Binding Sites for Ca2+-Channel Effectors and Ryanodine in Periplaneta americana—Possible Targets for New Insecticides

The calcium channel and the ‘calcium release channel’ of muscle membrane of the cockroach Periplaneta americana have been characterized. Biological assays with calcium channel blockers and ryanodine on different insects and acari revealed pronounced insecticidal effects with ryanodine, but not with calcium channel blockers, at concentrations between 0·1 and 300 μg ml⁻¹. Skeletal muscle membranes derived either from the tubular network or from the sarcoplasmatic reticulum of P. americana were characterized with respect to the binding of the dihydropyridine (DHP) [³H]isradipine (PN 200-110), the phenyl-alkylamine [³H]verapamil and the alkaloid [³H]ryanodine. Preliminary binding studies with the benzothiazepine [³H]diltiazem suggest a low-affinity binding site with a IC₅₀ value of 3·3 μM . All binding sites tested were sensitive to treatment with proteinase K. Optimal conditions for binding of the radioligand ryanodine revealed the highest specific binding at pH 8 and at calcium chloride concentrations between 100 and 500 μM . EGTA at 10 μM abolished 95% of the ryanodine binding. Binding studies with calcium channel binding sites revealed a pronounced effect of low Ca²⁺ concentrations on specific isradipine binding, whereas verapamil and diltiazem binding were only reduced by the presence of 200 μM EGTA. With respect to high Ca²⁺ concentrations, specific binding of diltiazem, isradipine and verapamil was reduced by 73, 40 and 20%, respectively, at 5 mM Ca²⁺. Radioligand binding experiments showed high-affinity binding sites for ryanodine and isradipine. K_D values of 0·95 nM (B_max=550 fmol mg⁻¹ protein) and 0·75 nM (B_max=213 fmol mg⁻¹ protein) were determined respectively. A lower-affinity binding site was identified in binding studies with verapamil (K_D=7·4 nM and B_max=27 fmol mg⁻¹ protein). [³H]isradipine displacement studies with several dihydropyridines revealed the following ranking of affinity: nitrendipine>isradipine>Bay K8664≪nicardipine. Displacement of [³H]verapamil binding by effectors of the phenylalkylamine binding site showed that bepridil and S(-)verapamil had the highest affinities of the compounds tested followed by (±)verapamil, nor-methylverapamil and R(+)verapamil.     

极早熟机收玉米新玉110号的产量潜力与机收性能分析

【目的】 分析极早熟复播玉米新品种新玉110号的产量潜力和机收性能,为玉米新品种推广提供科学依据。【方法】 以新疆南疆复播极早熟玉米区域试验玉米新品种新玉110号为材料,对照为新玉10号,采用作物品种区域试验统计系统RCT99分析产量、品质等。【结果】 新玉110号复播区试产量522.27 kg/667m²,比对照新玉10号增产12.13%,生产试验552.67 kg/667m²,比对照增产17.01%;生育期87.9 d,比对照早熟2.9 d;籽粒容重768 g/L,粗蛋白含量9.9%,粗淀粉含量74.92%,粗脂肪含量4.6%;抗倒伏,抗玉米瘤黑粉病、丝黑穗病和粗缩病,成熟是苞叶自然张开,脱水快。【结论】 新玉110号产量高,增产潜力大,属极早熟强优势玉米杂交种,品质优良,适应性广,适宜新疆南疆地区复播和北疆冷凉地区春播种植,所需≥10℃有效积温2 200℃,适合机械粒收。     

吉林省实施"农技110"信息服务模式的探讨

从吉林省农业信息化建设实际情况出发，积极探索运用新型呼叫中心运行系统、信息共享服务平台、新闻媒体和现有农技推广模式，建立适合吉林省省情的有效的“农技110”信息服务体系，并在实施“农技110”信息服务模式的保障体制方面进行了有益的探索和创新。     

