Effects of neemgard on phytophagous and predacious mites and on Spiders

The effects of Neemgard, an acaricidal and fungicidal formulation obtained from neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernels, on the phytophagous miteTetranychus cinnabarinus, the predacious mitePhytoseiulus persimilis, and the predatory spiderChiracanthium mildei, were investigated in laboratory experiments. Neemgard was highly toxic toT. cinnabarinus but had no toxic effect onC. mildei orP. persimilis. Another neem formulation—the insecticidal Neemix 45—caused conspicuous repellency, but no mortality, inT. cinnabarinus.     

45%丙环唑悬浮剂对不同小麦品种室内安全性测定

为了探索45%丙环唑悬浮剂对青海省春小麦的安全性,设置45%丙环唑悬0.2、0.4、0.8 mg·g-1的不同处理。结果表明以株高和鲜重抑制率为指标,各品种对药剂的敏感性差异显著;在0.2 mg·g-1剂量下青春38、青春39、通麦1号、阿勃4个品种安全;在丙环唑0.4 mg·g-1剂量下对青春38、青春39、阿勃安全,对通麦1号安全性差;在丙环唑0.8 mg·g-1剂量下对4个品种的安全性都较差。     

苦瓜新品种如玉45 号的选育

如玉45 号是以BAL-22-31 为母本，以山苦瓜-45 为父本配制而成的中熟苦瓜一代杂种。生长势较强，第1 雌花节位第17 节左右，主侧蔓均可结瓜；商品瓜长6 cm 左右，横径3 cm 左右，单瓜质量40 g 左右，老熟瓜可达200 g；果实两头较尖，橄榄形，瓜皮深绿色，纵棱尖瘤，肉质脆嫩，苦味较重，回味甘甜，总皂甙含量较高，适合煲汤和深加工；田间鉴定对枯萎病和白粉病的抗性较强，一般产量4 200 kg·（667 m²）^-1 左右，采收期可达6 个月，适宜福州以南龙岩、漳州、泉州、厦门等地栽培。     

弧形钢闸门抗滑稳定可靠性分析

以弧形钢闸门自重、静水压力、闸墩及护坡自重、闸墩基础与地基间的摩擦系数和基底粘着力等因素作为随机变量,探讨了弧形钢闸门抗滑稳定可靠性分析方法,建立了抗滑稳定极限状态方程。结合工程实例对弧形钢闸门抗滑稳定可靠性进行了定量分析,可靠性指标b为4.1688,失效概率Pf为6.717×10-5,并与传统的容许应力法作了比较。结果表明,该方法更科学、更合理、更具有实际意义。     

钢丝绳隔振器驾驶座减振性能研究

介绍了拖拉机非线性驾驶座动态特性分析和随机振动试验技术。该技术是在大量试验的基础上,根据振动理论和数值分析方法,建立起来的非线性驾驶座振动特性分析和仿真技术。将此技术运用到自行研制的复合阻尼钢丝绳隔振器驾驶座的研制和分析上,取得了良好的效果。     

钢球滚子弧面分度凸轮载荷分布

运用空间啮合原理和回转张量法,推导出凸轮滚道截形采用双圆弧结构时,钢球滚子弧面分度凸轮的廓面方程和啮合方程.应用赫兹接触理论和变形协调条件,推导出载荷在每个参与啮合钢球中的分配关系.通过实例计算,发现每个钢球上的载荷大小分配不同,在钢球的啮入、啮出点,钢球受力发生突变,参与啮合的钢球数目越多,每个钢球的受力越小.     

钢辊式圆捆打捆机结构改进与试验

为解决小型钢辊式圆捆捡拾打捆机秸草打捆时的堵塞问题,对其结构进行了改进试验。在试验中,采用了增加喂入单辊、喂入对辊结构,并对其喂入能力、可靠性指标进行了测定。经过结构改进试验,得出配有喂入对辊（上辊沿轴向配置高19.5mm、直径160mm、间距48mm圆环,下辊直径160mm、沿周向配置高6.5mm横板）的钢辊式圆捆打捆机可较好地解决秸草打捆中的堵塞问题,并能扩大其适用范围,提高其工作性能和工作可靠性。     

Molecular Markers for Leaf Rust Resistance Gene Lr45 in Wheat Based on AFLP Analysis

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was carried out in Thatcher, near isogenic lines (NILs) carrying different genes conferring resistance against wheat leaf rust, and TcLr45 x Thatcher F₂ progenies were used to develop markers for Lr45 gene. Sixty AFLP primer combinations were screened and most of them provided clear amplification products, 31 primer combinations displayed polymorphism of TcLr45 in 23 NILs. Two AFLP markers closely linked to the gene Lr45 were acquired: P-AGG/M-GAG_{261 bp}, which was found closely linked to the Lr45 locus at a distance of 0.6 cM on one side, and P-ACA/M-GGT_{105 bp}, which was found at a distance of 1.3 cM on the other side. The specific bands were cloned and subsequently sequenced. The 261-bp fragment produced by P-AGG/M-GAG showed 86% similarity with the sequence of Vulgare Hart I gene; the 105-bp fragment produced by P-ACA/M-GGT showed 96% similarity with the phosphatidylserine decarboxylase gene of the Triticum monococcum. Both included an open reading frame (ORF).     

中国假霜霉属分类的研究

本文报告对我国5种假霜霉的研究结果,其中荨麻假霜霉(Pseudoperonosporaurticae)是在中国的首次记录。标本保存于四川雅安四川农业大学。     

葛根素提取工艺及其表征的研究

通过对野葛根中葛根素的分离提纯研究,发现溶剂的浓度对葛根素的收率及酸解过程中盐酸浓度对葛根素晶体纯度的影响均非常明显。为此,对这两个因素做进一步研究,结果表明：45%乙醇抽提时收率达2%;5%盐酸酸解时纯度达95.8%。并对提取物结构进行了1H NMR1、3C NMR、MS、IR表征。为进一步研究葛根素的应用奠定了基础。