生长调节剂对黄绿蜜环菌菌丝生长的影响

选用三十烷醇(triacontanol)和肌醇(inositol)两种生长调节剂对黄绿蜜环菌(Armillaria luteo-virens)菌丝生长的影响进行研究。结果表明:三十烷醇和肌醇对菌丝生长都有较明显的影响,但肌醇效果不如三十烷醇。在培养基中添加1.5ⅹ10-7mg.mL-1三十烷醇,可明显提高菌丝生长速度,缩短培养周期。     

Influence of synthetic plant growth substances on the survivorship and developmental parameters of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Spilarctia obliqua</Emphasis> Walker (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

The nontarget effects of three plant growth stimulants (gibberellic acid, Siapton and triacontanol) and two plant growth retardants (chlormequat chloride and mepiquat chloride) on the survivorship and developmental parameters of Spilarctia obliqua Walker (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) were studied. For each compound, various concentrations (0.125×, 0.25×, 0.5×, × , 2× and 4×; × = labeled dose) bracketing the labeled dose were prepared by serial dilution and mixed with an artificial diet for the insect. Gibberellic acid caused an increase in the larval period at × − 4×, but no marked difference was observed in the pupal period or in larval survival at any concentration. Siapton induced a significant increase in larval period at the two highest doses but caused significant reduction in pest survival at × − 4×. Interestingly, triacontanol induced a significant reduction in pest survivorship at almost all doses. The LC₅₀ for triacontanol was 0.206% and LT₅₀ was 266.5 hours at the labeled dose. However, triacontanol did not cause any significant difference in larval or pupal periods at any dose tested. Chlormequat chloride and mepiquat chloride caused significant reduction of larval survivorship at concentrations higher than the labeled doses, and no effect on the larval period. Intriguingly, a significant reduction in pupal period was observed with chlormequat chloride at × and 0.25×. Based on the marked effect of triacontanol on pest survivorship, this study suggests incorporating triacontanol in integrated pest management modules for S. obliqua. Caution in the use of gibberellic acid and Siapton for pest infestations is also indicated.     

The effects of triacontanol on seedling growth and polyphenol oxidase activity in dark and light growth lettuce

The present study was designed to study the effects of various concentrations (0.00; 0.01, 0.10 and 1.00‐mg/ml) of triacontanol on root, stem and leaf growth and polyphenol oxidase activity in each respective tissue; in Grand Rapids and Great Lakes varieties of eleven‐day‐old dark and light grown lettuce seedlings.

Root, stem and leaf growth was less than in non‐triacontanol‐treated Grand Rapids seedlings in both TC‐treated dark and light exposed seedlings. With respect to Great Lakes seedlings, all dark‐grown roots exhibited greater growth than the corresponding untreated control. Light‐grown Great Lakes roots treated with 0.01‐mg/ml and 1.0‐mg/ml or triacontanol respectively, grew more than control or 0.1‐mg/ml triacontanol‐treated seedlings. Both dark and light‐grown triacontanol‐treated stem and leaf tissues of Great Lakes seedlings all produced less growth than the untreated controls.

The Grand Rapids variety had less polyphenol oxidase activity in both dark and light‐grown root and stem tissues than in untreated controls; however, both dark and light‐grown leaf tissue, treat ed with 0.01‐mg/ml and 1.0‐mg/ml of triacontanol respectively exhibited more polyphenol oxidase activity than 1.0‐mg/ml triacontanol ‐treated or untreated control tissues.

TC treatment of 0.1‐mg/ml caused no enhancement of PPO activity in dark or light‐grown root, stem and leaf tissues of Great Lakes tissue, however, seedlings treated with a concentration of 0.01‐mg/ml TC exhibited more PPO activity than non‐TC‐treated controls.     

喷施化学物质对干旱胁迫下小麦苗期生长及产量的影响

小麦二叶期喷施旱地龙(FA)、三十烷醇(TRIA)、尿素+磷酸二氢钾等化学物质能促进小麦根系伸长,加大根冠比. 旱地龙可有效地缩小叶面气孔开度.旱地龙和三十烷醇可提高叶绿素含量.在小麦孕穗期和灌浆期喷施这3种化学物质可显著地提高产量,以三十烷醇效果最好,其产量比对照增加2 040.9 kg/hm2.     

植物生长调节剂提高山茱萸座果率试验

本文研究了植物生长调节剂对山茱萸(Cornus officinalis)的保果效应。结果表明,山茱萸幼果期喷布0.1ppm 三十烷醇,盛花期喷布12ppm 萘乙酸和250ppm 赤霉素,均能提高座果率。     

西瓜花药培养技术研究

以7种不同基因型西瓜为试材进行离体花药培养,对诱导愈伤组织的条件进行了研究。结果表明,西瓜离体花药在MS+KT1.5mg/L+6-BA2.0mg/L+NAA1.0mg/L,MS+KT1.5mg/L+6-BA2.0mg/L+NAA1.5mg/L,MS+KT0.5mg/L+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA2.0mg/L等3种培养基上愈伤组织诱导率最高,其中野生种331号在MS+KT0.5mg/L+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA2.0mg/L培养基上诱导率达到了68.42%。将长势较好的愈伤组织转到MS+三十烷醇2.0mg/L+6-BA0.5mg/L培养基上,76%的愈伤组织再生出丛生芽。丛生芽在MS+IBA0.5mg/L的培养基上长出了根,再将其转入1/2MS+IBA0.2mg/L+IAA1.0mg/L培养基上,获得了小植株。     

三十烷醇对小石花菜藻体生长发育的影响研究

采用不同浓度三十烷醇对小石花菜藻体进行不同浸泡时间处理培养结果表明 ,适宜的三十烷醇浓度(1 0 0mg/L)与适宜的浸泡时间 (2～ 4h)对小石花菜生长发育有明显促进作用     

三十烷醇及硼肥·钼肥对梯田旱地花生荚果性状的影响

[目的]研究在梯田旱地条件下,叶面喷施三十烷醇、硼酸、钼酸铵对花生荚果性状的影响。[方法]采取随机区组设计,通过田间小区试验,比较三十烷醇、三十烷醇+硼酸、三十烷醇+钼酸铵处理对花生荚果产量、饱果性状、秕果性状等的影响。[结果]利用三十烷醇在花生开花期进行茎叶喷雾可以极显著地增加每株果数,进而极显著提高花生产量;在开花期茎叶喷施三十烷醇基础上,于下针期、结荚期对茎叶喷施硼酸可极显著提高百果重。[结论]该研究对提高梯田旱地花生产量有指导作用。