Transient hyperammonemia due to urea cycle enzyme deficiency in Irish wolfhounds

BACKGROUND: Irish Wolfhounds frequently have a congenital portosystemic shunt, but a considerable proportion of the 6- to 8-wk-old pups has hyperammonemia in the absence of portosystemic shunting. This hyperammonemia causes no signs and is transient, normalizing at the age of 3-4 months. HYPOTHESIS: Transient hyperammonemia has a metabolic basis in Irish Wolfhounds. ANIMALS: Two related (same sire) litters of Irish Wolfhounds (17 pups) and their parents were studied. METHODS: Integrity of the portal circulation was examined by ultrasonography and scintigraphy. Absence of parenchymal liver disease was verified by liver biopsy. Amino acid profiles were measured in 4 pups and repeated in 2 of these pups when ammonia concentrations had normalized. The amino acid profiles were compared with those of healthy Irish Wolfhound pups. RESULTS: Fasting venous ammonia concentrations were high (113-622 microg/dL, 65-345 micromol/L) in all pups, whereas bile acids were within reference range in all but 1. The ammonia and bile acid concentrations from all parents were within reference range. Portosystemic shunting was excluded in all but 1 pup. Liver biopsy excluded significant lesions in all 10 pups examined. Hypercitrullinemia was found and persisted even when ammonia had normalized, at the expense of an increase in glutamine and asparagine. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Citrulline concentrations are controlled by the urea cycle enzymes argininosuccinase and argininosuccinate synthetase, and a defect in either of these enzymes may be responsible for the transient hyperammonemia in Irish Wolfhounds. Resolution of the hyperammonemia is associated with increased activity of alternative metabolic pathways forming glutamine and asparagine. Confirmation requires measurement of enzyme activities in liver tissue.     

Laryngeal dysplasia: Computed tomographic findings in an Oldenburg mare

A 5-year-old Oldenburg mare presented for poor performance, head-tossing and bucking when ridden. An abnormal respiratory noise was audible during exercise. Computed tomography (CT) revealed right laryngeal dysplasia; an absent cricothyroid articulation, abnormally shaped thyroid cartilage, underdeveloped cricopharyngeus muscle, rostral displacement of the palatopharyngeal arch and an oesophageal air column. In this case, it was unlikely that the laryngeal pathology was related to the horse's clinical signs. This case report provides a reference CT examination of laryngeal dysplasia, corroborating previous findings using magnetic resonance imaging, radiography, ultrasonography and post-mortem examination.     

Detecting Technology of Cabel Surface Defect Based on DSP and Image Recognition

The damage of bridge cable directly hazards the normal use of bridge and the safety of people. The paper discussed the signal acquisition and detection system which takes embedded DSP processor as core technology, combined with CCD, video decode chip, SDRAM, FLASH ROM, and established the fast measuring algorithm of the surface corrosion and damage, which includes deteminating the processing region, improving medium filter, sobel edge detection and dynamic threshold segment, close operation of morphology, computing defect area and saving. The experimental resuits show that this method implemented the real-time, non-contact and intelligence detecting of cable surface defect and gives the specifications of the system.     

转座子mini-Tn10介导的运动突变对溶藻弧菌毒力的影响

采用转座子mini-Tn10/Km构建了致病性溶藻弧菌的突变库,采用半固体双层平板初筛到73株运动缺陷突变株,初筛的突变株纯化及重复筛选后获得运动性缺陷表型稳定的突变株ND-01MM,Southern鉴定确定其为单位点插入。野生型菌株ND-01和运动缺陷突变株ND-01MM对致病性溶藻弧菌的天然宿主大黄鱼粘液的趋化、粘附以及在大黄鱼吞噬细胞内存活能力等生理功能的比较研究发现,溶藻弧菌运动缺陷后趋化及粘附能力均极显著下降(P<0.01),但在吞噬细胞内的存活能力则与野生型菌株差异不显著(P>0.05)。采用腹腔注射和浸泡两种方式感染大黄鱼,结果发现运动缺陷对浸泡感染的影响较为明显,但对腹腔注射的感染方式影响不大。     

基于机器视觉的马铃薯自动分级与缺陷检测系统设计

针对现有的马铃薯分级和检测需要大量的人力物力、检测效率不高,设计了基于机器视觉的马铃薯自动分级与缺陷检测系统.工作时,自动分级系统对大量马铃薯进行快速表皮去泥和分级工作,得到3种规格的马铃薯并逐个运输到缺陷检测系统进行马铃薯缺陷的识别检测;通过多种图像处理算法对比分析,以平均值法灰度化、中值滤波处理、大津法分割等方法得...     

