浙江 江西两省矿业权流转情况与思考

矿产资源是国家的重要资源,探矿权、采矿权为国家所有。“两权”的流转应体现公平、竞争的原则,防止国有资产流失。     

不同保水处理下苏丹草光合特性研究

为了研究矿区生态修复过程中植物对不同保水措施的生理响应,以常用修复植物苏丹草为研究对象,利用CIRAS-2型(PP-Systems)光合仪测定苏丹草的光合指标,探讨高温下苏丹草对不同保水措施的生理响应,以期为矿区生态修复中的保水措施提供理论依据。结果表明：不同保水处理下苏丹草的光合速率Pn和瞬间水分利用效率WUE日变化均呈“W”型曲线,蒸腾速率Tr日变化呈“M”型曲线。苏丹草的Pn有“午休”现象存在,主要受非气孔因素的影响。影响苏丹草Pn、Tr的主要环境因子为大气CO₂浓度Ca、大气温度Tc、大气相对湿度RH。在土壤上覆盖火烧石和添加粉煤灰均显著增大了苏丹草的Pn和WUE,增强了苏丹草适应高温环境的能力。从Pn的指标来看,土壤表面覆盖火烧石处理比土壤中添加粉煤灰处理的效果好,但两者同时作用效果略低于单独用火烧石处理,原因有待进一步研究。     

贵州锰矿废渣堆场重金属污染风险评价及草本植物重金属吸收特征

为明确锰矿废渣堆场重金属污染及优势草本植物重金属吸收特征,对贵州省典型锰矿废渣堆场的重金属污染风险进行了评价,并调查研究了锰矿废渣堆场草本植物的类群及重金属吸收特征。共采集优势草本植物18种,隶属11科18属,菊科和禾本科为优势科。对18种草本植物体地上部、地下部及其生长基质中Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb和Mn 7种重金属元素进行了测定,结果显示,锰矿废渣堆场重金属污染空间变异较大,Mn污染最严重,其次是Cd,属于Mn、Cd复合型污染。计算了草本植物对7种重金属元素的富集系数、转运系数,并对18种草本植物进行了聚类分析,综合分析了草本植物重金属吸收特征,结果显示,看麦娘对Cd富集系数达22.49,对Cd有较强的富集能力;五节芒、商陆对Cr、Ni具有较强的富集能力和转运能力;风毛菊和夏枯草对锰矿废渣区多种重金属均表现出较强的富集能力和转运能力。研究结果表明,锰矿废渣堆场主要为Mn和Cd污染,矿区本土自然生长的优势草本植物可作为生态修复的首选植物。     

Wavelet Application in Algorithms of Data Mining

Wavelets have been widely applied in such research areas as image processing, computer vision, network management and data mining. Wavelets have many favorable properties, which are hierarchical and multiresolution decomposition structure, linear time and space complexity of the transformations. The paper presents wavelet application on the algorithms of data mining, in cluding as clustering, classification, distributed data mining, similarity search, approximate query processing, visualization and so on. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing the impact of wavelets on data mining research and outlining potential future research directions and applications.     

Research on Mapping Method of Customer Need Information in Product Family Improvement

Aiming at ensuring that product family improvement is based on customer needs while taking full advantage of enterprise history database, firstly, customer needs in the product family improvement are expressed. Then a method of realizing the mapping of customer needs to functional requirements is presented, which is based on quality function development and association rule mining. Finally, an example illustrates the good application of the method.     

Regression Applied in Continuous Mathematical Forecast

Data Mining can distill the connotative, unknown and potential value information or pattern from many data. It is a problem that must be settled during the developing of Decision Support System how to discover knowledge from Data Warehouse. In order to realize the continuous mathematical forecast that will be used in the Marketing Decision Support System for Industrial Enterprise, the authors use the method of regression to discuss how to design the algorithm for Data Mining, how to design the model for Data Mining, and so on. When the algorithm applied to the sales forecast, the result processing to simulation data indicates it can realize the expected effect.     

Reinforcement Treatment on the Uneven Subsidence of Foundation

There are several methods to cope with the common problem of the uneven subsidence of foundation. The reason for uneven settlement of foundation of the frame structure was analyzed in this paper. Considering the limitation of the construction site and the principle of consolidation, a feasible reinforcement measure was taken. Meanwhile, a practical construction pattern was chosen upon the comparison of the reinforcement technology analysis and the construction method. The observation of the settlement result after consolidation of the structure shows that the result of this reinforcement treatment pattern is effective.     

