不同磷浓度对土壤吸附锌特性的影响

通过等温吸附试验,研究了不同磷浓度条件下水、旱田两种土壤吸附锌的规律,结果表明:在本试验条件下,以Freundlich方程拟合土壤对锌的吸附等温线的效果最好;不同磷浓度条件下,同一土壤的吸附等温线方程参数k和n均没有显著的变化;不同磷浓度对土壤吸附锌的量没有显著影响。因此,磷锌拮抗的原因可能不是施磷加强了土壤对锌的吸附作用。     

Adsorption isotherms of some heavy metals under conditions of their competitive adsorption onto highly calcareous soils of southern Iran

Recently, application of sewage sludge or effluents resulted in raising the concentrations of some heavy metals in some agricultural soils of Iran. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the competitive adsorption of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd) on six calcareous soils. Adsorption characteristics were evaluated by equilibration of 1 g of each soil sample with 20 ml of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, or 200 mg L^?1 of their nitrate solutions and 0.01 M NaNO₃ as background electrolyte. Furthermore, solid/liquid distribution coefficients (K_d) of studied metals, as an index of soil capacity to resist a change of the soil solution concentration, were calculated. Results indicated that amounts of adsorbed Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd increased with increase in their concentrations in the contact solutions, but this trend was more pronounced for Pb and Cu than the others. For all studied soils and metals, Langmuir equation described the adsorption behavior fairly well. Furthermore, Langmuir and Freundlich equation parameters were positively correlated to cation exchange capacity (CEC) and smectite contents; whereas, they were negatively correlated to sand content. Considering K_d values, the selectivity sequence of the metal adsorption was Pb > Cu > Zn > Cd. Therefore, the risk of leaching and also plant uptake of Zn and Cd will be higher as compared to those of the other elements.