基于机器视觉的半干枣病害和裂纹识别研究

研究提出了一种基于机器视觉的病害和裂纹的识别方法。在H分量图中,依据半干枣在病害和非病害区域色调值差异提取病害区域,以提取的病害区域与枣表面积的比作为阈值确定较高的病害面积识别精度,可正确识别的感兴趣病害面积为16.87mm2,占枣投影面积的3.3%。为进一步提高在该病害面积识别精度的正确率,依据已确定的病害面积比阈值,将病害面积比值二值化,结合红枣区域颜色特征值H的均值和均方差,用SVM方法建立枣病害的识别模型,训练集和测试集的识别正确率分别为9 5.7 7%和9 5.7 9%。在I分量图中,对红枣区域进行Otsu’s阈值分割、图像局部属性统计和形态学处理,提取裂纹二值图像,依据裂纹图像不变距方法建立裂纹识别模型,训练集和测试集的识别正确率分别为94.90%和94.55%。     

落叶松规格材目测分等的研究

依照GB 50005-2003《木结构设计规范》规格材目测分等规则,对3种尺寸的兴安落叶松规格材进行目测分等,并分析降等缺陷。结果表明:不同尺寸规格材的等级比例不同;节子、轮裂/干裂和漏刨是规格材主要的降等缺陷。建议优化落叶松规格材加工方法,进一步完善干燥工艺,减少裂纹等缺陷,提高规格材加工质量和使用价值。     

轻型木结构锯材用原木标准的制订

通过对我国原木生产实际状况的调研及参考国内外相关标准和技术资料,阐述了木材缺陷对规格材力学性能的影响,并据此对轻型木结构锯材用原木缺陷的技术指标进行了规定,同时介绍了该标准的制定方法。     

一种基于混合纹理特征的木板材表面缺陷检测方法

利用计算机视觉技术检测木板材表面缺陷。提出了一种基于混合纹理特征的表面缺陷检测算法,能准确、鲁棒地检测出木板材表面图像中是否有缺陷。首先,分别使用灰度共生矩阵方法、Gabor滤波方法和几何不变矩方法提取了10个优化后的图像纹理及尺度、平移、旋转不变特征;然后,对特征向量进行有效组合;最后,基于融合后的混合纹理特征向量,应用BP人工神经网络对样本集进行训练和检测。实验表明,该方法能准确地对木板材表面缺陷进行检测,平均检测成功率达96.2%。     

基于掩模及亮度校正算法的脐橙表面缺陷分割

【目的】 本研究旨在有效解决果皮有缺陷的水果图像在去除背景时部分缺陷被误分割为背景,以及水果表面缺陷难以有效分割提取的问题。【方法】 以I分量图来构建掩模模板,根据其灰度直方图信息,通过双峰法选择单一阈值（T=75）分以纽荷尔脐橙为研究对象,提出基于HSI颜色空间模型法去除背景割背景并填充孔洞得到掩模模板I_mask,然后掩模模板I_mask与I分量图通过点乘运算得到去除背景的I分量图;提出基于多尺度高斯函数图像亮度校正算法对去除背景后的I分量图像进行亮度校正,通过构建多尺度高斯函数滤波器,将去除背景后的I分量图与构建的多尺度高斯函数进行卷积运算即得到去除背景后的I分量图像表面光照分量图,最后将去除背景后的I分量图与得到的光照分量图进行点除运算即得到去除背景后的I分量图像亮度校正图;然后采用单一全局阈值法对脐橙表面缺陷进行提取。【结果】 基于HSI颜色空间模型法去除背景,可在有效去除背景的同时完好保留脐橙的表面信息,有利于后续操作;基于多尺度高斯函数的图像亮度校正算法分别对6种常见脐橙缺陷进行图像亮度校正后采用单阈值法提取缺陷,使不同灰度等级的脐橙表面缺陷一次性分割成功,其中分割率最高为100%,最低为88.5%,整体达92.7%。通过试验分析后发现造成部分误分割或漏分割的原因主要在于部分缺陷果缺陷处颜色较轻,与正常区域灰度差较小,从而造成漏分割;还有部分缺陷果由于缺陷面积小,在图像形态学处理过程被误认为是噪声而被去除;同时发现正常果的误判率也达到了10.8%,经分析发现误判的正常果表皮组织区域的褶皱位于图像的边缘区域,从而被误认为是边缘区域的缺陷,导致误判。【结论】 基于HSI颜色空间模型法去除背景及基于多尺度高斯函数的图像亮度不均校正算法对纽荷尔脐橙图像背景分割和去除背景后的I分量图像表面亮度校正均取得了较好的效果,能有效识别脐橙缺陷区域,为脐橙精确分级提供了技术支持,也为其他果品表面缺陷快速检测提供了一种新思路。