Relationship between genetic instability of nm23H1 gene and clinical pathological characteristic in hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the microstatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity(LOH) of locus D17S396 on chromosome 17 and their influence on the expression of nm23H1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),which may provide experimental evidence for the mechanism of nm23H1 gene and tumor metastasis.METHODS: Techniques such as DNA extraction from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues,PCR-SSCP,ordinary silver stain were used to study MSI and LOH of locus D17S396.Envision immunohistochemistry and Leica-Qwin computer imaging techniques were used to assess the expression of nm23H1.RESULTS: ① The frequency of heredity instability of HCCs was 35.42%.The frequency of LOH in the cases with lymph node or distant organs metastasis or not and with intrahepatic metastasis or embolus of portal vein or not was significantly different (P<0.01),it was higher in stage TNM Ⅲ than that in stageⅠ and Ⅱ.Moreover,it was higher in high tendency to invasion or metastasis cases than that in the low tendency cases (P<0.01).② The expression of nm23H1 was 56.25%.It was significantly different in Edmondson grade,TNM stage and in lymph node or distant organ metastasis cases (P<0.01).The cases with high tendency of invasion or metastasis exhibited lower nm23H1 expression compared with low tendency cases (P<0.01).③ The positive rate of nm23H1 protein in LOH positive group was lower than that in LOH negative group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The results indicate that both MSI and LOH of nm23H1 gene control the development of HCC independently in different pathways.LOH inhibits the expression of nm23H1,which endows it with high aggressive and poor prognosis.Increase in the amount of nm23H1 protein expression effectively restrains the tendency to invasion or metastasis of HCCs and improves prognosis of patients.     

nm23基因的表达与皮肤鳞癌发生、发展及转移的关系

目的：观察nm23表达与皮肤鳞状细胞癌(鳞癌)发生、发展与转移的关系。方法；采用免疫组织化学及图像分析技术检测66例皮肤鳞癌、12例淋巴结转移灶、21例假上皮瘤样增生及20例正常皮肤中nm23表达情况。结果：皮肤鳞癌中nm23表达下调，但鳞癌中nm23表达与鳞癌的转移、TNM分期、病理分化程度及发病部位无关。结论：nm23基因表达下调是发生在鳞癌演进过程中的一个早期事件。nm23可能不具有抑制皮肤鳞癌转移的功能。     

氮肥水平对玉米灌浆期穗位叶光合功能的影响

本文在棕壤长期定位实验的基础上,测定了不同水平氮肥处理下灌浆期玉米（郑单958）穗位叶气体交换和叶绿素荧光等光合参数以及SPAD值。结果表明, 施用氮肥可以引起荧光诱导曲线（OJIP曲线）显著变化,其中K、 J 和 I 点的荧光强度值明显降低;施用氮肥显著提高捕获的激子将电子传递到电子传递链中QA下游的其他电子受体的概率（o）和以吸收光能为基础的性能指数（PIABS）,显著降低K点的可变荧光Fk占振幅Fo-Fj 的比例（Wk）和J点的可变荧光Fj占振幅Fo-Fp 的比例（Vj）,说明PSⅡ反应中心电子传递链综合性能以及供体侧和受体侧的电子传递能力均明显提高,并且可以看出受体侧性能的改善大于供体侧;随着施氮量的增加,PSⅠ的最大氧化还原活性I/Io呈先升后降的趋势变化,说明适量施氮可以增强P700的最大氧化还原能力,并可以显著提高叶片PSⅠ与PSⅡ两个光系统之间的协调性Ф（PSⅠ/PSⅡ）。     

Mineral Composition of Clay Fractions and Oxygen Vacancies in Silt-Sized Quartz in Soils on the Ka-Etsu Plateau,Fukui, Central Japan—Possibility of Eolian Dust Brought from Northern Asia as Parent Material of Soils

Fine- to medium-textured soils are distributed on the Early Pliocene rocks and Pleistocene sandy sediments in the Ka-Etsu plateau. The Jingaoka (JIN) soil was classified into Aluandic Andosols by WRB, and Low-humic Non-allophanic Kuroboku soils by the Fourth Committee for Soil Classification and Nomenclature of the Japanese Society of Pedology, although it was similar morphologically to Yellow-Brown Forest soils. On the other hand, the Tomitsu (TMI) and Yamamuro (YAM) soils were classified into Hyperdystri-Chromic Cambisols by WRB, and Typic Yellow-Brown Forest soils by the Fourth Committee for Soil Classification and Nomenclature based on the morphological, physical and chemical properties. These soils were influenced considerably by the Akahoya tephra, especially the JIN soil. Based on the results of clay-mineralogical analysis and the measurement of the ESR-signal intensity associated with the oxygen vacancies in fine quartz, a large part of parent materials in the soils distributed on the Ka-Etsu plateau was derived from the eolian dust which was brought with the NW winter monsoon from the Precambrian sediments in the northern part of the Asian continent during MIS 2 (24–11 thousand years ago) at the Last Glacial Maximum. The parent materials of the fine-textured JIN soil located on the highest terrace near the rocky coastline were mostly composed of eolian dust, although the influenced of the Akahoya tephra was recognized. The parent materials of the TMI soil were admixed with a small amount of autochthonous materials from the sandy coast located windward. In the YAM soil which was located on the side of a hilly area distant from the coastline, the ESR-signal intensity in fine quartz was considerably low, and the admixture of autochthonous materials was also considered since the texture of this soil was coarser than that of the JIN and TMI soils.     

