旋花科植物ITS序列分析

通过提取白色圆叶牵牛基因组的DNA及紫色重瓣圆叶牵牛的DNA,对其内转录间隔区(ITS)序列进行PCR扩增和序列测定.采用BLAST方法,将测序结果在GenBank中进行同源搜索,采用邻接距离矩阵法构建了与其亲缘关系接近的旋花科14个种基于ITS序列的系统发育树,并分析了它们的亲缘关系.结果表明,原牵牛属和番薯属的亲缘关系较近,打碗花属、旋花属与番薯属为旋花科两大亲缘关系较远的类群;疑似新种的紫色重瓣圆叶牵牛并非一个新种,而是属于圆叶牵牛种下分类水平的变种或变型.     

Genetic diversity and systematic relationships in sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) and related species as revealed by RAPD analysis

Summary Fifteen 10mer primers, in combination with the Stoffel fragment, were used to detect random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) among 26 accessions of sweetpotato (I. batatas (L.) Lam.) from Oceania, Peru, the Philippines, and the United States and between 8 Ipomoea species from section Batatas. Phenetic and principal coordinate analysis of the 56 polymorphisms detected within the hexaploid I. batatas clearly delineated the South Pacific and the Peruvian sweetpotato lines. The two U.S. cultivars clustered with the Oceanic materials. Cladistic and phenetic analysis of 8 Ipomoea species supports previously published phylogenies based on morphological and RFLP data. Among the species examined, I. tabascana, I. trifida and the tetraploid forms of I. batatas from Mexico and Ecuador, including I. batatas var. apiculata, are the taxa most closely related to the cultivated hexaploid I. batatas. These findings support the utility of RAPD markers for evaluating genetic diversity in sweetpotato and for establishing taxonomic and evolutionary relationships in Ipomoea.     

Two new antioxidant bergenin derivatives from the stem of Rivea hypocrateriformis

Two new bergenin derivatives, named rivebergenin A and B (1, and 2), together with two known compounds, bergenin (3) and norbergenin (4) were isolated from the stem of Rivea hypocrateriformis (Desr.) Choisy. The structures of the new compound have been assigned from ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectra, DEPT, and by 2D COSY, HMQC, and HMBC experiments. Compounds 1-4 showed the strong antioxidant activity.     

甘薯台龟甲对寄主植物选择性的研究

甘薯台龟甲与寄主植物之间关系研究结果表明,甘薯台龟甲嗜食旋花科植物.强迫取食试验发现,甘薯台龟甲能少量取食薇甘菊,但不能满足其生长发育;而在旋花科植物上取食力和繁殖力强,对旋花科杂草的生物防治有一定作用.选择性取食试验结果表明,在甘薯台龟甲的寄主范围内,任何世代的成虫和幼虫对供试寄主群中各种植物的选择性差异不明显.