蓝花棘豆硬实种子特性的研究

每天从发芽皿中挑选吸胀的蓝花棘豆种子作为对照。第一天的称为CK1，依此类推分别为CK2，CK3……等。对照种子的硬实程度随着吸胀时间的延长而增强，即CK5＞CK4＞CK3＞CK2＞CK1。将第八天尚未吸胀的作为硬实种子。用浓硫酸处理25分钟。结果表明，硬实种子的发芽率、活力指数、脱氢酶活性及抗逆性均高于对照。后者CK1→CK5的上述指标呈逐渐上升趋势。硬实种子的电导率则低于对照。后者CK1→CK5电导率呈下降趋势。综上所述，作者认为蓝花棘豆中硬实种子的活力高于非硬实种子，其活力随着硬实程度的增加而递增。     

曼稿自然保护区野生大花万代兰分布现状

在西双版纳曼稿自然保护区的4个天然植被亚型中选设了5条调查样线,以搞清自然保护区大花万代兰的垂直分布、生境选择及其附主植物．结果表明：曼稿自然保护区海拔1130～1600m范围均有野生大花万代兰分布,分布最为集中的是海拔1200～1450m的针阔混交林;多分布于林木上层郁闭度50％～60％的阳坡地段;主要附主植物有毛叶青冈、大叶栎、黑黄檀、银叶栲等．针对野生大花万代兰具有的保护价值及其目前所面临的各种威胁．提出加大管护力度、对其分布及种群数量进行长期性监测、开展人工培育技术研究等保护建议．     

Effect of Immunosuppression on the Clinicopathological Changes in Experimental Zygomycosis in Rabbits

A study was undertaken to investigate the effect of immunosuppression by cyclophosphamide or methylprednisolone on the clinicopathological alterations in respiratory absidiosis in rabbits. Infected rabbits showed respiratory distress that was more severe in immunosuppressed groups. Leukocytosis due to neutrophilia was observed in the non-immunosuppressed group in the initial stages, whereas leukopenia was observed in both the immunosuppressed groups initially, owing to polymorphopenia in the cyclophosphamide-treated group and to lymphopenia in the methylprednisolone-treated group, followed by leukocytosis in both groups. Total serum proteins increased significantly in the non-immunosuppressed group but were significantly decreased in the immunosuppressed groups. Serum creatinine increased significantly in all the infected groups from 20 days post inoculation (DPI) onwards. Blood urea nitrogen increased significantly in the initial stages only in the methylprednisolone-treated group. AST and ALT also showed significant increases in the infected animals. Total serum immunoglobulins and circulating immune complexes increased gradually in all three infected groups, except for an initial significant drop in the immunosuppressed rabbits. Re-isolation of fungus was only achieved from the lungs of infected rabbits up to 15 DPI in the non-immunosuppressed group and 30 DPI in the immunosuppressed groups. Pathological lesions in all the infected groups were found mainly in the lungs and consisted of pyogranulomas. The lesions were most severe in the cyclophosphamide-treated group and least severe in the non-immunosuppressed group.     

利用廉价原料培养蓝色犁头霉生产壳聚糖的研究

本研究利用犁头属真菌蓝色犁头霉发酵生产壳聚糖,探索了廉价并能高产壳聚糖的液态发酵培养基配方.通过对比农副产品对菌丝体产率的影响.最终确定出最佳的培养基组份为:糖蜜8%,棉籽壳20%,硫酸铵1%.得到菌丝干重为17.3g/L,粗壳聚糖为1.4g/L,通过检测得到该产品脱乙酰度为84.47%,纯度为79.5%.     

壳低聚糖高产菌的诱变选育

[目的]探讨壳低聚糖高产菌诱变选育的方法。[方法]以壳低聚糖产生菌蓝色犁头霉ZH08为出发菌株,经紫外诱变和亚硝酸诱变处理,以对硝基乙酰苯胺为指示剂,利用双层平板颜色反应法,挑取菌落黄色比较深的脱乙酰酶高活性突变株,再经摇瓶发酵复筛,以获得壳低聚糖产量较高的菌株。[结果]通过对出发菌株ZH08进行理化诱变,获得突变株共7株（XH01～07）,经过反复传代和筛选,这几株突变株的壳低聚糖含量均高于出发菌株,其中XH05菌株的壳低聚糖含量最高,其产量稳定在1.07 g/L,比出发菌株提高72.6%。[结论]利用对硝基乙酰苯胺作为筛选具较高甲壳素脱乙酰酶酶活的跟踪试剂,用于筛选壳低聚糖高产菌株,是一种快速、有效的筛选方法。     

伞枝犁头霉对雏鸡致病性的研究

本文报道了一群雏鸡因自然混合或单独感染伞枝犁头霉、烟曲霉和黄而引起的霉菌性肺炎病例，其中伞犁头霉经咽喉滴注１０只雏鸡，成功地复制出与自然发病基本一致病例。从而首次证明伞犁头霉是对雏鸡具有较明显致病力的条件致病菌。病雏主要表现为呼吸困难，其病理变化与哺乳动物毛霉菌病基本一致。     

矮壮素对野生蓝花棘豆花序矮化效应研究

简述了野生蓝花棘豆的生物学特征和栽培观赏价值,研究了不同浓度矮壮素(CCC)处理对蓝花棘豆花序长度和花朵数的影响。结果表明:施用矮壮素对野生蓝花棘豆花序生长有矮化效应。随着CCC浓度的增加,花序长度和花朵数均呈缩减趋势,但花序长度缩短效果较花朵数减少程度显著。施用CCC后,花序节间缩短,使得花序紧密,提高了蓝花棘豆的观赏价值。其中,CCC施用浓度为156 mg/L时,效果较好。     

伞枝犁头霉发酵蔗糖产α-酮戊二酸条件的优化

研究伞枝犁头霉D1利用蔗糖生产α-酮戊二酸的发酵条件优化.结果表明:1)最佳发酵培养基组成为:蔗糖40 g/L,NaNO3 1 g/L,KH2PO4 1.36 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.2 g/L,FeSO4·7H2O 0.01 g/L,NaCl 2 g/L,玉米浆0.5 g/L,CaCO3 40 g/L,叶酸2 g/L.2)最佳培养条件为:250 mL摇瓶装液25％,培养温度37℃和转速200 r/min.在此条件下培养84 h,伞枝犁头霉产α-酮戊二酸量最大达14.0 g/L,产酸速率为0.17 g/(L·h),对蔗糖的转化率为34.9％.伞枝犁头霉D1能够有效利用蔗糖发酵产α-酮戊二酸,具有较好的科研价值和工业应用前景.     

藏兽药蓝花侧金盏对兔螨的抑杀作用研究

目的:探讨藏兽药蓝花侧金盏对兔螨的抑杀作用。方法:应用体外培养杀螨实验,比较了蓝花侧金盏水提取物、甲醇提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物及石油醚提取物的杀螨活性,并对活性较强的提取物的毒力和治疗兔螨病效果进行了评价。结果:4种提取物中,乙酸乙酯提取物具有较强的体外杀螨活性,高剂量(500 mg/mL)在体外培养6 h内全部杀死螨虫,4种浓度(500、250、125和62.5 mg/mL)的半数致死时间分别为0.743、2.73、5.919和22.536 h,并且其能有效治疗兔螨病,总有效率为90%。结论:蓝花侧金盏乙酸乙酯提取物具有良好的杀兔螨活性。