日本落叶松在四川引种栽培的初步研究

报道了日本落叶松在四川20多年来的引种。栽培试验结果,证明引种是成功的。并进一步探讨了日本落叶松在四川各地的引种效果和树种生态适应性,提出了按四川自然地理分区和森林分区为基础的引种适生区划分标准。综合分析认为日本落叶松应成为四川省中山地带和高山峡谷区低海拔地带主要速生丰产造林树种之一。     

防风草在梅州地区的适应性栽培试验初报

防风草具有很好的医药治疗效果,全草含生物碱、黄酮甙、酚类等物质,具祛风除湿解毒之功效,主治感冒发热,腹痛呕吐,筋骨疼痛等。作为制药原材料发展种植前景广阔,而在梅州地区尚无防风草的栽培、开发与利用的相关报道。本试验以多种栽培模式进行适应性栽培,旨在研究梅州地区防风草的适应性情况,为梅州发展多种经济、充分利用丰富的山地资源、增加农民收入提供技术参考。     

Oxidative stress drives divergent evolution of the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) gene family in mammals

The molecular basis for adaptations to extreme environments can now be understood by interrogating the ever-increasing number of sequenced genomes. Mammals such as cetaceans, bats, and highland species can protect themselves from oxidative stress, a disruption in the balance of reactive oxygen species, which results in oxidative injury and cell damage. Here, we consider the evolution of the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) family of antioxidant enzymes by interrogating publicly available genome data from 70 mammalian species from all major clades. We identified 8 GPX subclasses ubiquitous to all mammalian groups. Mammalian GPX gene families resolved into the GPX4/7/8 and GPX1/2/3/5/6 groups and are characterized by several instances of gene duplication and loss, indicating a dynamic process of gene birth and death in mammals. Seven of the eight GPX subfamilies (all but GPX7) were under positive selection, with the residues under selection located at or close to active sites or at the dimer interface. We also reveal evidence of a correlation between ecological niches (e.g. high oxidative stress) and the divergent selection and gene copy number of GPX subclasses. Notably, a convergent expansion of GPX1 was observed in several independent lineages of mammals under oxidative stress and may be important for avoiding oxidative damage. Collectively, this study suggests that the GPX gene family has shaped the adaption of mammals to stressful environments.     

双向电液比例张力绞车的直接自适应鲁棒控制

设计了基于比例溢流阀调压回路的双向电液比例张力绞车,并进行了理论分析。针对液压系统的不确定性因素以及卷绕机构参数变化对张力控制的影响,提出了直接自适应鲁棒电液张力控制方法,并用张力负载模拟试验系统进行了研究。理论分析与试验均表明,对于具有不确定性因素的张力跟踪控制,所设计的电液张力绞车及其控制策略,具有良好的控制性能。     

Saturation and Parameter Variation Influence Precision of Observer

The authors analyze the influence in vector controlled induction machine caused by parameter variation and main flux saturation affects speed estimation of adaptive state observer. According to simulation of the modified scheme with saturated induction motor model, it is proved that when the vector control scheme operates in field weakening region, the main flux saturation will obviously influence precision of speed observer and bring great error of speed estimation. Thereby, the main flux saturation should be compensated to improve performance of the vector control system.     

A Method of Adaptive Fuzzy Classfication on Rockmass Blast Ability

This paper presents a series of targets which are usefull for engineering.The paper also presents an adaptive weight function according to the fail mechanism of rockmass and a fuzzy aynthetic evaluation medel on rockmass blast ability.The model is applied to evaluate the blast ability of rockmass in an engineering and the result shows that the model is effective.     

实现农机技术培训的现实途径

提出了与时俱进、因事而立、以人为本的农机技术培训适应性原则，以及认真调查、制定规划、编好教材、选好基地、搞好“四结合”、静态培训与动态培训相结合、“长线”与“短线”相结合的新形势农机技术培训的现实途径。     

基于含水率变化的气体射流冲击干燥过程温度自适应控制系统

为了给变温干燥工艺提供新的技术支持,实现基于含水率变化的干燥温度自适应控制,该研究设计了具有物料含水率在线检测功能的温度自适应控制系统。采用卷积神经网络建立了以质量检测值、气流冲击速度、称重传感器弹性基体温度、气流冲击距离为输入,物料真实质量为输出的含水率在线检测模型。进行了含水率在线检测模型验证试验。结果表明,该模型满足变温干燥工艺中含水率在线检测的精度要求,5组含水率在线检测模型验证试验的决定系数R²和均方根误差RMSE依次为0.9934和1.20%。该文设计了改进神经网络-PID（improved neural network-PID,INN-PID）控制器来实现变温干燥工艺中的温度控制。在MATLAB软件中以单位阶跃信号为输入对PID、神经网络-PID（neural network-PID,NN-PID）和INN-PID控制器的动态性能进行仿真。对3种控制器分别进行了50~55 ℃的干燥温度控制试验。结果表明,在仿真试验中,INN-PID控制器的控制稳定性和调节时间均显著优于另外两种控制器;干燥温度控制试验结果与仿真结果存在近似相同的规律,INN-PID控制器的峰值时间是208.00 s,调节时间是120.59 s,最大超调量是4.87 %,满足变温干燥过程中温度控制的要求。该研究在气体射流冲击干燥机中搭建了温度自适应控制系统,进行了基于含水率变化的温度自适应控制试验。结果表明,该系统可以对基于含水率变化的变温干燥工艺中的干燥温度进行快速且有效的调节。该研究对提高干燥设备的自动化水平以及开发新的变温干燥工艺具有重要意义,对其他领域的多信息融合检测和控制策略研究提供参考。     

美国杏李不同栽培模式适应性评价

本文通过对不同品种不同栽培模式美国杏李生长和林地土壤含水量动态变化分析表明:栽培模式3抗旱性好,在研究地可广泛应用;栽培模式2在研究地比较适合在有一定灌溉条件的地区应用;栽培模式1抗旱性适中,可在研究地土壤水分条件尚好的地区应用;栽培模式5可在研究地土壤水分条件尚好的地区控制应用;栽培模式4在研究地不宜采用。