中草药和芦荟多糖对肉鸡cAMP/cGMP与免疫功能的影响

研究了内仔鸡日粮中添加中草药添加剂和芦荟多糖对环核苷酸含量与免疫功能的影响.结果表明,中草药添加荆和芦荟多糖均能显著(P＜0.05)增加内鸡体重和肝脏重量,提高血浆和肝脏的cAMP和cGMP水平,以及血浆和肝脏的cAMP/cGMP比值.中草药添加剂加芦荟多糖提高了肉仔鸡对新城疫疫苗(NDV)的抗体水平,二免后,中草药添加荆加芦荟多糖既显著提高了内仔鸡对新城疫疫苗(NDV)的抗体水平(P＜0.05),同时还增强了肉仔鸡对NDV的免疫应答.表明中草药添加剂和芦荟多糖能提高内仔鸡的体液免疫功能,日粮中添加中草药添加荆加芦荟多糖比单独使用中草药添加剂或者芦荟多糖的效果要好,充分体现了不同的化学成分形成的协同免疫效应.     

中药免疫调节剂体外细胞毒性测定

采用形态学观察和MTT两种方法,测试了中药免疫调节剂(TJJ)在鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)和小鼠纤维母细胞(L929)体外培养中的最大安全浓度。结果表明:⑴TJJ的细胞毒性很低,对CEF和L929的最大无毒浓度分别达3.12g/L和1.56g/L;⑵两种细胞比较,L929对药物毒性的反应性较CEF更敏感;⑶两种方法比较,MTT法更灵敏、更客观;⑷在同一种细胞的不同生长状态下(形成单层前后)加入TJJ,药物对细胞的毒性结果无变化,说明药物对细胞的毒性与细胞种类有关,而与细胞的生长状态关系不明显。     

Spectrum-Effect Relationship Between High Performance Liquid Chromatography Fingerprints and Anticoccidial Activities of a Compound Chinese Medicine

Quality control and screening of active substances in traditional Chinese medicines have been performed using fingerprint analysis. The spectrum-effect relationship between chromatography fingerprints and efficacy of herbal drugs is considered as a potentially useful method for determining active ingredients in complex mixtures. The study was designed to develop a method for determining the bioactive components of a compound Chinese medicine called Tiefeng based on spectrum-effect relationships between high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprints and anticoccidial activities. Four peaks of the established HPLC fingerprint indicate the main bioactive components of this medicine. In addition, pharrnacodynamic atlas was defined and used to assess the anticoccidial activity of Tiefeng from different sources for the first time. We found that the level of anticoccidial activity of Tiefeng was consistent with the degree of similarity between the pharmacodynamic atlas and chromatogram of any sample. Furthermore, effect of this medicine was related with the main active constituents, along with the origin and the harvesting time.     

复合氨基酸、小肽及中草药饲喂鲫试验

以鲫为对象进行投饲试验，研究复合氨基酸、小肽及几种中草药对鲫在摄食方面及生长情况的影响。结果表明，0．1％复合氨基酸组和0．5％木香组的鱼明显集中抢食，15d的摄食率结果为0．1％复合氨基酸组和0．5％木香组的鱼体活力明显强于其他组，即0．1％复合氨基酸和0．5％木香组的鱼增重率和特定生长率（SGR）明显高于其他组。饲料中添加0．5％木香组比对照组增重率高18．9％，比0．1％复合氨基酸组高6．3％，表现出明显的增重作用；而0．5％动物肽纽增重可能由于添加量的不足而没体现出增重作用。     

中草药添加剂对鲁氏耶尔森菌感染虹鳟血液生化指标的影响

为研究复方中草药对鲁氏耶尔森菌(Yersinia ruckeri)感染虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)后其血液生化指标的影响,在虹鳟饲料中分别添加两种复方中草药(复方1组、复方2组),持续投喂28 d。在第28天感染鲁氏耶尔森菌,检测感染后72 h的血清生化指标,并统计各组存活率。结果显示:复方中草药组对虹鳟增重无抑制作用。添加复方中草药可提高虹鳟感染鲁氏耶尔森菌后的存活率,其中复方2组的保护效果最好。感染72 h后,复方2组总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、甘油三酯、总胆固醇含量和碱性磷酸酶活性均高于对照组。复方2组谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性低于对照组,乳酸脱氢酶活性显著低于对照组。复方1组和复方2组尿酸含量显著低于对照组。复方中草药组总胆红素、尿素氮、肌酐和血糖含量与对照组相比无显著性差异。结果表明,添加复方中草药能提高鲁氏耶尔森菌感染后虹鳟的存活率,其中复方2组的保护效果最好。     

