基于ARIS的农业信息采集平台需求分析方法

需求分析是信息系统工程的关键,随着农业信息化的发展,农业信息系统工程的需求定义和分析也逐渐得到重视。该文针对农业软件系统研制中经常发生的需求无法得到准确描述的问题,在农业信息采集平台的研制过程中引入ARIS需求分析建模方法。通过对农业信息采集平台的需求建模,研究了ARIS 5种视图在农业信息系统建模中的应用,采用EPC建立流程模型。最后结合软件研制实例分析了ARIS需求分析建模方法在农业领域应用软件研制中的优势。     

Direct and indirect impacts of pumping station operation on downstream migration of critically endangered European eel

Downstream passage of European eel Anguilla anguilla (L.) in catchments with pump(s) for water level management is a major concern. Catchment‐wide acoustic telemetry revealed silver eels quickly migrated downstream through unobstructed reaches (n = 12; mean ± SD = 17.9 ± 1.9 km/day). Fourteen of 17 acoustic‐tagged eels detected at the pumping station (82.1%) retreated back upstream and ten (58.8%) passed through pumps after delays (9.5 ± 11.0 days). Multi‐beam sonar imaging across the intake screen (55‐mm gaps) revealed that peaks in migration occurred during the nights preceding the new moon but 76.7% retreated back upstream. All passive integrated transponder (PIT)‐tagged eels recaptured (n = 56) downstream of a large (2.23‐m diameter) mixed flow pump survived but 96.5% had minor injuries, reduced physical condition and/or abnormal behaviour. By contrast, 64.7% of PIT‐tagged eels recaptured (n = 17) downstream of a small (0.8‐m diameter) axial flow pump died. No acoustic‐tagged eels that passed through the small axial flow pump (n = 10) performed onward migration at sea, unlike “control” eels released downstream (n = 11). This evidence may help develop effective remediation measures, such as operational changes, to maximise escapement of catadromous eel species at pumping stations.     

Seasonal on-farm irrigation performance in the Ebro basin (Spain): Crops and irrigation systems

Irrigation performance assessments are required for hydrological planning and as a first step to improve water management. The objective of this work was to assess seasonal on-farm irrigation performance in the Ebro basin of Spain (0.8 million ha of irrigated land). The study was designed to address the differences between crops and irrigation systems using irrigation district data. Information was only available in districts located in large irrigation projects, accounting for 58% of the irrigated area in the basin. A total of 1617 records of plot water application (covering 10,475 ha) were obtained in the basin. Average net irrigation requirements (IR_n) ranged from 2683 m³ ha⁻¹ in regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) vineyards to 9517 m³ ha⁻¹ in rice. Average irrigation water application ranged from 1491 m³ ha⁻¹ in vineyards to 11,404 m³ ha⁻¹ in rice. The annual relative irrigation supply index (ARIS) showed an overall average of 1.08. Variability in ARIS was large, with an overall standard deviation of 0.40. Crop ARIS ranged between 0.46 and 1.30. Regarding irrigation systems, surface, solid-set sprinkler and drip irrigated plots presented average ARIS values of 1.41, 1.16 and 0.65, respectively. Technical and economic water productivities were determined for the main crops and irrigation systems in the Aragón region. Rice and sunflower showed the lowest productivities. Under the local technological and economic constraints, farmers use water cautiously and obtain reasonable (yet very variable) productivities.     

17β-雌二醇-黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸结合物的合成

根据ＡＲＩＳ的需要,设计出标题物的分子结构模型。以黄素－５′－单磷酸、６－酮－１７β－雌二醇羧甲基肟和Ｎ６－（６－氨基己基）腺苷－５′－单磷酸为原料,经过３步反应合成出标题物。采用酶激活试验和免疫抑制试验确证了标题物的结构。     

ARIS的信号放大系统研究

研究了葡萄糖氧化酶（ＧＯＤ）、β－Ｄ－葡萄糖（β－Ｄ－Ｇ）、辣根过氧化物酶（ＨＲＰ）、色原物（ＣＳ）及ｐＨ 值等因素对放大系统的影响。结果表明,放大系统的最佳ｐＨ 值为６．４,理想色原物是联大茴香胺,３,３′,５,５′－四甲基联苯胺（ＴＭＢ）和邻苯二胺（ＯＰＤ）不宜作为放大系统的色原物。ＧＯＤ,β－Ｄ－Ｇ,ＨＲＰ和ＣＳ在不同程度上均极显著（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）地影响试验结果,其主次关系为ＧＯＤ＞ β－Ｄ－Ｇ＞ ＞ ＨＲＰ＞ ＣＳ．反应时间对试验结果有显著（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）影响。适当增加反应物浓度和延长反应时间对放大系统是有利的