Compatibility of root growth and tuber production of potato cultivars with dynamic and static water‐saving irrigation managements

The important root characteristics of root length density (RLD) and root mass density (RMD) generally differ among irrigation managements and potato cultivars. The objective of this study was to investigate the RLD and RMD variations and their functional relationships with gross potato tuber yield for two commercial potato cultivars, Agria and Sante, under different irrigation strategies. Full irrigation and water‐saving irrigation strategies, deficit and partial root drying irrigations, were applied statically (S) and dynamically (D) based on daily crop evapotranspiration. Results showed that SPRD had significantly greater RLD (3.64 cm/cm³) and RMD (132.7 μg/cm³) than other irrigation treatments. Between the potato cultivars, Agria had significantly larger values of RLD (3.50 cm/cm³) and RMD (138.7 μg/cm³) than Sante. The functional relationship between the root growth characteristics and tuber yield showed that under water‐saving irrigations, Agria increased root mass at the expense of gross tuber yield but Sante increased root mass to maintain larger gross tuber yields. However, Agria produced more roots and gross tuber yield than Sante, and it is concluded that Agria is a more drought‐tolerant potato cultivar, which is recommended for tuber production in regions where water might be scarce. It was shown that larger root production in potatoes was associated with improved tolerance to water stress.     

基于模糊建模的混炼胶粘度测量

提出了一种在线测量混炼胶粘度的新方法．该方法以模糊建模技术为基础，综合考虑混炼过程各因素对胶料粘度的影响，建立起胶料粘度的在线测量模型．在模糊建模中，采用T-S模型描述胶料粘度变化的非线性过程，提出了一种基于相似性判别的模糊聚类算法以自动确定合适的聚类组数目，并用实数编码的遗传算法优化全局参数，从而获得了规则简化的、具有较高精度的模糊模型．根据此方法，设计了测量装置，并进行了现场试验．试验结果表明模糊模型输出与实验室测量值基本一致，平均误差较低且最大误差未超过1门尼．该方法较大地提高了橡胶混炼的生产效率，为粘度最优控制奠定了基础．     

Boundary-fitted grid in landscape modeling

Landscape modeling requires the delineation of system boundaries and interior features. Quite often, these components are complex and difficult to accurately represent. A rectangular grid is used to represent the study and adjacent non-study areas in most cases. When the non-study area occupies a large portion of the grid, computer memory is wasted, and computational time increases. An elliptical grid generator for non-orthogonal curvilinear coordinates is used to generate a boundary-fitted grid for a landscape model. In a boundary-fitted grid coordinate system, one coordinate axis follows the landscape domain boundary and is non-orthogonal to the second axis. The boundary-fitted grid uses elliptic partial differential equations to distribute grid points inside the landscape domain. Although the boundary-fitted grid follows the domain boundary, the grid pattern and point allocation remain structured. Thus, a landscape model can use a boundary-fitted grid without changing the model’s data structure or the computational scheme. In this study, a boundary-fitted grid and a raster-based grid were applied to the Everglades Landscape Fire Model. Use of the boundary-fitted grid decreased model simulation time by about one fifth and computer storage by 58% relative to the raster-based grid. Also, the linear characteristics of interior geographical features such as rivers and airboat trails were preserved by the boundary-fitted grid, but not by the raster-based grid. This preservation provided a more reasonable base map for simulating ecological processes, such as fire across heterogenous landscapes.     

金属热防护系统多层隔热材料的传热分析及参数优化

采用能量平衡方程和离散坐标法近似地建立了金属热防护系统多层隔热材料的一维稳态传热的数学模型，并利用遗传算法和纤维隔热材料的有效导热系数试验数据求解传热反问题，从而得到了模型中的纤维隔热材料的辐射衰减系数、反照率和隔热屏表面辐射发射系数。最后，由实验测得了多层隔热材料的有效导热系数，验证了采用优化参数后，多层隔热材料的传热模型的正确性。     

Matlab在经济管理中的应用

Matlab是功能强大的计算机软件，它在自动控制、机电和土木工程以及经济管理领域有着广泛的应用．我们给出了扩展的指派问题，且证明了该问题与原指派问题的最优值相同，然后利用Matlab语言，得到了指派问题的Matlab算法，对运输问题也给出了该问题的Matlab算法．计算实例表明，新的解题方法，既简易又精确．     

关于φ—变换的一点注记

Frazier和Jawerth系统地研究了分布空间的离散变换,即变换,本文讨论了f~aq,[f_p~[aq]]上的投影算子,得到了‖{sup_〔Q_b〕〔f〕}_Q‖■_p~[aq]与‖{sup_[Q_b]}Q‖■_p_[aq]的等价性以及‖f‖F_p~aq[b]与‖f‖F_p~[aq]的等价性.     

用受评者的得分给评委们评分

由评委评分确定受评者的成绩，是一种普遍方式，但其中各个评委的作用识别问题却被忽视，因而无法确切地评价所选择的评委是否都很称职。本文提出根据受评者得分的总体结果，建立识别各评委作用的反馈控制，以提高选择评委的质量。因此构造了识别各评 委作用的二次规划数学模型，既适用于简单计算平均分作为受评者得分的评分模式，又适用于剔除高低分后再计算得分的评分模式，在普遍情形下得出唯一的求解结果。并且针对模型的特殊数据结构，给出了用最小二乘法求解的显式简便计算式，可以方便求解。进而使用这一方法，作了两个具体实例分析。     

一种二元单亲演化差基因变异算法

设计了一种新的单亲遗传算法,该算法对个体和基因分别计算其适应值,并将适应值最差的基因 进行变异,从而大大提高了遗传算法的全局收敛速度。以n皇后问题为例,采用这种算法求解3000个皇 后问题所用时间平均约为55min,而求解100个皇后问题所用时间平均只有约124ms。实验表明,该算法 不仅能在短时内找到全局最优解(精确解),而且具有良好的稳定性。     

Application of Incremental Genetic RBF NN in Converter Vanadium Recover

Converter vanadium recover is a very sophisticate reaction which is diverse and non- line. From the point of view of statistics and reaction mechanism, it is difficult to build up end- point control static model. Aim at this problem, the paper puts forward a model identify method based on incremental genetic RBF neural network to build up such a model, which can perfectly resolve the problem of random selection of RBF cluster center number and sample data clustering. Furthermore, in order to ensure structure of neural network to fit with continuous incremental data set, the paper presents a method of incremental data dealing, which is applied to amend the parameters of neural network. Then the request of continuous production is satisfied. Finally the result of test shows that after adopting the algorithm, the error of result is less than before and end- point hitting ratio satisfies to ninety percent. These indicate the algorithm has the engineering practicability.     

某类高阶非线性偏微分方程组弱解的正则性

本文研究一类2k阶非线性偏微分方程组之解的正则性,没有假定通常的椭圆性条件而只假定所谓"无穷远处"的椭圆性条件,证明了解的k-1阶导数为李普希兹连续的.