Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid: the signal transduction

Cytochrome P450 monoxygenase converts arachionic acid to four epoxyeicosatrienoic acid regiosomes: 5, 6-EET (epoxyeicosatrienoic acid); 8, 9-EET; 11, 12-EET and 14, 15-EET. Recent studies show that EETs are involved in signal transduction. EETs open Ca²⁺-sensit ive K⁺ channel and inhibit Na⁺ channel, Ca²⁺-sensitive Cl^- channel and so on. What is more, EETs have been demonstrated to activate PP60^c-src and initiate a tyrosine kinase cascade that mediates mitogenic effects.     

土壤粒度和磁化率特征对绰墩古水稻土成因的指示

本文研究了绰墩农业遗址P-02原状土剖面的粒度分布,定量分析了土壤黏粒的矿物组成,测定了土壤/沉积物及其各粒级组分(黏粒、粉砂粒、细砂粒和粗砂粒)的磁化率。结果表明：在0 ~ 30 cm和134 ~ 154 cm两层段,黏粒含量从下向上有降低的趋势,这可能预示着长期的水耕作业造成黏粒从表层向亚表层移动;在148 ~ 200 cm层段,土壤磁化率从下向上有降低的趋势,可能说明该处存在长期淹水的状况。总之,黏粒含量和质量磁化率数据说明长江下游地区的先民在马家浜文化时期已开始采用“水溽”方式进行水稻的栽培。     

鸡马杜霉素急性中毒及其脂质过氧化关系的研究

本文在实验条件下人工诱发鸡马杜霉素急性中毒，观察中毒症状及病理变化，测定受损靶器官的脂质过氧化物的含量及相关酶的活性，以及肝细胞色素Ｐ－４５０的含量。实验结果表明：鸡马杜霉素急性中毒的主要临床症状是腹泻、腿无力或麻痹；肉眼病变是全身性充血、淤血及少数组织出血；显微镜检病变是肝脏、心肌及腿肌出血与变性；肝脏的脂质过氧化物的含量及过氧化氢酶的活性显著增加；肝Ｐ－４５０的含量显著增加；但是心肌与腿肌的脂     

Pisatin demethylation by fungal pathogens and nonpathogens of pea: association with pisatin tolerance and virulence

Previous studies have indicated that detoxification of their hosts' phytoalexins is a tolerance mechanism for some true fungi, but not the fungus-like Oomycota, and may be involved in determining the virulence of a pathogen. In the present study, the associations between demethylation of the pea phytoalexin pisatin, tolerance to pisatin, and virulence on pea were examined for 50 fungal isolates which represent 17 species of pathogens and nonpathogens of pea. All isolates ofPythium coloratum and P. irregulare failed to metabolize and were sensitive to pisatin, consistent with previous observations that members of the Oomycota generally lack the ability to metabolize and are sensitive to their hosts' phytoalexins. Among true fungi tested, the ability to demethylate pisatin was common, regardless of whether the particular isolate was pathogenic on pea or not. However, when the rate of pisatin demethylation was compared to virulence, all but one of the moderate to highly virulent isolates rapidly demethylated pisatin. In addition, the more rapidly demethylating isolates were generally more tolerant of pisatin. These results suggest that a specialized enzyme system for quickly detoxifying pisatin might be present in most pea pathogens. In previous studies a specific cytochrome P450 enzyme for demethylating pisatin was identified in the pea pathogen Nectria haematococca mating population VI, and genes (PDA genes) encoding that enzyme have been cloned from this fungus. When DNA specific for these genes was used to probe genomic DNA from other fungi that demethylate pisatin, significant hybridization was detected with only one fungus, the pea pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi. If the other pea pathogens possess a specific cytochrome P450 system for detoxification of pisatin, the genes encoding these enzymes apparently share limited nucleotide similarity with N. haematococca PDA genes.     

