对中国种业发展战略之建言

粮食生产是农业的"重中之重"。种子对粮食等农作物增产增收,起着关键性作用。我国种业市场潜力巨大,但存在着被逐步"殖民化"的趋势。为加速种业市场发展,提出了把种业尽快上升到国家战略、国家理念、国家意志的层面,解决关键性问题,形成国家级核心竞争优势的建言。     

Microscopy Observations of Habitable Space in Biochar for Colonization by Fungal Hyphae From Soil

Biochar is a potential micro-environment for soil microorganisms but evidence to support this suggestion is limited. We explored imaging techniques to visualize and quantify fungal colonization of habitable spaces in a biochar made from a woody feedstock. In addition to characterization of the biochar, it was necessary to optimize preparation and observation methodologies for examining fungal colonization of the biochar. Biochar surfaces and pores were investigated using several microscopy techniques. Biochar particles were compared in soilless media and after deposition in soil. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） observations and characterization of the biochar demonstrated structural heterogeneity within and among biochar particles. Fungal colonization in and on biochar particles was observed using light, fluorescence and electron microscopy. Fluorescent brightener RR 2200 was more effective than Calcofluor White as a hyphal stain. Biochar retrieved from soil and observed using fluorescence microscopy exhibited distinct hyphal networks on external biochar surfaces. The extent of hyphal colonization of biochar incubated in soil was much less than for biochar artificially inoculated with fungi in a soilless medium. The location of fungal hyphae was more clearly visible using SEM than with fluorescence microscopy. Observations of biochar particles colonized by hyphae from soil posed a range of difficulties including obstruction by the presence of soil particles on biochar surfaces and inside pores. Extensive hyphal colonization of the surface of the biochar in the soilless medium contrasted with limited hyphal colonization of pores within the biochar. Both visualization and quantification of hyphal colonization of surfaces and pores of biochar were restricted by two-dimensional imaging associated with uneven biochar surfaces and variable biochar pore structure. There was very little colonization ofbiochar from hyphae in the agricultural soil used in this study.     

种子乃万物之源

<正>19世纪之前,中国是一个农业社会,以农养政,以农养兵,以农养城,以农养国,国家机器的运转靠的就是农业税收。而农业每次发生质的飞跃,关键取决于种子的革命,种子革命是农业社会经济繁盛的源头。种子革命是生物进化的源头革命,它带来的巨大效应是根本性的。新中国成立到现在只有60多年,中国人口已经由4亿多猛增到13亿多。食物的充裕,拓展了人们的生存空间,使人口     

巴西环境部公布100名亚马孙非法采伐者名单

巴西：2008年9月29日，巴西环境部公布了一份100名最为严重的亚马孙森林非法采伐者的名单。环境部部长卡洛斯·明克表示，所有上了名单的非法采伐者都将被起诉，并提出对他们课以最高5000万雷亚尔的罚款。而高踞名单榜首的则是巴西政府所属机构全国殖民化及土地改革研究所，该所的主要职能是向贫困人口分配土地。     

解读哈贝马斯交往行为理论

哈贝马斯由对西方资本主义社会弊病的诊断而提出交往行为理论。他寄希望于“交往理性的重建”和“话语伦理”规范的建立与贯彻,以实现一种无暴力统治的社会秩序。交往行为理论带有明显的批判性,同时又带有乌托邦色彩。研究该理论,对社会走出现代性困境有普世意义,对解决中国现代化进程中出现的问题也有重要启迪意义。