环境农药残留与毒理学终点在环境风险评估中的应用

介绍了美国和欧盟等发达国家和地区的农药注册管理机构在农药的环境风险评估中对环境农药残留的估算方法以及与毒理学终点的整合方式,介绍了部分非靶标生物在环境中的风险评判标准,对中国的环境风险评估提出了初步的建议。     

PEC HPI irp2基因缺失株的构建及蛋白结构功能预测

为了探讨致病性大肠杆菌内HMWP2蛋白的生物学结构和功能,采用Red同源重组技术,对致病性E.coli的HPI irp2基因进行敲除,成功构建了致病性E.coli irp2基因缺失株,并利用测序结果对HMWP2蛋白进行了多重预测分析,以期为致病性大肠杆菌相关疾病的防治和发生机理研究提供理论基础。     

环境农药残留与毒理学终点在环境风险评估中的应用

介绍了美国和欧盟等发达国家和地区的农药注册管理机构在农药的环境风险评估中对环境农药残留的估算方法以及与毒理学终点的整合方式,介绍了部分非靶标生物在环境中的风险评判标准,对中国的环境风险评估提出了初步的建议。     

Identification of Phosphorous Efficient Germplasm in Oilseed Rape

ABSTRACT

Plant species and genotypes within one species may significantly differ in phosphorus (P) uptake and utilization when they suffer from P starvation. The objective of this research was to screen P-efficient germplasm of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and analyze the possible mechanism responsible for P efficiency by two-steps screening experiments and validation of P efficiency. Phosphorus efficiency coefficient at seedling stage, namely, ratio of shoot dry weight under low P to that under adequate P (PECS) of 194 oilseed rape cultivars varied from 0.050 to 0.62 and was significantly related with shoot dry weight under low P level (r = 0.859??, P < 0.01). Oilseed rape cultivar ‘Eyou Changjia’ presented the highest P efficiency coefficient in each growth stage and had the highest seed yield at low P, whereas oilseed rape cultivar ‘B104-2’ was the most sensitive to low P stress among the 12 candidate cultivars obtained from the two-steps screening experiments. Under low P condition in validation experiments of soil and solution cultures, ‘Eyou Changjia’ could produce much more dry matter and acquire more P than ‘B104-2.’ Moreover, P efficient coefficient obtained from the pot experiment was comparable to those from the field experiment. This might be attributed to high P uptake efficiency for ‘Eyou Changjia’ when it suffered from low-P stress. Comparison of results from the hydroponics with those from the pot and field experiments led to the conclusion that the P uptake efficiency in the hydroponics is highly related to that in soil culture conditions. These results show that there are large genotypic differences in response to phosphorus deficiency in oilseed rape germplasm (Brassica napus L.) and ‘Eyou Changjia’ is P-efficient and ‘B104-2’ is P-inefficient. By comparing these results further, the mechanism responsible for P efficiency was suggested to be mainly due to high P uptake efficiency by forming larger root system, and improving the ability of mobilizing and acquiring soil P in P-efficient oilseed rape under the condition of P starvation.     

Impact of aggregate coating with a PEC elastomer on properties of lightweight flax shive concrete

Lightweight concrete becomes an important subject of research because of its insulating properties. The main objective of this research is to present a process improving the flax shive behaviour in a cement matrix. Flax shives stem from flax culture. It is the major product (50% of biomass weight). To be used as aggregates, shives should have a hydrophobization treatment. The aim of this work is the treatment of shives with a biodegradable elastomer: poly(PEG-co-CA). This elastomer is synthesized by the polycondensation of polyethylenglycol (PEG) and citric acid (CA). After their treatment with PEC elastomer, flax shives show a decrease in water absorption. Then, they are incorporated in a cement matrix. Mechanical properties, thermal properties and behaviour towards water (dimensional variations) of concrete are determined. The shive treatment shows an improvement in compressive and flexural strengths but an increase in thermal conductivity. The extreme dimensional variations (EDVs) and drying shrinkage (DS) decrease also with concrete prepared with treated shives compared to the standard. Overall the lightweight concrete obtained exhibits performances close to those of wood concrete.     

PEG处理对提高谷子种子活力方法的研究

本文以中等活力的谷子种子为材料,研究了PEG的不同分子量、不同浓度和不同处理时间对种子活力的影响。结果表明：（1）PEG可明显改善谷子种子细胞膜造性,显著提高种子发芽力和活力;（2）PEG分子量越大,活力提高越多,而低浓度、短时间的PEG处理,即可达到显著提高种子活力的目的;（3）用PEG10000、5％的PEG溶液处理谷子种子1天,其发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和电导率分别比对照提高43．3％、32．2％、51．8％和-49．9％。