大豆锈病与过氧化物酶同工酶关系的初步研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，研究了大豆锈病不同严重度、离病斑中心不同距离，以及抗感锈病不同品种接种后病程与过氧化物酶同工酶的关系，结果表明：发病不同严重度（Ｉ￣Ⅲ级）比对照（未接种０级）酶谱带多１￣２条，活性由大到小依次为Ⅱ级〉Ｉ级〉Ⅲ级〉０级；离病斑中心越近酶带越多，且酶活性越强；随着接种时间的推迟（０￣３２小时）过氧化物酶带数增多，酶活性增强；抗病品种与感病品种接种后相同时间进行比较，抗病品种比感     

家蚕血液酯酶缺失型的遗传学研究

家蚕血液酯酶电泳图谱中A区酯酶缺失型东34,是共显性等位血液酯酶A区酶带不表达基因BesAo的纯合子,基因符号Bes Ao/Ao。东34是其亲本交配后代的分离,选择,固定后的产物。东34缺失的A区酶带属胆碱酯酶类。     

Genetic Relationship between <Emphasis Type="Italic">Castanea sativa</Emphasis> Mill. Trees from North-western to South Spain Based on Morphological Traits and Isoenzymes

This study is focused in the main chestnut growing areas from north- to south-western Spain. We studied 50 accessions corresponding to 22 cultivars named by local growers; 11 from Andalucía, 9 from Castilla-León, and 2 from Extremadura. These were compared with 22 types classified previously in Galicia (82 accessions). Ten morphological traits and five isoenzyme systems were used to classify them and establish genetic relationships. A lower genetic variability has been found in Extremadura (middle Spain) and Andalucía (south) than in Galicia (north western) which may be because of the lower importance of the crop in those areas and the geographic barriers between them. Galicia could be the origin of the types found in Castilla-León, Extremadura, and south-western Andalucía, and the types found in Central Andalucía were closer to those found in Castilla-León and Extremadura. Most accessions studied (117/132) could be classified positively, making 37 out of 44 cultivars found from northern to southern Spain. Three groups of synonymies were found in Castilla-León: ‘Brava’ and ‘Negral’, ‘Gallego’ and ‘Injerto’, and ‘Rapega’ and ‘Verdello’. Most of the Spanish types have been propagated as a principal clone. Variability within the types is important and must be considered to select the best clones as cultivars.     

达里诺尔湖和岗更湖瓦氏雅罗鱼同工酶的研究

瓦氏雅罗鱼是一种耐盐碱性很强的鱼类,本文采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法(PAGE)比较研究了淡水水域（岗更湖）和盐碱水水域（达里诺尔湖）中瓦氏雅罗鱼的同工酶,旨在明确瓦氏雅罗鱼在盐碱水域和淡水水域中同工酶的不同,为瓦氏雅罗鱼的耐盐碱机理做基础研究,同时也为瓦氏雅罗鱼在内陆水域的引种与放流提供科学的指导依据。通过比较研究达里诺尔湖和岗根湖的瓦氏雅罗鱼(Leuciscus waleckii)骨骼肌、肝脏、心肌组织中过氧化物酶(POD)、酯酶(EST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)的差异,得出结果：两湖中瓦氏雅罗鱼的同工酶表达具有差异性,其中EST图谱的差异最大,LDH、POD的图谱也存在差异性,而MDH图谱差异不显著。试验表明,两湖中瓦氏雅罗鱼的过氧化物酶(POD)、酯酶(EST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)同工酶存在差异性,而苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)的差异不显著。     

乌苏里拟鲿(Pseudobagrus ussuriensis)同工酶分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法,对黑龙江水系乌苏里拟鲿(Pseudobagrus ussuriensis)心、肝、肾、眼、肌肉和性腺共6种组织进行了9种同工酶(ADH、EST、G6PDH、GDH、IDH、LDH、MDH、POD、SOD)的分析。结果表明,乌苏里拟鲿EST、GDH、IDH、POD同工酶谱中存在不同程度的组织特异性,EST表现出明显的性别差异性。共记录19个基因位点,多态位点百分数P=21.05%,种群遗传偏离指数d=-1,该乌苏里拟鲿种群内部杂合子缺失较严重,偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡,遗传多样性较低。     

