‘哈伯’南天竹组织培养和快速繁殖

为建立‘哈伯’南天竹组织培养和种苗繁育技术体系,以半木质化带芽茎段为外植体材料开展植株再生研究。通过观察对比试验法、L₉(3⁴)正交试验设计完全随机法、极差分析、显著性检验、LSD多重比较,探讨了‘哈伯’南天竹组培的最适培养基配方。试验结果表明：最佳诱导培养基为MS + 6-BA 2.0 mg/L + IBA 0.1 mg/L +蔗糖30 g/L,诱导萌动率71.77%,成活率85.51%;最佳增殖培养基为WPM +6-BA 1.5 mg/L + IBA 0.01 mg/L + 蔗糖30 g/L,增殖系数6.3;最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+ IBA 0.5 mg/L + NAA 1.0 mg/L + 蔗糖20 g/L + AC 0.2 g/L,生根率97.63%;试管苗移入泥炭土:珍珠岩=3:2(V/V)混合基质中,移栽成活率96.67%。该试验建立了高效稳定的组培快繁技术体系,得到的组培苗后代能够稳定的保持母本优良性状,为工厂化育苗提供了技术支撑。     

萝卜离体再生的影响因素

对影响萝卜离体再生的因素进行了研究,结果表明,不同基困型材料均以带柄子叶的再生频率最高;不同基因型材料所需的最适激素浓度和配比不同,在一定范围内提高6-BA浓度可促进不定芽的分化;苯基脲类细胞分裂素TDZ与嘌呤型细胞分裂素6-BA和KT相比,对促进萝卜不定芽分化的效果更好;AgNO_3可显著提高不定芽再生频率;NAA诱导生根的效果优于IAA。     

长寿花胚性愈伤组织的诱导及胚状体再生

 研究了长寿花胚性愈伤组织的筛选，胚状体的诱导发生、发育过程及植株再生。经过对外观及细胞学观察，看出外观质地疏松、颗粒状的淡黄色愈伤组织细胞圆形且形状规则，是胚性愈伤组织。诱导胚性愈伤组织的最适培养基为：MS+2，4-D 2 mg·L^-1 +BA 0.2 mg·L^-1；胚状体的诱导培养基为MS+BA 2 mg·L^-1 +NAA 0.2 mg·L^-1 +活性炭4 g·L^-1+蔗糖30 g·L^-1，胚状体诱导率可达185个胚状体；胚状体的再生培养基为MS+蔗糖30 g·L^-1。利用石蜡切片对胚状体的发生过程进行了观察。     

Callus induction and plant regeneration from cotyledonary explants of ash gourd (Benincasa hispida L.)

A protocol for the production of complete plantlets through multiple shoots from the cotyledon-derived calli of ash gourd (Benincasa hispida L.) is described. The embryos were excised from mature seeds and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurin (BAP, 1–5 μM). After 10 days the well-developed green cotyledons from the growing embryos were isolated and cultured on MS medium fortified with 2,4-D (1–6 μM). The cultured cotyledons gave rise to luxuriantly growing calli after 6 weeks. These calli were subcultured on MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of BAP (1–6 μM) alone or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA, 0.2 and 0.5 μM) for regeneration. The regenerated shoots were multiplied and rooted on quarter strength MS medium supplemented with indole-3-butyric acid or NAA (1–5 μM). The rooted shoots were transplanted to soil with 90% success.     

高粱不同外植体离体培养

不同材料愈伤组织诱导培养结果表明，幼穗，茎尖和成熟胚的最高出愈率达１００％，子粒达９３％，幼胚仅为７４％。幼穗不但出愈率高，且愈伤组织胚性状况好，分化出苗率高。幼胚出愈率虽低，但其分化率明显主茎尖，成熟胚和子粒了的分化率。     

枣不定芽再生体系的研究

以枣优良品种骏枣为试材,研究了多种因素对其离体叶片及大田幼嫩茎段再生效率的影响.结果表明,幼嫩茎段再生较容易.叶片再生与生长调节物质种类和浓度及叶片成熟度有关.枣叶片不定芽再生的最佳培养基为1/2MS(大量元素减半)+TDZ0.5mg/L+IBA0.2m/L.不定芽再生率以上部叶片最高.     

