观赏植物山海带水培配方的研究

以山海带(Dracaena Cambodiana)为研究对象,根据水培植物的基础配方霍格兰德配方,改良配制4种含有不同浓度的大量元素氮、磷、钾及钙的营养液,开展山海带水培营养配方筛选研究。以清水培养为对照,测定山海带的株高、叶片数和冠幅、总鲜重、地上部重、根重,筛选出经济而良好的配方,为山海带无土栽培的推广提供理论依据与方法。结果表明：4种营养液中配方A、B、C是改良的有效配方;从植株生长指标、营养液pH和EC变化等方面综合分析来看,山海带在配方C中的生长情况最好,而在配方D中长得最差,出现黄化枯死的现象     

Root exudation,organic acids,and element distribution in roots of Norway spruce seedlings treated with aluminum in hydroponics

Seedlings of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.), which had been grown under sterile conditions for three months, were treated for one week in a hydroculture system with either 500 μM AlCl₃ or 750 μM CaCl₂ solutions at pH 4. Organic acids were determined in hot‐water extracts of ground root tissue. Oxalate (3.3—6.6 μmol (g root dry weight)^—1) was most abundant. Malate, citrate, formate, acetate, and lactate concentrations ranged between 1—2 μmol (g root dry weight)^—1. Organic substances and phosphate found in the treatment solutions at the end of the experimental period were considered to be root exudates. Total root exudation within a 2‐day period ranged from 20—40 μmol C (g root weight)^—1. In root exudates, organic acids, and total carbohydrates, total amino acids, and total phenolic substances were quantified. Citrate and malate, although present in hot‐water extracts of root tissue, were not detected in root exudates. Phosphate was released from Ca‐treated plants. In Al treatments, there was indication of Al phosphate precipitation at the root surface. Oxalate and phenolics present in the exudates of Norway spruce seedlings are ligands that can form stable complexes with Al. However, concentrations of these substances in the treatment solutions were at micromolar levels. Their importance for the protection of the sensitive root apex under natural conditions is discussed.