光照对箭筈豌豆及其子代生长和繁殖特性的影响

光照不仅会影响植物自身的生长,也可能会对其子代的生长具有潜在作用。以箭筈豌豆品种兰箭1号和兰箭3号为材料,分析遮荫和自然光照下箭筈豌豆及其子代的生长特性。结果表明:光照对箭筈豌豆生长和繁殖特性的影响因基因型而异。与光照条件相比,遮荫显著降低兰箭1号生物量及茎叶比,但对繁殖分配的比例影响不显著。与此相反,遮荫对兰箭3号的生长与繁殖无显著影响;母本光照环境对箭筈豌豆子代生长特性具有一定程度的影响,且这种影响因子代植株生长的光照环境而异。当子代在遮荫环境下,母本环境显著影响兰箭1号分枝数、地上生物量、总生物量、地上/地下生物量以及兰箭3号的分枝数。但当子代在光照环境下生长时,除兰箭3号分枝数外,其他生长特性均不受母本环境影响。     

5种生物制剂对马铃薯种薯萌芽、极端天气下植株生长和产量性状的影响

旨在满足马铃薯生产中茬口衔接、机械化生产技术应用、不利气候下稳产等对马铃薯出苗早、齐、壮的需求,以‘费乌瑞它’为供试品种,用基于有益活菌或工程菌提取物的5种生物制剂进行种薯处理,对多重性状进行了对比分析。5种生物制剂较常规化学制剂,均能够不同程度地促进种薯萌芽和芽根同生,出苗期提前2~7天,播种后49天的出苗率提高3.33%~17.78%。其中,表现最好的为酵母核苷酸衍生物和VDAL,种薯萌发和生根均显著高于对照。霜冻后,生物剂拌种处理在恢复前期促进植株生长,由此促进恢复后期的块茎发育,较常规化学处理增产8.39%~24.03%,体现了不同程度的保产效果。多马道黑、酵母核苷酸衍生物、根肽和VDAL体现出较好的保产效果,可作为种薯处理剂投入马铃薯生产。     

Mid-storage and pre-sowing seed treatments for lettuce and carrot

Mid-storage hydration-dehydration treatments with medium-vigour lettuce seed very effectively reduced physiological deterioration in storage and ultimately showed better field emergence and final yield. Soaking-drying treatment of high-vigour lettuce seed was not effective. Pre-sowing treatment of medium-vigour lettuce seed, though less effective than mid-storage treatment, gave better field performance, but high-vigour seed did not benefit from the treatment. For carrot, both mid-storage and pre-sowing seed treatments proved beneficial, with the former showing better performance than the latter. Unlike lettuce, well-preserved carrot seed responded positively to the pre-sowing treatment.     

西农萨能奶山羊血浆生长激素水平的变化及其与奶产量的关系

本实验用放免测定法(RIA)测定了38只西农萨能奶山羊(其中360～450日龄的青年羊10只,产前一月至产后90天的头胎和2胎羊各14只)血浆GH水平变化,分析了血浆GH水平与奶量的相关性。结果表明:360～450日龄的青年羊血浆GH维持在一个波动较小的范围(20.37±5.17～23.13±5.97ng/ml),头胎羊和二胎羊分娩前后及泌乳早期血浆GH水平的变化趋势相一致,在同一生理状态下,二胎羊血浆GH水平都显著地高于头胎羊。相关分析还表明:头胎羊和二胎羊血浆GH水平都与其奶量呈直线正相关关系(P<0.05)。综上结果可以认为,奶山羊血浆GN水平可作为选育高产奶山羊的一项指标。     

辣椒黄绿苗突变体生物学特性及生长动态研究

对96－140牛角辣椒及96－140辣椒黄绿苗突变体（96－140YBM）生物学特性、生长动态、抗病性等方面进行了测定，试验收结果表明96－140辣椒黄绿苗突变体不仅在生长势，叶片、株重、单果重等方面强于96－140，而且在抗疫病方面明显强于96－140牛角辣椒。96－140YBM性状遗传稳定，苗期遗传标记性状明显，在杂交育种及纯度鉴定上有较大的利用价值。     

双孢蘑菇覆土层有益微生物消长规律

将土样制备成稀释液，采用平板涂布培养法，分析双孢蘑菇覆土期、充分发菌期，原基形成期、采收前和采收后2d5个时期土样中几种有益微生物和消长规律。结果表明，原基表成前和采收后，采白色和采收后2d5下时期土样中几种有益微生物的消化规律。结果表明，原其开前和采收后，采白色孢杆菌(Bacillus)、固氮苗（Azotobacter)和假单胞杆菌（Pseudomonas)数量增加；链霉菌（Streptomyces)数量增减比较平缓，而土灰色芽孢杆菌的数量一直呈下降趋势。     

夏海黄三元杂种牛生长发育研究

测定分析了夏海黄三元杂交后代（公牛３４头，母牛３７头）与豫北黄牛及海黄Ｆ１初生－２４月龄体尺与体重均较豫北黄牛有较大幅度提高，较海黄Ｆ１提高明显，利用夏海黄三元杂交发展肉牛生产是一条有效途径。     

内2优6号生育特性及高产栽培技术模式研究

内2优6号全生育期146d,适于单季稻种植,分蘖力中等,株型较大,每穗约200粒,粒重高,千粒重30.5g,抗倒性较强。但叶片较长较宽。高产栽培的关键,培育壮苗,扩行稀植,控制中后期氮肥用量,增施钾肥,浅湿干灌溉,促进根系生长,提高根系活力和结实率。     

药物防治蝇害的研究进展

蝇害已经成为危害规模化畜禽养殖的重要问题。文章回顾了防治蝇害的三代杀虫剂的发展过程和存在的问题 ;展望了作为新一代环境友好防治蝇害药物的昆虫生长调节剂的开发前景。     

Effect of Split Nitrogen Application on Growth and Yield of Wheat (T. aestivum L.) Genotypes with Different N-Assimilation Potential

A field experiment was conducted with different nitrogen regimes to assess the growth and yield performance of wheat genotypes which differ in nitrate assimilation potential. Genotypic differences in biomass accumulation were observed at different growth stages. The nitrogen treatment had little effect on biomass accumulation at early stages of growth, while at later stages of growth there was enhanced biomass accumulation when N was applied in more than two splits. On an average, genotypes with high nitrate reductase activity (the 'HNR' genotypes) accumulated 14.2 % more biomass than the genotypes with low nitrate reductase activity ('LNR' genotypes) when an extra dose (40 kg N ha⁻¹) of nitrogen was given at the time of anthesis. The application of nitrogen in more than two splits increased grain yield of both 'HNR' and 'LNR' genotypes mainly by increasing grain weight per ear. The application of an extra dose of nitrogen (40 kg N ha⁻¹) at the time of anthesis increased grain yield of 'HNR' genotypes by 38.5 % as compared to 'LNR' genotypes.