高效液相色谱——串联质谱法快速测定腐竹中2种工业染料

建立腐竹中碱性橙Ⅱ、碱性嫩黄O的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)测定方法。试样用乙酸铵混合溶液提取,经固相萃取小柱净化,氮气吹干后用溶解待测。采用LC-MS/MS测定,色谱柱为C18反相色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液,电喷雾正离子模式电离,多反应选择离子检测(MRM),基质曲线外标法定量。结果表明方法可用于腐竹中碱性橙Ⅱ、碱性嫩黄O的同时测定。     

Alfalfa, rice by-products and their incorporation for weed control in rice

Two alfalfa varieties, namely Rasen and Yuba , and rice by-products of Koshihikari ( Oryza sativa L. cv. Japonica ), including hull and bran were used for weed control in rice. Rasen and Yuba were sequentially evaluated to have the strongest allelopathic potential among eight common alfalfa varieties in Japan. Rasen , Yuba and rice by-products in a laboratory experiment exhibited suppression of emergence of lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.), barnyardgrass ( Echinochloa oryzicola Vasing.), and monochoria ( Monochoria vaginalis Presl var. plantaginea Solms-Laub.). In a paddy field experiment, at 15 days after application, a dose of 1 ton ha⁻¹ of alfalfa, rice by-products and the incorporated alfalfa-rice by-products significantly inhibited weed growth and reduced weed species, except for rice bran. However, at 40 days after application, the greatest weed control was sequentially recorded with Yuba (95.2%), Rasen (90.5%) and the incorporated Rasen -hull (88.3%). Rice hull exhibited stronger (51.7%) weed control than the negligible weed control of rice bran (25.1%). Inhibition of both Rasen and Yuba on weed emergence after application became more vigorous, whereas those of rice by-products were gradually devitalized. Rasen had a maximum increase of rice yield (80.6%) compared to the control and it was slightly higher (9.6%) than the herbicide treatment. Findings showed that Rasen was the most promising material for weed control among those studied. Results denoted that weed control capability of allelopathic materials had an impetuous effect on rice growth and yield.     

提高腐竹筋力的工艺优化

[目的]研究腐竹生产的工艺条件对腐竹筋力的影响。[方法]精选5个大豆品种,探讨大豆各组成含量与腐竹筋力的关系;选取腐竹提膜温度、浆液pH值、煮沸时间、浆液浓度4个主要影响因素为研究对象,腐竹膜拉伸力为考察目标,通过单因素试验和正交分析确定腐竹生产的优化工艺参数。[结果]东农42大豆品种蛋白质含量最高、脂肪含量最低,生产的腐竹膜拉伸力最大,达0.726 N。4个主要因素对腐竹筋力影响由大到小的顺序为：浆液浓度、浆液pH值、腐竹提膜温度、浆液煮沸时间。在煮沸时间3 min、腐竹提膜温度90℃、浆液pH值7.5、浆液浓度6%的工艺条件下,生产的腐竹膜拉伸力最大,为0.743 N。[结论]优选出的最佳工艺条件可以增强腐竹的筋力,改善腐竹的口感,为企业生产安全优质腐竹提供了技术支持。     

腐竹感官评定预测模型的建立

测定了20个大豆品种的理化指标及其制成腐竹的相关品质指标,采用相关分析及逐步回归分析方法,分析了腐竹感官评定指标与仪器测定值之间的相关关系,建立腐竹感官评定预测模型.结果表明:腐竹的亮度参数L*及机械特性(抗拉强度、延伸率)与多项感官评价结果呈显著相关关系.L*与色泽、气味、综合得分呈显著正相关,与揭膜速度呈显著负相关...     

不同豆浆浓度和浆液深度对腐竹生产的影响

通过水浴加热方法研究了豆浆浓度和浆液深度对腐竹产率和成膜速度的影响。结果表明：在豆浆浓度小于5.5%时,腐竹的产率和成膜速度随着豆浆浓度的增加而增加,当豆浆浓度大于5.5%时,腐竹的产率和成膜速度反而随着豆浆浓度增加而降低,同时腐竹的品质也有所下降。控制豆浆浓度为5.5%,腐竹的产率随浆液深度的增加而增大,成膜速度随浆液深度增加而减小,浆液深度在5 cm左右时,腐竹的品质较好。     

正交试验优化全子叶腐竹生产工艺

[目的]优化全子叶腐竹生产工艺。[方法]通过超微粉碎的方法来制作全子叶腐竹,并通过单因素试验法和正交试验考察了豆水比、煮浆时间、p H、均质压力和揭膜温度对全子叶腐竹色差、得率和机械性能的影响,并进行极差分析。[结果]试验确定出全子叶腐竹最佳工艺条件为豆水比1∶8、煮浆时间15 min、p H 8.0、均质压力50 MPa和揭膜温度85℃。在此工艺条件下可使生产的全子叶腐竹得率达到60.03%,亮度65.23,拉伸强度2.26 MPa,延伸率12.01%。对此腐竹进行品质分析,各项结果均符合国家相应标准。[结论]研究可为豆类产品的开发提供基础。