Characteristics of Potassium-Enriched, Flue-Cured Tobacco Genotype in Potassium Absorption, Accumulation, and In-Ward Potassium Currents of Root Cortex

This study was to investigate the main traits of potassium-enriched,flue-cured tobacco genotypes related to potassium absorption,accumulation,and in-ward potassium currents of the root cortex.Hydroponic methods,K -depletion methods,and patch-clamp,whole-cell recordings were conducted to study the accumulation of dry matter and potassium in different organs,and to measure potassium absorption and dynamic and in-ward potassium currents in potassium-enriched,fluecured tobacco genotypes.The average dry weights of leaves and whole plant of potassium-enriched,flue-cured tobacco genotype ND202 were 10.20,and 14.85g,respectively,higher than JYH(8.50 and 13.11g,respectively)and NC2326(8.39 and 12.72g,respectively),when potassium concentration in the solution ranged from 0.1 to 50mmol L-1.Potassium accumulation in the leaves of ND202 was 18.6% higher than JYH and 34% higher than NC2326 when potassium concentration in the solution was superior to 0.5mmol L-1.The Vmax(the maximum velocity)of ND202 was 118.11μmol FW g-1h-1,obviously higher than that of JYH(58.87 μmol FW g-1 h-1)and NC2326(64.40μmol FW g-1 h-1).In the in-ward potassium currents,the absolute value of current density(pA/pF)of ND202 was 60,higher than that of JYH(50)and NC2326(40).Potassium concentration in leaves,Vmax and in-ward potassium currents,could be used to screen potassium-enriched,flue-cured tobacco genotypes.     

冷硝酸浸提法对表征富钾石灰性土壤有效钾的适用性研究

通过研究西北黄土区富钾石灰性土壤中钾素形态及各形态之间的关系,为"冷硝酸浸提土壤有效钾法"在富钾石灰性土壤上的适用性提供理论依据。以关中平原麦玉轮作不同秸秆还田模式多年定位试验农田土壤为供试材料,用2 mol·L-1冷硝酸浸提测定土壤有效钾,并以常规方法测得土壤钾素的其他7种组分,通过相关分析、主成分分析和通径分析,揭示上述8种组分间的关系。在麦玉轮作体系不同秸秆还田模式下,耕层土壤中各组分钾素含量均存在较大变异性,变异系数1.9%~33.8%,不同秸秆还田模式下差异不显著;冷硝酸浸提钾的含量分别约为速效钾和缓效钾含量的1.43和0.30倍,且与土壤速效钾存在极显著正相关关系(r=0.82);主成分分析表明,冷硝酸浸提钾与土壤速效钾同在第一主成分中,且均具有较高载荷;通径分析表明,冷硝酸浸提钾主要由土壤非特殊吸附钾、特殊吸附钾以及非交换性钾3种化学形态组成,其含量来自土壤交换性钾的贡献最大,与速效钾类似。冷硝酸浸提法可以作为表征石灰性富钾土壤有效钾水平的可靠方法,土壤交换性钾是土壤有效钾主要供方。