欧美杨"山地1号"组织培养再生系统的建立

欧美杨“山地1号”是美洲黑杨与欧洲黑杨(P.deltoides×P.nigracv.,‘shandis1’)杂交培育成功的杨树优良品种。本研究以叶片作为外植体进行组织培养,建立了欧美杨“山地1号”组织培养再生系统。分别用植物生长调节剂α-萘乙酸(NAA)和细胞分裂素6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)诱导芽的分化,促进侧芽生长;用3-吲哚丁酸(IBA)诱发根生长,使根多而长,本研究筛选出诱导率最优的培养基和激素浓度:分化培养阶段——以1/2MH培养基(6-BA0.5mg/L与NAA0.05mg/L)诱导分化获得再生芽;继代培养阶段——以MH培养基(6-BA0.5mg/L与NAA0.05mg/L)进行继代培养获得丛生芽;抽茎培养阶段——以MH培养基(6-BA0.1mg/L与NAA0.05mg/L)进行抽茎培养获得丛壮无根苗;生根培养阶段——以1/2MH培养基(IBA0.3mg/L)诱导生根。然后,选择根系发达、主茎高达2～3cm且木质化程度高的幼苗移栽到塑料大棚中,约14d后长出新根即可成活,移栽成活率达90%。本欧美杨组织培养再生系统可用于基因的遗传转化。     

Efficient plant regeneration via organogenesis in “Egusi” melon (Colocynthis citrullus L.)

Plant regeneration protocol of “Egusi” melon (Colocynthis citrullus L.) was established using three local (“Ejagham”, “Sewere” and “Barablackedge”) and one improved (NHC1-130) cultivars. Cotyledonary explants of different lengths (1/2, 1/4 and 1/6) excised from 4- or 8-day-old seedlings germinated in vitro were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). The best results were obtained when cotyledons from 4-day-old seedlings were cut into 2 (1/2) halves. Plant regeneration was optimal on medium containing 5 mg/l BA, yielding 86.3%, 77.0% and 76.3% shoot induction frequencies amongst the three local cultivars of “Ejagham”, “Sewere” and “Barablackedge”, respectively. In NHC1-130, the highest shoot induction frequency (85%) was obtained on medium containing 2 mg/l BA. Adventitious shoots were elongated on medium containing 0.1 mg/l BA and successfully rooted on hormone-free MS medium. Flow cytometric analysis revealed 70% of the plants to be diploid.     

TDZ诱导中间锦鸡儿植株再生

以中间锦鸡儿种子无菌萌发得茎段为外植体,不同激素组合诱导丛生芽,得出最佳丛生芽诱导培养基为MS+TDZ 0.1 mg/L+NAA 0.02 mg/L+糖30.0 g/L+琼脂9 g/L,芽诱导率达220%。诱导得到的丛生芽直接生根困难,需过渡培养。在培养基MS+BA 0.2 mg/L+NAA 0.4 mg/L+糖30.0 g/L+琼脂9 g/L上过渡培养三代以上后转入生根培养基1/2MS+IAA 0.5 mg/L+糖30.0 g/L+琼脂9 g/L生根,长出的根粗壮,且须根数多,生根率在85%以上。生根培养后在草炭土∶珍珠岩=4∶1的基质上移栽成活率达到80%。     

桃叶片再生不定芽的研究

以桃栽培品种曙光、金童5号和甜桃王试管苗叶片为外植体,研究了基本培养基、植物生长调节剂种类及质量浓度组合、基因型和试管苗继代次数等因素对叶片再生的影响。结果表明,适宜暗培养的培养基为LP+1.5mg·L-1TDZ+0.15mg·L-1NAA;光培养基为LP+0.5mg·L-1TDZ+0.3mg·L-1KT+0.3mg·L-1NAA和LP+0.6mg·L-1TDZ+0.3mg·L-1KT+0.4mg·L-12,4-D;金童5号和曙光具有较强的再生能力,再生率分别为21.8%和14.5%;曙光和金童5号试管苗继代第1～11次叶片的再生能力与继代前3次愈伤组织相比形成率较高;曙光再生苗在培养基1/2MS+0.5mg·L-1NAA上生根率为100%,平均生根条数为7.9。