒染色体(m),染色体长度比为2.283,臂比＞2的染色体比为0,核型公式为2n=2x=16 =16 m,染色体组型属Stebbins核型分类中的“1B”类型,不对称系数为57.07;,低于60;,对称性高;核型分析过程中,未观察到随体存在.[结论]推测粗果庭芥在系统演化上可能属于较原始的种类.