食用型紫心甘薯新品种湘紫薯174 的选育

湘紫薯174 是以浙紫薯1 号为母本、浙紫薯3 号为父本杂交选育而成的食用型紫心甘薯新品种，薯块纺锤形，薯皮 紫红色，薯肉紫色，结薯较集中整齐，单株结薯4～5 个，大中薯率82.7% 以上，熟食味好，抗黑斑病，中抗根腐病、茎线 虫病和薯瘟病；每667 m² 鲜薯产量1 913～2 359 kg，薯干产量549～736 kg；花青素含量为714.5 mg · kg^-1（FW）。适宜在湖 南、湖北、江西、江苏、浙江等地春夏薯区种植。     

花生新品种邢花3号的选育

以冀油4号为母本、7915为父本通过有性杂交选育而成的花生新品种邢花3号,具有优质、高产、中熟、抗逆性强和适应性广等特点.邢花3号适宜在北方花生产区春播或麦垄套种栽培.     

中早熟高产抗病抗虫棉品种衡棉4号的选育

衡棉4号是用GK12为外源抗棉铃虫Bt基因的供体,以具有海岛棉、陆地棉和野生棉遗传基础的省1322系作抗病亲本,以冀棉27为丰产亲本,在黄枯萎混生重病地、不防治棉铃虫的高压胁迫下连续定向选择培育而成.突出表现早熟、抗棉铃虫、高产和抗病.适宜在冀中南及同一生态类型地区推广.     

抗病虫棉花新品种邯棉103的选育

邯棉103是以早熟、高产、优质、抗病的邯333为母本,以转基因抗虫棉GK-12为父本杂交,经枯黄萎混生病圃定向选择培育而成.该品种具有高产、稳产、抗病、抗虫、吐絮肥大和衣分高等特点,2007年3月通过河北省品种审定委员会审定,适宜在冀中南及黄河流域棉区春播种植.     

鲜干兼用型辣椒新品种‘天椒五号’的选育

‘天椒五号’是从甘肃甘谷线椒98—15中选择优良变异单株98—15—2,经连续多年定向分离、提纯育成的优良新品种。中熟,植株生长势强,抗逆性强,高抗辣椒疫病、炭疽病。果实浅绿色,长线椒形,中辣,商品性好,品质优良。适宜北方早春大棚及露地栽培。     

Family by environment interactions in shell size of 43-day old silver-lip pearl oyster (Pinctada maxima), five families reared under different nursery conditions

To understand the influence the environment and associated genotype by environment interactions will exert on future silver-lip pearl oyster (Pinctada maxima) selective breeding programs, this study assessed the relative performance in four shell growth traits of spat from five full-sib families, when spat were communally reared at different salinities (29, 34 and 40 ppt), food availability (high, medium and low), food quality (high, medium and low), and in a hatchery vs. ocean environment for 43 days.Rearing environment was found to influence growth expression, with significant differences evident when oysters were grown at different salinities in the ocean instead of hatchery, or when fed algae of differing nutritional quality. As indicated by MANOVA, family comparative growth performances were also altered when the environment changed, with significant environment by family interactions apparent in the food quality, food availability and hatchery vs. ocean rearing treatments. Changes in salinity, however, did not affect relevant family performances.These results indicate that growth and relative family performance in P. maxima may change dependent on local environmental conditions and that genotype by environment effects may need to be considered in breeding programs for this species.     

BMY牛的选育进展

总结了经历20多年选育的BMY牛所取得的进展,再通过3～5年的努力将完成BMY牛的培育,届时BMY牛将是一个适应我国南方炎热地区的热带肉牛新品种.     

竹炭对生物油模型组分的吸附特性试验

以竹子为前躯体热解制得竹炭,选取糠醛、乙酸、苯酚、葡萄糖为生物油模型化合物,研究竹炭对生物油模型组成各单组分的静态吸附特性及双、四组分混合下的竞争吸附行为。结果表明：竹炭对不同组分的吸附特性存在较大差异;单组分吸附24h,竹炭对糠醛的吸附量最大,乙酸次之,对葡萄糖的吸附量最小;吸附平衡时,竹炭对苯酚的吸附量将超过乙酸;糠醛-葡萄糖双组分竞争下,竹炭对糠醛显示出强烈的选择性吸附特征;4种组分竞争下,各组分吸附量相对单组分均有所下降,其中乙酸降幅最大,且乙酸等物质在吸附过程中出现浓度突变现象,这可能是因为吸附性能较好的糠醛将已经吸附的乙酸从竹炭上置换下来;在选用的所有试验工况下,竹炭对葡萄糖均表现出低的吸附态势。     

Possible influence of termites (Macrotermes bellicosus) on forms and composition of free sesquioxides in tropical soils

There has been less concern about soil mineralogical alteration than about soil physical, chemical and biological changes induced by termite nest-building activity. Furthermore, much less attention has been paid to free sesquioxides than to phyllosilicate minerals. In the present study, we conducted field morphological observations and selective dissolution analysis to characterize free sesquioxides in termite (Macrotermes bellicosus) mounds as compared with surrounding pedons in different toposequence positions, i.e., seasonally flooded valley bottom, hydromorphic fringe and well-drained upland sites. Distinctive redoximorphic features, such as surface yellowish layers on mound structures from the fringe site, indicate possible alteration of iron sesquioxide forms in the mounds due to the transportation of soil from reductive (aquic subsoil) to oxidative (epigeal mound) environments by the nest-building activity of M. bellicosus. On the other hand, the iron-soluble content in the dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB) system (Fe_d) was generally higher in the mound structures than at the adjacent sub-surface (Ap2) horizon at each toposequence position, while there was less difference in the content of acid ammonium oxalate (AAO) extractable iron (Fe_o) as compared to Fe_d. As a consequence, the iron activity index (Fe_d/Fe_o ratio) was found for the most part to be lower in the mound structures than in the neighboring Ap2 horizon. In addition, the content of Fe_d, AAO-soluble Al (Al_o) and DCB-extractable Al (Al_d) was significantly correlated with clay content in these soils. These findings suggest that M. bellicosus preferentially collects clay particles, probably from the clay-rich subsoils, such as the argillic horizon, which has been formed by the co-migration of phyllosilicate minerals and relatively crystalline sesquioxides. The species then likely incorporates them into the mounds, which induces an increase in the Fe_d content relative to that of Fe_o, resulting in a decreased iron activity index in the mound structures.     

翻心型大白菜新品种连狮1 号的选育

连狮1 号是以连云港地区菜农提供的中狮头自留种为原始种,经4 代自交提纯选育成的大白菜新品种。株型紧凑, 整齐度较好,叶球为长筒翻心形,叶片呈长倒卵形,叶表面具有较深核桃纹并带稀疏茸毛。株高35 cm,外叶数约10 片, 叶球高28～32 cm、横径22～27 cm,单个叶球质量3.5～4.0 kg,每667 m² 叶球产量4 700 kg 左右,净菜率达83%。生育期 为90～95 d（天）,田间抗病毒病、霜霉病、根肿病能力优于对照中狮头,适合在江苏、安徽、山东等地及其相近气候条件 地区秋季种植。