三轴车辆全轮转向操纵稳定性仿真分析

建立并分析了某三轴车辆全轮转向二自由度模型及其运动微分方程,分析了整车在质心零侧偏角比例控制策略下的转向中心位置以及2、3轴转角比例系数与车速的关系,分析了整车的稳态横摆角速度增益。建立了三轴车动力学仿真模型,结合控制策略对比仿真了2WS车和6WS车在不同车速下的瞬态响应。分析结果表明,采用质心零侧偏角比例控制策略有利于提高三轴车低速转向时的机动性和高速转向时的操纵稳定性。     

基于后轮主动脉冲转向的车辆稳定性分析与试验

为了提高车辆操纵稳定性,提出一种后轮主动脉冲转向控制策略,并对此做了理论分析和试验研究。基于试验Lexus车辆分析脉冲转向系统对车辆稳定性能的影响并确定最优的主动转向脉冲参数。设计了控制策略结构与算法,基于Car Sim和Simulink联合仿真分析,验证所提控制方法的有效性。基于试验Lexus车辆,安装液压脉冲转向系统并进行整车试验研究,验证后轮脉冲转向的实用性。仿真和试验结果表明:质心侧偏角和侧向加速度在峰值处分别减小了46.8%、23.5%,提高了汽车的横向稳定性;侧倾因子能控制在设定的阈值范围[-0.8,0.8],车辆侧倾角减小了25.4%,能有效改善车辆防侧翻能力,且展现出比后轮主动转向更好的控制效果。     

Visual FoxPro中错误处理技术

论述了Visual FoxPro程序设计过程中经常出现的错误,分析问题产生的原因并给出相应的解决办法.     

热带果蔬采后冷害研究进展

果蔬采后冷害机制及其防控是当前采后研究领域中倍受关注的科技问题。果蔬冷害发生是由内在因子和外部环境因素共同作用的结果。近年来,随着现代分子生物学技术的应用,并借鉴模式植物拟南芥的研究成果,果蔬采后冷害发生调控机理及防控技术研究取得一系列进展。本文综述了热带果蔬采后冷害发生的生理与分子机制和冷害防控技术的最新研究成果,关注能量代谢调控果蔬采后冷害作用,重点介绍了生物技术在防控果蔬冷害上的应用,并对今后研究方向作了展望。     

Bleeding of Farmed Atlantic Cod: Residual Blood,Color, and Quality Attributes of Pre- and Postrigor Fillets as Affected by Perimortem Stress and Different Bleeding Methods

The main objectives of the study were to (a) assess the effect of perimortem stress on blood drainage, (b) compare the efficiency of gill cutting and direct gutting as bleeding methods, and (c) compare pre- and postrigor filleting strategies for presence of residual blood in Atlantic cod fillets. Anesthetized cod had significantly higher drainage of blood compared to stressed fish. Nevertheless, the visual assessments of residual blood were not affected by stress or bleeding method. Some minor, but significant, differences between pre- and postrigor fillets were found. Stressed fish were initially less light in color than those unstressed, but after ice storage there was no noticeable difference. However, initially, the largest difference in fillet color was due to different bleeding methods. Fillets cut from fish subjected to gill cutting were lighter and less red in color than those bled by direct gutting. After 7 and 21 days of storage, the color differences observed in fresh and salted fillets, respectively, were mainly due to the different rigor status when they were filleted, indicating that fillets cut postrigor were superior to fillets cut prerigor. Prerigor filleting resulted in lower water holding capacity after ice storage in anesthetized, direct gutted cod.     

Basic handling characteristics of wood fuels: Angle of repose,friction against surfaces and tendency to bridge for different assortments

Basic handling characteristics were measured for sawdust, fuel pellets, fuel chips, hog fuel and chunkwood. The aim was to find relations between the basic handling characteristics and easily measurable fuel properties to facilitate the design of feeding systems in heating plants. The angle of repose was 25–55° and increased with the increasing ratio of particle length to thickness and with the increasing content of hooked or long particles. The angle of static friction, 10–40°, was affected more by the kind of surface than the fuel and followed the ascending order: coated plywood, urethane rubber, particle board, stainless steel, concrete and rubber belt conveyor. The tendency to bridge varied considerably and increased with greater content of hooked or long particles, a deeper fuel bed depth over the opening and a higher moisture content. The results indicate that more attention should be paid to the particle shape.     

采后操作对荔枝果实品质、失水与呼吸的影响

探讨了98℃热水处理、熏硫及结合酸浸等技术、包装方式与贮藏条件对‘黑叶’荔枝果实品质、失重与呼吸作用的影响。结果表明：热浸、熏硫结合酸浸处理可提高果皮酸度,对果肉可溶性固形物含量与酸度无影响;无包装自然放置与有孔或无孔塑料盒包装相比,无孔塑料盒包装的果实失重显著减缓;贮藏于4℃的热处理果实与对照果实有相似的失重曲线;无论包装方式与贮藏环境的温湿度如何,果实均不存在呼吸高峰;呼吸速率在贮藏初期随着果实失重的增加而下降,后期变化趋于平稳。     

油罐汽车事故分析

油罐汽车装卸油品及运输途中，事故时有发生，列举了四个典型故事宁例，并分别对其进行分析。工作人员的疏忽或误操作以及设备故障造成冒油泄漏静电放电，是导致事故发生的主要原因：“转换装油”造成的事故也应当引起足够的重视，总结指出必须使用符合技术规范和安全要求的设备，提高操作人员的安全意识，加强安全知识的学习，提高作业水平，从而杜绝油罐汽车重大事故的发生。     

A review of the effect of stresses between lifting and planting on nursery stock quality and performance

This paper presents the experimental evidence on the effects of desiccation, low and high temperatures, rough handling, root loss and storage between lifting and planting on plant quality and performance. The review concentrates on the impact of these stresses on outplanting performance; their effect on seedling properties, such as root growth potential and root electrolyte leakage, is also described. Stresses most often happen in combination but there is relatively little information on their interactions. Examples of desiccation plus rough handling, cold storage plus desiccation, frost damage plus freeze storage and the triple stress of desiccation, heating and rough handling are presented. The limited evidence on the cumulative effect of stresses suggests tentatively that damage from rough handling does not accumulate in the same way as damage from desiccation and prolonged storage. Factors affecting stress resistance are briefly reviewed.There are three impediments to producing a critical review of the literature: experimental treatments, particularly of desiccation and rough handling, can rarely be directly compared; the impact of stress treatments can be modified by a large number of factors, and the levels of stress have seldom been quantified in normal forestry practice. The first two problems also make it difficult to formulate general statements concerning critical thresholds for the stresses. However, instruments are now available for measuring and monitoring stresses between lifting and planting and it is, in theory, possible to model the effects of these stresses to take account of the many factors that modify their impact on seedling survival and growth. This offers the possibility of significant improvements in our ability to predict the effect of stresses between lifting and planting on seedling performance.