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排序方式: 共有263条查询结果,搜索用时 24 毫秒
1.
The effect of separate chilling (5°C for 2 and 4 days) on the shoots and roots of two maize hybrid seedlings on the electric potential, the composition of fatty acids and the ATPase activity in the microsomes of non-chilled leaves and roots (20°C) was investigated. It has been found that the low temperatures induced on the non-chilled organs gave similar changes to organs exposed to a reduced temperature. The changes consisted of a parallel depolarization of leaf and root membranes and similarly a decrease in the ATPase activity as well as changes in the unsaturation of the membranes' fatty acids. The reduction of the acid content 18:2 was particularly significant, which in the leaf microsomes correlated with a drop in the ATPase activity.
The similarity between the reactions of the chilled and non-chilled parts of the plant gives evidence of a communication' between the organs which may facilitate a coordinated reaction of the entire organism to stress. The background for these phenomena could be die action potential of die chilled parts of seedlings which, in the non-chilled parts, might produce changes in the structure of biomembranes and in the activity of enzymes. 相似文献
The similarity between the reactions of the chilled and non-chilled parts of the plant gives evidence of a communication' between the organs which may facilitate a coordinated reaction of the entire organism to stress. The background for these phenomena could be die action potential of die chilled parts of seedlings which, in the non-chilled parts, might produce changes in the structure of biomembranes and in the activity of enzymes. 相似文献
2.
J. Guan J. C. Kapteyn A. Kerkenaar M. A. De Waard 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(5):313-324
Differential accumulation of [14C]imazalil and [14C]fenarimol by germlings of wild-type and DMI-resistant isolates ofPenicillium italicum was studied at various pH values. At pH 7 and 8 the low-resistant isolate E300–3 accumulated 22% and 35%, respectively, less imazalil than the wild-type isolate W5. Imazalil accumulation at pH 5 and 6 was similar. Isolate E300–3 also accumulated less fenarimol as compared with the wild-type isolate. This difference was much more obvious than for imazalil and was observed at all pH values tested. Differences in accumulation of both imazalil and fenarimol between low (E300–3), medium (H17) and high resistant (I33) isolates were not observed. These results suggest that decreased accumulation of DMIs is responsible for a low level of resistance only and that additional mechanisms of resistance might operate in isolates with a medium and high degree of resistance. With all isolates fenarimol accumulation was energy-dependent. This was not obvious for imazalil.The wild-type and DMI-resistant isolates had a similar plasma membrane potential as determined with the probe [14C]tetraphenylphosphonium bromide ([14C]TPP+). Various test compounds, among which ATPase inhibitors, ionophoric antibiotics and calmodulin antagonists, affected the accumulation of [14C]TPP+, [14C]imazalil and [14C]fenarimol. No obvious correlation between the effects of the test compounds on accumulation levels of the fungicides and [14C]TPP+ could be observed. These results indicate that the plasma membrane potential does not mediate the efflux of DMI fungicides byP. italicum. 相似文献
3.
The effects of azadirachtin (AZA) and nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) on midgut enzyme activity in Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Tobacco cutworm) were evaluated. Gut enzyme activities were decreased by AZA and NPV individually and in combination. When S. litura larvae were fed a diet of castor leaves treated with AZA and NPV in bioassays, gut enzyme—acid phosphatases, alkaline phosphatases, adenosine triphosphatases, and lactate dehydrogenase—activities were decreased. There were statistically significant differences (P ? 0.05) in enzyme activities between combined and individual treatment. A synergistic effect of botanical insecticides and virus was found when combined in low doses. These effects are most pronounced in early instars. Maximum weight loss (59-72%) occurred, when AZA and NPV were combined. 相似文献
4.
Disaccharide combinations and the expression of enolase3 and plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase isoform in sturgeon sperm cryopreservation 下载免费PDF全文
Acipenser sinensis and Acipenser dabryanus are critically endangered species, so germplasm conservation via cryopreservation of sperm is necessary. Disaccharides can act as membrane‐impermeable cryoprotectants, and enolase3 (ENO3) and plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase isoform (PMCA2) are proteins associated with sperm quality. We considered seven characteristics of sperm quality in cultured brood stock from A. sinensis and A. dabryanus. We tested use of sucrose or trehalose alone and in combination at different concentrations for cryopreservation of A. dabryanus sperm. A low concentration of sucrose plus trehalose (S15T15) was optimal. Mixing of the extender with sucrose, lactose, or trehalose alone or with pairwise mixtures revealed that a mixture of lactose and trehalose (L15T15) gave the best results for both A. sinensis and A. dabryanus. Enolase3 and PMCA2 expression levels were measured in cryopreserved A. sinensis sperm via Western blotting. Relative ENO3 and PMCA2 expression levels were examined, and the relationship between disaccharide composition, sperm quality and protein expression was explored in A. sinensis. The results showed that relative ENO3 and PMCA2 expression levels were the highest at L15T15 in cryopreserved A. sinensis sperm. There were significant positive correlations between ENO3 expression and percentage membrane integrity, and between PMCA2 expression and sperm motility parameters (percentage of motile sperm, curvilinear velocity, straight‐line velocity and average path velocity; p < .05) in cryopreserved A. sinensis sperm. Our results indicate the optimal disaccharide combination and concentrations for cryopreservation of A. sinensis and A. dabryanus sperm and suggest that ENO3 and PMCA2 expression levels could serve as a valuable indicator of sperm quality in A. sinensis. 相似文献
5.