532nm激光辐照对白菜幼苗维生素C含量的影响

[目的]探讨532 nm激光选育高维生素C白菜的可行性.[方法]以白菜为实验材料,采用不同功率密度(2、6、10、14和20 mW/mm2)和不同辐照时间(1、2、3、4和5 min)的Nd:YAG倍频激光对白菜种子胚进行辐照,研究激光作用方式对白菜幼苗功能叶片面积、叶绿素和维生素C含量的影响.功能叶片面积的测定:培养10 d时,取每颗白菜上最大的叶片,利用复印称重法对其面积进行测定,即将白菜叶片用激光复印机复印,沿叶片边缘剪下,准确称量其质量;用直径1.46cm的打孔器打50个纸圆片,算出单位面积纸张的质量(g/cm2),计算后得出叶面积.叶绿素含量的测定:每组取白菜叶片10 g,以2 ml磷酸缓冲溶液(50 mmoL/L,pH≈6.8)将其研磨成均质.吸取上清液40μl,注入1.5 ml的Eppendorf管中,再加入960μl的无水乙醇,置于4℃黑暗条件下30 min,然后于4℃下以1 000 r/min离心15 min.以质量分数为95%的乙醇做空白对照,利用U-2800分光光度计(日立)分别测定待测液的A665和A649,由叶绿素总量=6.10×A665+20.04×649来计算其含量.Vc含量的测定:利用库仑滴定法测定Vc含量,即在预电解后的电解池中准确加入2.0 ml样品溶液,开动搅拌器,按下库仑仪工作键进行10 mA恒电流电解,滴定终点时指示灯亮,记录电解所消耗电量,通过法拉第定律计算Vc含量.[结果]激光辐照功率为2～20 mW/mm2时,功能叶片面积和叶绿素含量与激光辐照功率、作用时间有关.适当辐照功率、短时间激光处理白菜种子对功能叶片面积表现为刺激效应,当较高功率密度激光辐照时间超过一定阈值(为4 min)时,激光处理表现出抑制效应.短时间激光处理白菜种子对叶绿紊含量表现为刺激效应,当激光辐照时间超过一定阈值(5 min)时,激光处理表现出抑制效应,其中以14 mW/mm2激光预处理白菜种子1 min的效果最佳.激光辐照功率密度为2～10 mW/mm2时,白菜Vc含量随辐照时间增加而增加;辐照功率密度为14和20 mW/mm2时,白菜Vc含量与辐照时间呈正态分布,白菜Vc含量与激光辐照能量呈正态分布.其中以2.8 J(20 mW/mm2,3 min)激光预处理白菜种子效果最佳.当辐照剂量超过一定阈值即3.8 J(20 mW/mm2,4 min)时,激光处理表现出抑制效应.[结论]适当辐照剂量的532nm激光辐照白菜种子胚,可显著提高其幼苗维生素C含量.     