Metabolic clustering of a core collection of Indian ginseng Withania somnifera Dunal through DNA, isoenzyme, polypeptide and withanolide profile diversity

Withania somnifera is one of the most important medicinal plants of Ayurveda and finds extensive uses in Indian traditional herbal preparations. In this investigation, selected accessions of the plant were examined for diversity through RAPDs, isoenzymes, polypeptide polymorphism and withanolide profiles. The accessions clustered together with respect to their characteristic profile of major withanolides and represented withaferin A, withanone, withanolide D or withanolide A rich groups. This level of phytochemical diversity as discrete chemotypes is widest and is being first ever documented to occur in Indian population of the plant.     

超重力处理对绿豆幼苗过氧化物酶活力及同工酶的影响

采用室内试验方法,研究了不同超重力处理对绿豆幼苗过氧化物酶活性及同工酶的影响。结果表明,超重力处理后的绿豆叶片POD活力比对照都有明显的提高。其中是3 000×g,6h处理的活性最高。处理后的绿豆苗POD同工酶谱带增加,其中是3 000×g,4h处理的酶带数目最多,着色深,酶活性最强。     

小麦春化发育相关蛋白质同工酶的研究

本研究对不同发育特性的小麦品种 ,进行春化、脱春化处理 ,经凝胶电泳分析表明 ,在冬小麦春化过程中 ,不仅植株可溶性蛋白质含量增加 ,而且有新蛋白质的产生。英国Mercia品种与中国京 84 1都产生 5 3.2、4 6kD两种新的蛋白质 ,且在春化、脱春化中稳定存在 ,这两种蛋白质正是春小麦有而冬小麦未经春化没有的 ,表明这两种蛋白质的产生与冬性小麦春化过程密切相关 ;同时在春化过程中过氧化物酶 (POD)、酯酶 (EST)酶带及活性发生显著变化且产生了与特异蛋白质分子量 (5 3.2kD)接近的新带 ,表明POD和EST与小麦通过春化发育有一定相关性 ,而6 磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶与春化发育相关性较小 ,超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)与春化发育基本无相关性     

Tolerance of broadleaved tree and shrub seedlings to preemergence herbicides

Isoenzymes were used to study the genetic variation of 121 mature trees of Sorbus torminalis in a natural stand and a subset of 21 high yielding seed trees in the same stand used for a commercial harvest. Eight enzyme systems were studied. The genetic variation of the mature stand was higher than that of other stands reported in the literature. However, this level of genetic variation was not represented to the same extent by the seeds of the commercial harvest. Differences between the bud sample taken from the mature stand and the seed sample taken from the commercial subset were particularly obvious with respect to diversity measures and heterozygosities. The hypothetical gametic multilocus diversity (HGMD) of a bud sample of the mature Sorbus torminalis trees was more than 70% higher (94.1) than the value of the seed harvest sample (55.1). Deviations between the genetic structures of both samples were statistically significant. There is no indication that inbreeding is an essential component of the mating system of Sorbus torminalis. The potential causes for the lack of Sorbus torminalis seedlings and saplings originated from seeds and their consequences for regenerating this species are discussed. This research underscores that sampling a forest tree population for commercial harvest can result in a statistically significant reduction in the genetic diversity of the sampled group relative to the overall population.     

过氧化物同工酶鉴定陕油10号杂交种纯度

利用过氧化物酶同工酶、酯酶同工酶和田间种植鉴定陕油10号杂交种的纯度.结果表明,过氧化物酶同工酶鉴定和田间种植鉴定的结果基本一致,酯酶同工酶无鉴定结果;由于过氧化物酶同工酶自身的一些特点,可将其与酯酶同工酶结合起来,共同用于种子纯度的鉴定.