Adaptive Intrusion Detection System Based on Agent and Data Mining

Intrusion detection system is an essential component of network security protection mechanisms. Most intrusion detection system can not adapt the variation of network environment. Aiming at this problem, an adaptive strategy that composed of condition space and strategy space is proposed. The condition space describes the network environment and the strategy space describes the strategy. There is an exclusive strategy corresponds to a certain environment state in condition space. On the base of the adaptive strategy, an adaptive intrusion detection system based on agent and data mining is designed. The simulation experiments indicate that the adaptive strategy is effective.     

生物炭添加对矿区压实土壤水力特性的影响

中国黄土高原大型露天煤矿开采导致土壤质量下降,生物炭作为环境友好型土壤改良剂,在改善农田土壤质量中应用广泛,但在有关矿区压实土壤改良的研究中不够深入。为此,该研究通过室内试验分析不同粒径的生物炭在不同添加量下对矿区排土场压实土壤水力特性的影响。试验采用4种粒径（>1～2、>0.25～1、0.10～0.25、<0.10 mm）与4种添加量（0、4、8、16 g/kg）的生物炭,设计5种压实条件（容重分别为1.3、1.4、1.5、1.6、1.7 g/cm3）,并利用van Genuchten模型（VG模型）拟合土壤水分特征曲线。结果表明,添加生物炭后土壤水分特征曲线的相关系数均在0.960以上,标准差均小于0.015,说明VG模型适用于拟合添加生物炭后的土壤水分特征曲线。随着生物炭添加量的增加,土壤孔隙分布明显改变,形成了大量大孔隙和中孔隙,土壤的持水能力提高。在低容重（1.3、1.4 g/cm3）条件下,生物炭粒径越大（0.25～2 mm）添加量越高（8、16 g/kg）,土壤持水、保水效果越明显;在高容重（1.5、1.6、1.7 g/cm3）条件下,小粒径（<0.25 mm）和较低的生物炭添加量（4、8 g/kg）则表现出较好的持水能力。对于不同压实条件的排土场土壤,有针对性地施用生物炭,将有效提高土壤持水保水能力,提高土壤中植物的有效利用水分。     

干旱半干旱煤矿区联合接菌对土壤改良动态生态效应

针对干旱半干旱地区煤炭开采造成的生态破坏问题,利用微生物-植物-土壤的综合作用效应,可加快矿区受损生态的修复进程。为评价不同接种微生物在矿区生态修复过程中的动态作用效果,以神东矿区大柳塔采煤塌陷区的紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa L.)为研究对象,通过原位监测,研究接种不同菌根真菌、解磷细菌或同时接种不同微生物处理对不同复垦年限下紫穗槐植株生长(株高和冠幅)、菌根效应(菌根侵染率和菌丝密度)、土壤养分及性质和复垦4 a不同生长季叶片养分和抗逆性的影响规律,以确定接种不同微生物菌剂对紫穗槐生长的影响和对土壤的改良效果。结果表明,与不接种相比,接种摩西管柄囊霉(Funneliformis mosseae)、根内球囊霉(Rhizophagus intraradices)及解磷细菌(Bacillus megaterium)均能显著增加紫穗槐的株高和冠幅(P0.05),提高其生长旺盛期叶片的氮、磷和钾浓度,提高叶片氮钾的再吸收,降低叶片相对含水率,提高7-9月份叶片脯氨酸、可溶性糖的积累,显著降低土壤pH值(P0.05),提高土壤易提取球囊霉素、总提取球囊霉素、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾等指标的含量。不同接种处理对紫穗槐生长、菌根侵染率、叶片抗逆性、土壤氮磷钾养分、易提取球囊霉素和总提取球囊霉素含量的影响随着复垦时间的延长具有显著的协同作用。摩西管柄囊霉与解磷细菌同时接种在复垦4 a后仍能促进紫穗槐菌根效应的发挥,促进植物生长,提高植物的养分和抗逆性,改良土壤,在干旱半干旱煤矿区生态修复进程中具有积极作用。