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污泥农用对药用植物紫花茉莉品质和土壤环境的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
利用广州市大坦沙污水处理厂的脱水污泥进行堆肥,将污泥堆肥用于药用植物紫花茉莉栽培,研究污泥的农用对药用植物生长、药用品质以及土壤养分和主要重金属等土壤环境的影响。结果表明,污泥堆肥不同用量处理与对照相比,紫花茉莉的株高增加了6.7%~20%,茎围增加了16%~36%,块根干物量增加了9.6%~28%,茎叶干物量增加了19%~37%。污泥的农用使紫花茉莉植株增加了Zn、Ca的累积,显著地提高了紫花茉莉块根的药用功能,不同处理土壤Zn含量比对照增加了14%~86%。土壤Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni含量却没有明显变化。 相似文献
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蘑菇渣对落叶Cp-S316堆肥养分变化的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以落叶Cp-S316、蘑菇渣和鸡粪为原料,在自制的堆肥反应器内,采用问歇式强制通风的方式,进行为期50d的堆肥试验。试验设不添加蘑菇渣(处理I)和添加蘑菇渣(处理Ⅱ)两个处理,研究添加蘑菇渣对落叶Cp-S316堆肥过程中养分变化的影响,分析了堆肥过程中温度、pH、EC、NH4^+-N、NO3^--N、有机质、挥发性固体、总氮、总磷和总钾的变化。结果表明,在通风量为0.20m^3·h^-1通风时间为20min·h^—1的条件下,处理Ⅰ(不添加蘑菇渣)和处理Ⅱ(添加蘑菇渣)分别在堆肥45h和35h后达到50℃以上的高温,并且分别保持50℃以上72h和96h;添加蘑菇渣可以减少氮的损失,促进钾含量的增加,增加堆肥硝态氮的含量,降低堆肥的电导率,加快堆肥腐熟;对落叶Cp-S316堆肥过程中有机质、总磷、pH和C/N的影响不大。因此,添加蘑菇渣可以加快落叶Cp-S316堆肥腐熟,提高堆肥的质量。 相似文献
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Guido?MarchiEmail author Carlo?Viti Luciana?Giovannetti Giuseppe?Surico 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2005,112(2):101-112
Mixtures of wet vegetable wastes (Brassica, carrot or onion) and dry onion waste were composted at 50 °C for 7 days. The incorporation of the raw or composted vegetable waste mixtures into sandy loam, silt and peat soils reduced the viability of sclerotia of S. cepivorum in glasshouse pot bioassays. The reduction in viability was dependent on waste type, rate of incorporation, duration of exposure and soil type. Onion waste was the most effective waste type in reducing sclerotia viability in all three soils. The Brassica and carrot wastes were as effective as the onion waste in silt soil but less effective in sandy loam and peat soil. A 50% w/w incorporation rate of the wastes gave the largest reduction in viability, with an increase in reduction over time. Composted onion waste reduced sclerotia viability under glasshouse and field conditions although the effect was smaller in the field. Composted onion waste incorporated into soil at 50% w/w reduced the incidence of Allium white rot on onion seedlings in glasshouse pot tests. Incidence and control of the disease differed with soil type. The most consistent control was achieved in peat soil whereas no control was observed in silt soil. Incorporation of the waste 2 months prior to sowing or transplanting reduced seedling emergence in sandy loam soil and growth in all three soil types. The potential for field application of composted vegetable wastes as a sustainable method for control of Allium white rot and waste disposal is discussed. 相似文献
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将生活垃圾堆肥通过筛分的方式分为5个粒径等级,并与土壤混合成为草坪组配基质,研究了不同粒径生活垃圾堆肥组配基质的特征及其对黑麦草的生态作用.结果表明:不同粒径堆肥加入土壤中,可显著地改善组配基质的理化性质,提高肥力,不同组配基质的重金属含量存在明显差异.组配基质能有效地提供养分,促进光合,加速草坪植物生长,改善草坪植物色泽,尤其以基质1和基质2的效果最佳.在整个生长期内,基质1和基质2建植草坪的植物地上生物量分别是对照的153.49%和150.77%,地下生物量分别是对照的222.16%和211.34%;叶绿素含量分别是对照的149.06%和133.02%. 相似文献
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为明确微生物菌剂对设施废弃秸秆参与原位堆肥的影响,以辣椒秸秆为研究对象,利用实验室常规化学分析方法,测定堆肥理化性质,并通过16srDNA高通量测序技术分析堆肥过程细菌群落。结果表明:外源微生物菌剂可显著提高堆肥期间土壤温度,提高电导率值,促进总氮的固定,有效减少堆肥中期氮素损失。不同发酵时期细菌优势菌种不同,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和异常球菌-栖热菌门(Deinococcus-Thermus)是辣椒秸秆原位堆肥过程在门水平优势细菌。克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella),芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus),不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)和假单孢菌属(Pseudomonas)是属水平优势细菌。微生物菌剂对细菌群落结构的影响主要体现在堆肥升温期和降温期。添加300kg/hm2微生物菌剂处理堆肥最高温度比对照提高1.95℃,和堆肥前相... 相似文献
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Potato absorption and phytoavailability of Cd,Ni, Cu,Zn and Pb in sierozem soils amended with municipal sludge compost 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Effects of sludge utilization on the mobility and phytoavailability of heavy metals in soil-plant systems have attracted broad attention in recent years. In this study, we analyzed the effects of municipal sludge compost(MSC) on the solubility and plant uptake of Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in a soil-potato system to explore the mobility, potato plant uptake and enrichment of these five heavy metals in sierozem soils amended with MSC through a potato cultivation trial in Lanzhou University of China in 2014. Ridge regression analysis was conducted to investigate the phytoavailability of heavy metals in amended soils. Furthermore, CaCl_2, CH_3 COONH_4, CH_3COOH, diethylene triamine pentacetic acid(DTPA) and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA) were used to extract the labile fraction of heavy metals from the amended soils. The results show that the MSC could not only improve the fertility but also increase the dissolved organic carbon(DOC) content of sierozem soils. The total concentrations and labile fraction proportions of heavy metals increase with increasing MSC percentage in sierozem soils. In amended soils, Cd has the highest solubility and mobility while Ni has the lowest solubility and mobility among the five heavy metals. The MSC increases the concentrations of heavy metals in the root, stem, peel and tuber of the potato plant, with the concentrations being much higher in the stem and root than in the peel and tuber. Among the five heavy metals, the bioconcentration factor value of Cd is the highest, while that of Ni is the lowest. The complexing agent(DTPA and EDTA) extractable fractions of heavy metals are the highest in terms of phytoavailability. Soil properties(including organic matter, p H and DOC) have important impacts on the phytoavailability of heavy metals. Our results suggest that in soil-potato systems, although the MSC may improve soil fertility, it can also increase the risk of soils exposed to heavy metals. 相似文献