10种隼形目鸟类飞羽羽小枝显微结构的比较

利用扫描电镜对10种隼形目鸟类飞羽的显微结构进行了观察和比较。结果表明,飞羽主要由有钩羽小枝和无钩羽小枝构成;有钩羽小枝的羽小钩数,纤毛的数量、长短、粗细,腹齿数,无钩羽小枝的腹齿数以及羽小枝复杂末端是否呈节状等特征在不同种类间存在差异。单因素方差分析表明,用于分析的3个参数在2个物种间至少有1个参数差异显著,说明把这些参数综合起来考虑对物种鉴定具有一定的可行性,但在科间、属间情况比较,无规律可循。     

The raptor community of Central Sulawesi: habitat selection and conservation status

Diurnal raptors were surveyed in Central Sulawesi on foot in 16 sample areas, and by car along 2700 km road transects in August-September 2000. All 23 resident species were recorded and their frequency of occurrence assessed in broad habitat categories. Farmlands were unusually poor in raptors. Of their six associated species, the formerly common black kite (Milvus migrans) may be almost extirpated. Indiscriminate pesticide use is suspected to be a major factor. Wetlands and sea-coasts are limited in area and are also the most heavily disturbed natural habitats. All four piscivorous eagles were found to be rare or very local. Among them, only the grey-headed fishing-eagle (Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus) was found to be more frequent than was previously known. Excessive human fishing pressure may be the main threat, together with extensive wetland conversion into ricefields or fishponds. Forest raptors (13 species), including all Sulawesi endemic Falconiformes, were the most numerous and widespread birds of prey. Although they exhibited a fairly high tolerance to forest degradation and fragmentation (insular syndrome), their main threat is the high deforestation rate, especially the loss of the presumably more productive lowland forests.     

猛禽非损伤性取样的性别分子鉴定方法

利用性染色体上CHD基因的P2/P8和2550F/2718R两对引物及微卫星位点(NVHfp102),对多种猛禽通过非损伤性取样进行性别分子鉴定研究。结果显示:2550F/2718R引物适用于隼形目脱落的有羽根羽毛和无羽根的不完整羽毛,拔取标本的羽毛可以进行鉴定尝试,适用于鸮形目脱落的有羽根羽毛,脱落的无羽根不完整羽毛和拔取标本的羽毛不必进行鉴定尝试;利用P2/P8引物进行非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳性别鉴定适用于猛禽脱落的无羽根不完整羽毛和拔取的标本羽毛;微卫星位点(NVHfp102)适用于隼科鸟类各种样本。     

NORMAL XERORADIOGRAPHIC AND RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY OF THE RED-TAILED HAWK (BUTEO JAMAICENCIS), WITH REFERENCE TO OTHER DIURNAL RAPTORS

The purpose of this study was to provide a reference for xeroradiographic and conventional radio-graphic anatomy of the red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicencis) as a representative of the avian Order Falconiformes. The head, body, wing, and pelvic limb of three adult birds were radiographed using xeroradiographic and conventional radiographic techniques. Twelve xeroradiographs and their corresponding conventional radiographs were selected, and the xeroradiographs labeled to illustrate the normal anatomy of these regions.     

Mandibular cheek tooth eruption and development in Hereford cross Friesian steers as a means of age determination

Summary

The development of the mandibular cheek teeth was examined, both visually and by radiograph, in a group of 76 Hereford cross Friesian steers, of which all but one were slaughtered at the same weight ‐ 464 kg (1020 lb).

The age of the youngest animal was 1 year 0.3 months whereas the slaughter ages of the others ranged from I year 3 months to I year 8 months. The first molar was fully erupted and crown and root formation complete in all but the youngest steer. In the other five cheek teeth there were one or more siginificant differences between the mean ages of tooth development stages as assessed by radiograph. Cattle of 1 year 3 months could not be absolutely distinguished from those of 1 year 8 months by intra‐oral second molar eruption. Examination of stages of development seen radiographically gave a maximum age range of 4 months before differentiation. In this study, development bf the first two molars was in advance of the three permanent premolars and in these latter teeth the second premolar was the most developed.