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1.
Do cover crops change the lability of phosphorus in a clayey subtropical soil under different phosphate fertilizers?
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A. P. B. Teles M. Rodrigues W. F. Bejarano Herrera A. Soltangheisi L. R. Sartor P. J. A. Withers P. S. Pavinato 《Soil Use and Management》2017,33(1):34-44
Plants have developed different mechanisms to absorb and solubilize phosphorus (P) in the soil, especially in environments with low P availability. This study evaluated the effects of different winter cover crops on soil P availability in a clayey subtropical (Hapludox) soil receiving soluble P fertilizer and a rock phosphate applied to the summer crop, under no‐tillage. The experiment was carried out over 3 yrs (2009–2011) with five different cover crop species: common vetch, fodder radish, ryegrass, black oat, white clover and fallow as control. The soil was sampled after the third year of cover crop cultivation and analysed for inorganic and organic P forms according to the well‐established Hedley fractionation procedure. Phosphate fertilizers promoted accumulation of both labile and nonlabile P pools in soil in the near surface layer, especially under rock phosphate. Fertilizer applications were not able to change P fractions in deeper layers, emphasizing that the Brazilian clayey soils are a sink of P from fertilizer and its mobility is almost nil. Although the cover crops recycled a great amount of P in tissue, in a short‐term evaluation (3 yrs) they only changed the content of moderately labile P in soil, indicating that long‐term studies are needed for more conclusive results. 相似文献
2.
经过蛋白质着色动力学的研究,发现蛋白质着色的行为遵循数学模型Y=aX^b。在pH2-6范围内,蛋白质上染料随染溶pH的下降而上升,在15-30℃温度范围内,蛋白质上染率随温度上升略有提高,当温度超过30℃时,蛋白质上染率逐渐下降。染浴中添加稀土对蛋白质有较强的促染效果,其实质是染浴中蛋白质首先对稀土高价阳离子进行结合,再通过高价阳离子对色素进吸附。 相似文献
3.
于 1998 - 2 0 0 0年选择 12个柱花草Stylosanthesguianensis新种质进行品种比较 ,结果表明 :Mineirao柱花草、GC15 81柱花草年干草产量分别为 116 5 0 0kg/hm2 和 114 2 0 0kg/hm2 ,高于热研 5号柱花草 (9831 1kg/hm2 ) 18 5 0 %和 16 16 % ;抗旱性强 ,在冬春低温干旱季节的干质量占年产量的 2 9 2 5 %和 2 9 15 % ;较抗柱花草炭疽病 ,试验期内平均病级分别为 1 6 7,1 74 ;植株越冬存活率分别为 30 83%和 4 1 6 8% ,耐寒性强 ;茎叶比为 1 0 3和 1 0 7,营养价值丰富 ,营养生长期粗蛋白含量分别为 15 36 2 %和 11 5 5 0 % ,是优良的柱花草新品种。 相似文献
4.
5.
新疆森工企业是新疆林业的重要组成部分。森工技术进步率是全面考核林业综合水平的重要指标之一。本文根据新疆森工统计资料,首次采用增长速度方程、综合要素生产率指数、总因子生产率指数三种模型测算了新疆森工技术进步贡献份额(1981年到1986年)。结果表明,新疆森工年均技术进步率在0.5%~0.522%之间,技术进步对森工总产值增长的贡献份额在34%~36%之间。 相似文献
6.
7.
N. A. Khan 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,176(5):331-334
In a field trial conducted during 1992–93 and 1993–94, the effect of basal (B) nitrogen (N) (45 and 60 kg N ha−1 ) and foliar application (F) of water (W) or 10 kg N ha−1 and 400 or 600 ppm ethrel (E) (2-Chloro ethyl phosphonic acid) at 70 days after sowing was studied on leaf area index and dry mass at 90 days and pod number per plant, seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, oil content and oil vield at harvest of mustard ( Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.) cv. T-59. Recommended basal (B) application of 90 kg N ha (BN90 ) was used as control. On the basis of 2 year data it was found that basal application of 60 kg N and foliar spray of 10 kg N ha −1 and 600 ppm ethrel gave higher values for growth and yield characteristics and enhanced seed yield and oil yield by 12.5 and 14.8%, respectively over control BN90. 相似文献
8.
Ioannis Stergiopoulos Lute-Harm Zwiers Maarten A. De Waard 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(7):719-734
This review provides an overview of members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and major facilitator superfamily (MFS) of transporters identified in filamentous fungi. The most common function of these membrane proteins is to provide protection against natural toxic compounds present in the environment of fungi, such as antibiotics produced by other microorganisms. In plant pathogenic fungi, these transporters can also be an important determinant of virulence on host plants by providing protection against plant defence compounds or mediating the secretion of host-specific toxins. Furthermore, they play a critical role in determining base-line sensitivity to fungicides and other antimycotic agents. Overexpression of some of these transporters can lead to the development of resistance to chemically-unrelated compounds, a phenomenon described as multidrug resistance (MDR). This has been observed in a variety of organisms and can impose a serious threat to the effective control of pathogenic fungi. 相似文献
9.
Effects of aqueous extracts and decomposition of Mikania micrantha H.B.K.
debris on selected agronomic crops 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effects of aqueous extract and the debris of Mile-a-Minute ( Mikania micrantha H.B.K.) on the germination and growth of four test species, viz. tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), Chinese cabbage ( Brassica chinensis L.), corn ( Zea mays L.) and long bean ( Vigna sesquipedalis L.). Germination percentage, radicle length and fresh weight of two crops, Chinese cabbage and tomato, decreased progressively when plants were exposed to increasing concentrations (12.5, 25, 37.5 and 50 g L−1 ) of aqueous extract of Mikania , but did not affect those of corn and long bean seedlings. The emergence of tomato and Chinese cabbage was greatly reduced when Mikania debris was incorporated into the soil, irrespective of the amount of debris and the decomposition period. In contrast, the emergence of corn and long bean seedlings was not affected. The application of fertilizer (NPK 15 : 15 : 15) enhanced the fresh weight of all seedlings tested as compared with those not supplied with the fertilizer. Four compounds were identified in the leaf extract of Mikania , viz. caffeic acid, p -hydroxybenzaldehyde, resorcinol and vanillic acid. 相似文献
10.
D. Sivakumar R. S. Wilson Wijeratnam M. Abeyesekere R. L. C. Wijesundera 《Phytoparasitica》2002,30(1):43-51
Botryodiplodia theobromae, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides andGliocephalotrichum microchlamydosporum are the causal fungi of the rambutan postharvest diseases stem-end rot, anthracnose and brown spot, respectively. Two different
treatments of rambutan fruits(Nephelium lappaceum) against the three pathogens were compared: potassium metabisulphite (250 ppm) or cinnamaldehyde (30 ppm), each combined withTrichoderma harzianum (TrH 40). The application of TrH 40 and potassium metabisulphite effectively controlled the incidence and severity of the
three postharvest diseases and maintained the overall quality and color of the fruit under low temperature storage at 13.5°C
and 95% r.h. for 18 days. The greatest effect of this treatment was shown onG. microchlamydosporum. Cinnamaldehyde affected the growth and germination of TrH 40, whereas potassium metabisulphite did not.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 4, 2001. 相似文献