Freshwater mussel Lamellidens marginalis showed a Ca2+-stimulated ATPase activity in the microsomal fraction of gill. Mg2+ was also found to be an activating cation for this ATPase enzyme. Ca2+ ATPase showed maximal activity at 40 °C and between pH 7.5–8.0. Substrate specificity of Ca2+ ATPase was highest with ATP, followed by GTP and other trinucleotides such as UTP, CTP and ADP also showed some amount of hydrolysis. Ca2+ ATPase showed slight inhibition with ruthenium red and sodium vanadate and is insensitive to sodium azide, ouabain, oligomycin B and phenylalanine. Heavy metals like Hg2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ showed 50% inhibition of Ca2+ ATPase activity at concentrations of 0.25 mM, 0.5 mM and 1 mM, respectively whereas Cd2+ and Ni2+ showed 39% and 28% inhibition of enzyme activity at 1 mM concentrations. 相似文献
6.
水杨酸与高温锻炼对高温胁迫下葡萄叶肉细胞质膜ATPase活性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用水性两相分配法对经水杨酸(SA)和高温锻炼处理过的葡萄幼苗叶肉细胞中ATPase进行了分离和测定.结果表明:高温下,细胞质膜ATPase活性随着胁迫程度的加深均呈下降趋势,经SA和高温锻炼预处理后再经高温胁迫,发现质膜ATPase的活性低于正常条件下的水平(CK1),但明显高于未经处理直接进行高温胁迫后ATPase活性水平,即高温锻炼和SA预处理的质膜酶活仍保持了较高的活性,并且后一种处理效果更明显.说明质膜上ATPase活性的变化对高温胁迫作出了一定的响应,SA和高温锻炼对提高葡萄幼苗叶片的抗热性与二者可以维持细胞质膜上ATPase活性的稳定有关. 相似文献
7.
8.
硅酸盐细菌促进玉米生长的生理机制 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用土培与水培试验相结合的方法研究了硅酸盐细菌促进玉米生长的生理学机制。结果表明,硅酸盐细菌可以增加玉米的生物量和含水量;叶片中叶绿素的含量比对照高20%以上。硅酸盐细菌还能提高植物体内的硝酸还原酶(NRA)和ATPase的活性,促进植物对N素的吸收和利用。硅酸盐细菌处理可降低介质中的pH,从而有利于介质中养分的活化与迁移。 相似文献
9.
不同强度静电场长期处理对3种作物几种光合生理指标的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
在0.1、0.3和0.5 kV·cm-1不同场强的静电场长期作用下,大豆、黄瓜和油青菜心叶片的叶绿素含量、PSⅡ的潜在活性和原初光能转换效率、叶绿体Mg2 -ATP酶和Ca2 -ATP酶活性以及光合代谢产物可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量均有不同程度的提高,表明用静电场长期处理作物能够有效地改善作物的光合性能,促进作物的光合作用与光合产物的积累.不同作物对不同场强静电场的响应有所差异,本试验条件下,对大豆、黄瓜和油青菜心处理效果最好的静电场强度分别为0.1、0.3 和0.5 kV·cm-1. 相似文献
10.
渗透胁迫下小麦幼苗根质膜ATP酶活性与膜透性的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
经-1.0MP。聚乙二醇PEG渗透胁迫处理72h的小麦根系质膜透性可逆升高,抗旱品种(陕合6号)增幅小于干旱敏感品种(郑引1号),反复胁迫易导致质膜透性的不可逆伤害;PMH^+-ATPase活性降低下降比质膜透性严重受伤害早,且不易恢复,可能是渗透胁迫伤害的原初作用点;PMCa^2+-ATPase活性强弱取决于小麦抗旱性强弱;渗透胁迫下的质膜透性变化与PM ATPase活性变化不呈现直接相关。 相似文献