施用炭基缓释肥对花生光合功能的影响

【目的】 本研究旨在通过田间定位试验,开展不同用量生物炭及炭基缓释肥对花生关键生育时期功能叶荧光动力学影响研究,探明不同条件下叶片光系统变化规律,以期为新型肥料增产机理及研制开发提供理论依据。 【方法】 定位试验始于 2011 年,试验设 5 个处理:不施肥 (CK)、单施生物炭 (C15 和 C50)、氮磷钾配施 (NPK)、炭基缓释肥 (TJHS)。C15 和 TJHS 为等碳量,NPK 和 TJHS 为等氮磷钾养分。于 2013 年花生开花下针期采集功能叶片,利用 MPEA-2 型植物效率仪进行荧光动力学曲线、光系统Ⅰ和光系统Ⅱ性能测定。 【结果】 施用炭基缓释肥引起花生叶片 OJIP 曲线中K、J 和 I 点的荧光强度降低,其中 J 点降幅最大。炭基缓释肥对提高花生功能叶电子由 Q_A 传递到 Q_B 概率的效果要好于等碳量处理,ψ_o 值增加了 6.56%;与等养分处理效果相当。炭基缓释肥对提高花生功能叶以吸收光能为基础的性能指数的效果好于等碳量或等养分处理,PI_ABS 值分别提高了 12.27%、17.62%。炭基缓释肥对降低功能叶叶绿素可变荧光 F_j 占 F_o-F_p 振幅比例 (Vj) 效果要好于等碳量或等养分处理,Vj 值分别降低了 10.26%、5.41%。炭基缓释肥对降低功能叶叶绿素可变荧光 F_k 占 F_o-F_p 振幅比例 (W_k) 效果与等碳量投入或等养分投入条件下无明显差异。施用炭基缓释肥对花生叶片光合系统Ⅰ(PSⅠ) 指标也具有明显影响,花生功能叶片 820 nm 相对吸收值 (I_t) 呈“V”型变化,且 ΔI_t 值变化较为平稳,处于逐步上升趋势;炭基缓释肥对花生功能叶的最大氧化还原活性作用要好于氮磷钾配施,ΔI/I_o 提升了 4.30%。 【结论】 施用炭基缓释肥可以引起花生营养生长阶段叶片荧光诱导曲线显著变化,具有提高叶片光合性能作用,尤其在电子传递和光能吸收方面优于生物炭或氮、磷、钾配施。      

p53、C-erbB-2、nm23基因及雌孕激素受体在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的：观察雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)和p53、C—erbB—2、nm23基因在乳腺癌组织中的表达并探讨其临床意义。方法：应用免疫组化S—P法．对96例乳腺癌组织进行了ER、PR、p53、C—erbB—2、nm23检测，结合临床表现及随访结果作统计学分析。结果：ER、PR、p53、C—erbB-2、nm23阳性表达率分别为52.1％、47．9％、46.9％、62．5％、70.8％。浸润型乳腺癌组织C—erbB-2阳性表达明显高于非浸润型(P＜0．01)；ER、PR 、p53、nm23阳性表达与病理类型无关(P＞0．05)。有淋巴结转移组P53、C—erbB-2的阳性表达率明显高于无淋巴结转移组。有淋巴结转移组nm23的阳性表达率显著低干无淋巴结转移组。差异均有非常显著性(P＜0．01)；而ER、PR的阳性表达率与淋巴结转移与否无关(P＞0．05)。ER和(或)PR、nm23阳性组乳腺癌复发率明显低于阴性组(P＜0．05)，而p53、C—erbB—2阳性组乳腺癌复发率明显高于阴性组(P＜0．05)。结论：检测乳腺癌组织中的ER、PR及p53、C—erbB-2、nm23基因对评价乳腺癌患者的预后有重要价值。     

p16和nm23在喉癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的：研究p16及nm23在喉癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法：应用免疫组化S—P法检测抑癌基因p16及nm23在53佣喉癌组织中的表达，并与喉正常黏膜组织对比，结合喉癌的临床病理特征进行分析。结果：在喉癌中p16蛋白表达的阳性率为47．2％，nm23的阳性率为52．8％；中、低分化的鳞癌（Ⅱ～Ⅲ级）组p16阳性率低于高分化鳞癌（Ⅰ级）组（P〈0．01），有淋巴结转移组p16的表达阳性率低于无淋巴结转移组（P〈0．05）；TNM分期Ⅰ～Ⅳ期肿瘤的nm23表达率高于Ⅰ期肿瘤（P〈O．01）；颈淋巴结转移组nm23表达率低于非转移组（P〈0．01）。结论：p16蛋白表达与喉癌的细胞分化程度、颈淋巴结转移有关，与临床分期、临床分型无关；nm23的表达与临床分期及颈淋巴结转移有关，与临床分型、细胞分化程度无关。两者的检测对估计喉癌的恶性度、判断预后及指导治疗有一定意义。     

532 nm激光辐照对白菜幼苗维生素C含量的影响

探讨532 nm激光选育高维生素C白菜的可行性。［方法］以白菜为实验材料,采用不同功率密度和不同辐照时间的Nd：YAG倍频激光对白菜种子胚进行辐照,研究激光作用方式对白菜幼苗功能叶片面积、叶绿素和维生素C含量的影响。［结果］激光辐照功率为2-20 mW/mm2时,功能叶片面积和叶绿素含量与激光辐照功率、作用时间有关,其中以14 mW/mm2激光预处理白菜种子1 min的效果最佳;辐照时间为1-5 min时,白菜幼苗维生素C含量与激光辐照剂量有关,其中以12 J （20 mW/mm2,3 min）激光预处理白菜种子效果最佳。［结论］适当辐照剂量的532 nm激光辐照白菜种子胚,可显著提高其幼苗维生素C含量。