不同播期和密度对苦苣产量和品质的影响

就播期和密度对苦苣(Cichorium endivia L.)植物学性状、产量以及品质的影响进行了研究.结果表明,苦苣在佛山地区10月下旬至11月中旬进行播种最为适宜,表现为产量高,品质好.其中处理C(11月12日播种)产量最高,达47 086.4 kg/hm2,与其他播期产量差异达极显著水平(P≤0.01);适宜的密度为10 cm×10 cm,产量达79 133.3 kg/hm2,产品爽脆度提高,苦味下降,口感变好.适当密植有利于提高苦苣产量和品质.     

Effect of different levels of nitrogen in nutrient solution and crop system on nitrate accumulation in endive

With the objective of studying the effect of two nutrient solutions and two crop systems (greenhouse and openfield) on nitrate accumulation, incidence of tipburn and chlorophyll content, endive (cv. Cuartana) was planted in 8 L pots, filled with a mixture of coconut coir:perlite (1:1) in three different cycles C1 (winter), C2 (spring) and C3 (summer). Plants were irrigated with two nutrient solutions of different nitrate content: S1, low ([NO^?₃] = 7.91 mmol L^?1) and S2 moderate nitrate content ([NO^?₃] = 16.91 mmol L^?1). Nitrate content was determined by reflectometry, tipburn was evaluated using a qualitative scale and chlorophyll content by soil plant analysis development(SPAD) values. Plants irrigated with S2 showed higher nitrate accumulation in leaves in all cycles, however, no influence of the nutrient solution was observed on the incidence of tipburn. Greenhouse-cultivated plants accumulated more nitrates than those cultivated in open field and also showed a higher incidence of tipburn and SPAD values.     

黄瓜菊苣假单胞菌叶斑病内生拮抗细菌的鉴定及促生作用

从湖南、云南、海南等地采集的健康黄瓜植株中分离得到189株内生细菌,从中筛选的内生细菌Y–10对黄瓜叶斑病病原菌菊苣假单胞菌(Pseudonwnas cichorii)的抑菌半径达16 mm,拮抗效果最好,经形态学、生理生化特性及16S rDNA和rpo A双基因联合建树分析,被鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus substilis)。分别用4×10⁹、4×10⁸、4×10⁷、4×10⁶、4×10⁵ cfu/mL的Y–10菌液浸黄瓜种子和4×10⁹、4×10⁸、4×10⁷、2×10⁷、4×10⁶ cfu/mL的菌液灌根处理黄瓜盆栽幼苗,以无菌水浸种和灌根处理作为空白对照。结果显示,Y–10菌液4×10⁷ cfu/mL处理的种子发芽率较空白对照提高了6.01%,菌液4×10⁹ cfu/mL处理的种子几乎不萌发;黄瓜幼苗的根长、...     

Nitrogen efficiency in hydroponic chicory

An experiment was conducted to develop a model of vegetative growth based on the nitrate concentrations in nutrient solutions using the nutrient film technique and to determine the best cultivar for each concentration. The chicory cultivars (“Pão de Açúcar,” “Folha Larga,” “Precoce de Trieste” and “Catalonha”) and the subplots corresponded to different nitrate concentrations (6.68, 10.0, 13.32 and 16.64 mmol L^?1). There was an interaction between the evaluated factors, such that there was no similarity in the response of the chicory cultivars to the N concentrations in the nutrient solution. The most productive chicory cultivar was “Pão de Açúcar,” which exhibited 10.5% higher productivity than the average, and the least productive was “Folha Larga,” which showed approximately 8.5% lower productivity than the average.