Volatile Flavor Components and the Body Weights of Rats in the Green Tea Added Miner Ingredients

In order to change for the good flavor in green tea of middle or low grade,roast naked barley （miner ingredient） was added to it.To make tea having functional property,mixed roast naked barley-green tea with one medicinal herb （MH,miner ingredient）.This study was performed to investigate the effect of drinking extracts of naked barley-MH-green tea （A group） and adlay-Angelica gigas Nakai-green tea （B group） on the body weights of rats,and volatile flavor components of best effective extract on weight reduction.Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into six groups were fed five different green tea extracts for 8 weeks.The result obtained in the experiment indicated that the change of body weights of rats was affected by A group,B group and others.A group showed highest reduction rate of body weights （36.40％）.Reduction rate of body weights on the B group （10.10％） was much lower than A group （36.40％）.Aroma compounds were extracted by the SDE method.The concentrated aroma extracts were analyzed and identified by GC and GC-MS.The main aroma components of the green tea blended with naked barley and MH were 12 pyrazines having roasty note,methyl butanals having sweet note,hexanal having briskness greenish note,and nerolidol and3-ionone having floral note.     

中药渣用于培养灵芝菌的研究及功能成分分析

该文利用中药渣培养灵芝菌，研究灵芝菌的最适发酵条件,子实体生长条件及其生物活性成分（灵芝多糖及灵芝三萜化合物）和重金属含量。结果表明：灵芝菌固体发酵最适温度为26～28℃，培养基含水量55～60%，pH5.0～6.0，氧气充足，无需光照；子实体的适宜生长条件为：温度25～30℃，空气湿度90%左右，pH4.0～6.0,氧气充足，需要光照。分析检测了灵芝酸多糖含量，重金属含量均在安全范围内。     

真空冷冻干燥在中草药加工中的应用

介绍了中草药真空冷冻干燥的原理和干燥过程中各阶段的工艺流程；给出了控制中草药质量降解的反应模型，以及反应阶数、速度常数、模型参数的确定方法；指出真空冷冻技术应用中草药干燥能有效地避免传统干燥方法所造成的或草药性味劣变、药用有效成分损失等缺陷，并针对目前生产成本高等问题进行了探讨，分析了中草药真空冷冻干燥市场发展的前景。     

中草药添加剂对生长肥育猪横纹肌肌纤维特性及肉质的影响

 选用20 kg左右的“杜长大”三元杂交猪80头,随机分成对照组、试验组,测定添加中草药添加剂对横纹肌肌纤维特性和肉质品质的影响。结果表明,试验组的大理石纹评分比对照组提高了23.33%（P＜0.01）、肌间脂肪的含量增加了52.77%（P＜0.01）、嫩度改善了13.53%（P＜0.05）;而失水率、贮存损失分别降低了5.03%（P＜0.05）和20.35%（P＜0.05）.试验猪的肌纤维直径比对照组降低了7.98%(P＜0.05)、而密度增加了4.70%(P＜0.05).结果提示,添加中草药添加剂对肉质的改善的作用与横纹肌肌纤维直径的减少、肌间脂肪含量的增加有关。     

杉木人工林间伐后林下植被生物量的研究

对杉木人工林间伐后林下植被生物量的变化进行测算分析,结果表明,间伐以后,由于林下空间环境因子的变化,植被生物量大量增加,为对照区的3.25倍其中灌木生物量增加273.5％,由对照区占林下植被总生物量的79.78％,提高到91.75％.且灌木种类增多,并尤以层外植物较多.其生物量占灌木生物量的50.25％;草本生物量增加32.49％;林下死地被物生物量达9100kg／hm2,比对照区增加92.80％。