巴厘菠萝果实发育期间香气成分的变化

采用顶空固相微萃取技术,研究巴厘菠萝果实发育过程中香气成分的组成及变化。结果表明,巴厘菠萝果实发育过程中共检测出48种成分,主要为酯类、烯烃,其中辛酸甲酯、己酸乙酯、辛酸乙酯等成分是菠萝果实的重要香气成分,是菠萝成熟果实的特征香气。巴厘菠萝在果实发育不同阶段,各香气成分的相对含量变化较大。     

毛里求斯茶业考察报告

重点介绍了毛里求斯当前茶叶生产、加工、销售和进出口情况,并介绍了毛里求斯Bois Cheri Tea Estate茶厂红碎茶的加工工艺和茶叶品质。     

Nutritive value of tropical pastures in Mauritius

The basic diet of ruminants in Mauritius comprises mainly tropical forages, whose productivity is highly dependent on the season. Dry matter concentrations and nutritive value of the three most important grasses (Bothriochloa pertusa, Cynodon plectostachyus and Ischaemum aristatum) on Mauritius were measured on three occasions during the year. They showed an increase in dry matter concentration and a decrease in nutritional value at the end of the dry season, more marked for farms located in the coastal region. To allow animals to meet their nutrient requirements, farmers have to adapt their practices (supplementary feeding, rotational grazing, and fertilization) to the seasonal changes on the island.     

An investigation into the role of the Mauritian flying fox, Pteropus niger, in forest regeneration

This study was conducted over a 7-month period in the south-west of Mauritius and investigates the diet of the endemic flying fox Pteropus niger and its potential role as pollinator and seed disperser. The identification of food plants and seed dispersal events were made by direct observations of bats or indirectly by the analysis of ejecta found on the ground. P. niger was observed to visit 22 plant species for food of which 20 were visited for fruit, two for floral resources, and one for foliage (one species was visited for both fruit and floral resources). Two thousand thirty-two P. niger fruit ejecta from 16 species were collected containing 2460 seeds. Ejecta from eight of these species (including five endemic to Mauritius) contained seeds, all of which were mature and intact (with one possible exception) and some were germinating. Forty-seven observations were made of the dispersal of seeds in fruit, ejecta and faeces, including seeds from three endemic and one native plant species. All seeds in dispersed ejecta were found to be mature and undamaged by bats. Pollen smears from the lips of six dead and 12 captured bats showed that these animals carried a minimum of 18 pollen species. Each smear had an average of 2.2 pollen species and a pollen load of 17.7 grains. Our results suggest that P. niger plays an important role in maintaining plant diversity in the heavily fragmented landscape of Mauritius.     

‘巴厘’菠萝离体培养技术

以菠萝品种‘巴厘’的吸芽或腋芽为外植体,从灭菌消毒、愈伤组织和芽的诱导、继代增殖、生根培养和练苗移栽等方面,阐述了菠萝组织培养技术及存在问题。     

活性炭与分子筛吸附乙烯诱导 巴厘菠萝开花的研究

为了开发一种新的菠萝催花方法、以200 mg/L 乙烯利溶液为对照、研究了两种吸附乙烯饱和的吸附剂 （活性炭和沸石分子筛）对菠萝品种巴厘的综合催花效果。结果表明院（1）活性炭吸附乙烯的能力及释放乙烯的速度 极显著高于分子筛;（2）沸石分子筛与乙烯利均可诱导巴厘菠萝100%成花、活性炭处理抽蕾率为30%~60%、二者花 期要比乙烯利延迟1~2 d;（3）催花后的菠萝小果数及单果重与乙烯吸附剂的投入量有关、吸附剂投放多、会降低菠 萝果实的小果数及果重、0.1~0.2 g分子筛以及活性炭处理催花后所结的菠萝小果数均极显著高于对照乙烯利、单果 重无显著差异;（4）分子筛及活性炭催花与乙烯利催花所结的果实在可溶性固形物尧总酸和维生素悦含量上无显著 差异。沸石分子筛吸附乙烯可以成功诱导巴厘菠萝开花、是一种新型的菠萝催花方法。     

Complementary conservation strategies for the genus Coffea: A case study of Mascarene Coffea species

No single conservation technique can adequately conserve the full range of genetic diversity of a target species or genepool. To optimize the efficiency of germplasm conservation, a range of conservation techniques needs to be applied simultaneously. In this paper we review the progress made in the application of both in situ and ex situ complementary conservation strategies and techniques to the conservation of the genus Coffea and identify areas where more research work is required. Traditionally, Coffea species have been conserved ex situ as living plants in field genebanks due to their intermediate seed storage behaviour. However, progress made in the field of biotechnology in recent years have made it possible to envisage the use of in vitro, slow growth and cryopreservation for medium- and long-term conservation of Coffea germplasm, respectively. In situ conservation is also an important option for long-term conservation, but there are no genetic reserves specifically set up for conserving Coffea. Protected areas and managed reserves offer the best opportunities for conserving Coffea. A case study for Mascarene Coffea in Mauritius is presented and a strategy for their conservation is discussed.