Effect of curdlan on the quality of frozen-cooked noodles during frozen storage

Frozen-cooked noodles (FCN) and its components undergo quality changes during frozen storage, such as reduced textural and cooking qualities, weakened gluten network, and damaged starch properties; thus, storage condition is a critical factor affecting the final quality of FCN. In this study, in view of the thermoirreversible high-strength gel property (at ≥ 80 °C) of curdlan, strong hydrophilicity, and freeze-thawed stability of high-strength gel prepared from curdlan powder, the effect of curdlan on the quality of FCN during frozen storage was first evaluated. The results showed that curdlan was effective in reducing cooking loss, enhancing water absorption, and improving textural properties of FCN; the improving effect presented a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the amount of increasing curdlan (0.1%–0.9%); and the addition of 0.5% curdlan was most effective in improving the quality of FCN. Thermal gravimetric analysis indicated that curdlan enhanced thermal stability of FCN, implying curdlan could strengthen the gluten network. Meanwhile, structural observations revealed that, during frozen storage, FCN with added curdlan exhibited a more continuous and compact gluten network accompanied with more uniform and smaller ice crystals. Thus, curdlan is desirable to be used as a novel gum in FCN to provide specific functionality and minimize the negative effect of frozen storage. This study provides new insights into the quality improvement of FCN and further expands the application potential of curdlan in food industry.     

可德兰多糖的分离纯化和化学结构分析

用酸碱法从产碱杆菌突变株C125的发酵液中提取Curdlan粗多糖样品CD-1,经Sevage法脱蛋白、纤维素柱层析脱色后,用Sephadex G-100凝胶层析柱分离纯化得多糖CD-2.紫外分光法及Sephadex G-200凝胶柱层析法检测CD-2为均一多糖,Sephadex G-200柱层析测得CD-2的分子量为65300Da,完全酸水解后纸层析检测CD-2的单糖组成中仅有葡萄糖,分析CD-2的红外光谱、核磁共振谱得知CD-2多糖的化学结构是以β-(1,3)糖苷键连接而成的无分枝的葡聚糖.     

可得然胶高产菌株的亚硝基胍诱变育种及其发酵条件的优化

[目的]研究用亚硝基胍(NTG)对产可得然胶菌株进行诱变育种及发酵条件优化,为可得然胶产量提升的研究提供参考。[方法]以土壤杆菌HS615(Agrobacterium sp.)为出发菌株,通过NTG诱变筛选高产菌株,再利用单因素和正交试验设计优化发酵培养基,提高得率。[结果]根据致死率确定了NTG的诱变条件为0.5 mg/mL,NTG处理30 min。其次根据菌落颜色和大小确定了初筛平板培养基为1.0%葡萄糖,0.2%酵母粉,0.05%苯胺蓝,初始pH为7.0。经过NTG诱变得到1株可得然胶得率比出发菌株高11.79%的高产菌株。单因素和正交试验设计优化发酵培养基成分为11.0%蔗糖,0.3%玉米浆,0.2%KH_2PO_4,0.2%K2HPO4,0.2%NH_4Cl,0.2%CaCO_3,0.1%MgSO_4·7H_2O,此时可得然胶得率为5.67%,比优化前提高了6.78%,比初始产量提高了19.37%。[结论]该研究可为可得然胶高产菌株筛选及发酵条件优化提供参考依据。     

热凝胶多糖产生菌株的复合诱变选育

[目的]提高热凝胶多糖产量和凝胶特性。[方法]采用紫外线和亚硝基胍对土壤杆菌714进行诱变;通过平板-摇瓶筛选方法,得到2株高产菌。[结果]突变菌株0.6-45和0.5-50的热凝胶多糖粗提得率分别为26.5和26.4 g/L,分别是出发菌株粗提得率(3.8 g/L)的7.0和6.9倍,热凝胶多糖精提得率分别为19.4和18.0 g/L。凝胶特性分析表明,突变菌株热凝胶多糖凝胶的破裂强度、破裂位移、弹性、内聚性、恢复性较好,均高于市售样品,而凝胶强度、硬度、胶着性和咀嚼性低于市售样品。GPC测定菌株0.6-45和菌株0.5-50产热凝胶多糖的MW分别为1.57×10~6和1.27×10~6Da。[结论]复合诱变提高了热凝胶多糖的产量并改善了多糖的凝胶特性。