溢多酶P-8901对罗非鱼生长性能的影响

在罗非鱼基础饲料(对照组)中分别添加不同比例溢多酶P-8901,探讨溢多酶P-8901对罗非鱼生产性能的影响。结果表明,在罗非鱼鱼种试验中,与对照组相比,添加100 g.t-1、150 g.t-1、180 g.t-1溢多酶P-8901试验组的饲料效率分别比对照组提高8.48%、7.89%和9.03%(P<0.05);增重率分别提高9.00%、10.33%和9.50%(P<0.01);生长率分别提高4.00%、4.48%和4.13%(P<0.01);蛋白质效率分别提高8.38%、7.75%和8.84%(P<0.01)。养成试验中,添加100 g.t-1、150 g.t-1、180 g.t-1溢多酶P-8901试验组饲料系数分别比对照组提高4.28%、5.41%和6.56%(P<0.05);增重率分别提高6.31%、7.94%和8.82%(P<0.01);生长率分别提高3.68%、4.72%和5.26%(P<0.01);蛋白质效率分别提高5.36%、7.53%和9.24%(P<0.01)。饲养结果表明,添加溢多酶P-8901能够明显提高饲料利用率,提高罗非鱼的生长性能,尤其对鱼种的效果比养成阶段更好。     

Measuring rates of gross and net mineralisation of organic phosphorus in soils

The isotopic dilution method developed by Oehl et al. [2001b. Organic phosphorus mineralisation studies using isotopic dilution techniques. Soil Science Society of America Journal 65, 780-787] to measure gross mineralisation of soil organic phosphorus (P) was tested on a range of low-P sorbing soils. This isotopic dilution method relies on accurate prediction of radiolabel behaviour due to soil physicochemical processes. Based on experimental validation of the extrapolation for isotopic dilution due to physicochemical processes using autoclaved soils, a simple power function was used for extrapolation rather than the more complex equation used in the original method. For several soils, however, a potential overestimation of gross mineralisation by 0.1-2.0 mg P kg⁻¹ d⁻¹ was revealed. In addition, the detection limit of P mineralisation ranged between 0.6 and 2.6 mg P kg⁻¹ d⁻¹. The method is likely to be at the detection limit for soils that are high in available P and low in biological activity. The method was modified with respect to the extrapolation and successfully applied to a soil with relatively high microbial P (18 mg P kg⁻¹) and soil respiration rates (29 mg C kg⁻¹ d⁻¹), revealing gross mineralisation rates of organic P of 0.9-1.2 mg P kg⁻¹ d⁻¹. Measurement of uptake of ³²P by the microbial biomass allowed derivation of a net organic P mineralisation rate of 0.5-0.9 mg P kg⁻¹ d⁻¹.     

P-1拒避剂防治森林鼠害效果的试验研究

利用P-1拒避剂在室内和室外进行森林鼠害的防治试验,结果表明,除喷雾试验效果不明显外,其余方法均具有显著的避鼠作用。室内阻隔法、包藏法的有效率分别为80%和70%。长白落叶松造林苗用蘸苗法防治的被害率仅为1.40%,没有死亡株出现,而对照地被害率、死亡率分别为7.40%和2.96%。杨树利用涂干法和喷干法进行防治,试验地被害率分别为10.11%和2.23%,而对照地分别为23.50%和18.18%;试验地死亡率分别为1.12%和0.00%,对照地分别为20.73%和15.65%。柳树利用喷干法进行防治,试验地被害率和死亡率分别为4.57%和0.00%,对照地分别为30.31%和19.45%,试验效果显著。     

Cytotoxic resveratrol oligomers from the tree bark of Dipterocarpus hasseltii

A new resveratrol tetramer, named diptoindonesin E, was isolated from the acetone extract of the tree bark of Dipterocarpus hasseltii, together with five known resveratrol oligomers (-)-epsilon-viniferin, laevifonol, (-)-alpha-viniferin, vaticanol B, (-)-hopeaphenol, and a coumarin, scopoletin. The structures of these compounds were determined from spectroscopic evidence. Cytotoxicity test of the isolated compounds showed that hopeaphenol strongly inhibited murine leukemia P-388 cells.     

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and heart

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are the metabolic productsof arachidonic acid (AA). They have the function of stimulating cell division, inhibiting platelet aggregation and regulating the transfer of cell calcium. In recent years, more and more people paid their attention to the effects of EETs on heart. This article will give a review about EETs and the relationship between EETs and heart.     

急性髓系白血病患者原发性mdr1基因产物P-170与CD34表达及预后的关系

观察急性髓系白血病患者原发性ｍｄｒ１基因产物Ｐ－１７０与ＣＤ３４抗原表达与预后的关系。方法。常规分离３１例急性髓系白血病细胞,然后分别进行细胞免疫化学检查,观察了细胞膜分化抗原变化和ｍｄｒ１基因产物Ｐ－１７０反应。结论：Ｐ－１７０和ＣＤ３４表达是急性髓系白血病患者对化疗抵抗的标志。