嫩江县大豆栽培模式及应用情况

目前生产上大豆栽培模式主要是“垄三”栽培、110cm密植栽培和45cm双条密植栽培。本文详细介绍各种模式的技术内容和应用情况。     

微信公众平台在三亚市农业科技110中的推广应用

分析三亚市农业科技110推广现状,结合农技人员与农户的交流情况,提出建立“三亚市农业科技110指挥中心微信公众平台”(以下简称“三亚微信公众平台”),创新农业信息服务的思路。在现有服务方式基础上新增多种交流方式,实现同时发送文字、图片、语音、视频等交流方式,以期快速了解并及时解决农民遇到的问题,节约时间和降低成本,实现“点对点”、“一对多”、“一对一”服务,有效地解决农业科技110推广服务最后一公里问题。     

对虾白斑综合征病毒囊膜蛋白VP110在中国明对虾鳃细胞中结合蛋白的鉴定与特性

为了鉴定对虾白斑病综合征病毒(WSSV)囊膜蛋白VP110在中国明对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)鳃细胞中的结合蛋白, 运用pET-32(a)+载体构建了1段含RGD模体的截短VP110原核重组表达质粒, 转化大肠杆菌诱导表达后获得分子量为41 kD的截短重组VP110蛋白(rVP110)。以rVP110作为诱饵蛋白, 运用pull-down实验结合蛋白质谱分析鉴定rVP110结合蛋白, 结果显示, 中国明对虾鳃细胞中的肌动蛋白和精氨酸激酶(arginine kinase,AK)与rVP110具有结合作用。利用PCR扩增中国明对虾AK编码基因, 将其与表达载体pGEX-4T-1连接后转化大肠杆菌诱导表达获得重组AK蛋白(rAK), 通过pull-down实验进一步证实rAK可与rVP110发生结合。克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkia)体内中和实验结果显示, rAK对WSSV感染克氏原螯虾具有一定的中和作用, 能延缓螯虾的死亡进程。另外, 中国明对虾在人工感染WSSV后, 荧光定量PCR检测结果显示, AK基因表达水平显著上调, 18 h时达到峰值, 然后下降至正常水平; 酶底物法检测结果同样显示, 鳃细胞中AK酶活性在感染WSSV后发生显著上调。本研究旨在为深入了解WSSV囊膜蛋白VP110在WSSV感染宿主过程中的作用提供基础依据。

     

水稻不同生育期温光条件对籽粒充实和米质的影响

水稻分期播种是研究水稻品种温光特性比较便捷的途径,在水稻生产上已经被广泛应用。本试验以协优9308和秀水110为材料,利用分期播种试验分析水稻不同生育阶段的温光条件与籽粒充实和稻米品质之间的关系。研究结果表明,有效积温、日照时数和生育期天数在播种一齐穗期和全生育期均随着播期的延长而逐渐下降,但这些指标在齐穗一成熟期均没有明显的规律性。此外,日平均温度在不同生育阶段的变化趋势不一致,在播种一齐穗期随着播期的延迟而上升,全生育期呈先上升后下降的趋势,而在齐穗一收获期则随着播期的延迟而下降。对协优9308而言,在本试验条件下播种一齐穗期的温光条件对籽粒灌浆、产量及米质的影响均大于齐穗一成熟期,而秀水110的籽粒灌浆速率、产量及米质对不同生育阶段温光条件的响应没有明显的规律性。此外协优9308的产量和恶白度均随着播期的延迟而逐渐减少,整精米率和蛋白质含量则随着播期的延迟而增加,由此看出协优9308比较难同时兼顾高产和优质;秀水110则不同,秀水110的D5处理产量较高,仅次于D3处理,与其相对应的蛋白质含量和整精米率则最高,而恶白度最低。由此笔者认为,只要选择合适的播期,秀水110是可以达到高产优质目的的。     

Establishment of a transgenic heterozygous mouse model of ApcMin/+ precancerosis of colorectal cancer with p110δ mutation

AIM：To establish a transgenic heterozygous mouse model of precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer with p110δ mutation in the C57BL/6J background for serving the studies on colorectal cancer research mediated by p110δ. METHODS：The transgenic heterozygous mice were generated by crossing in p110δD910A/D910A mouse and ApcMin/+ mouse, and the genotype was detected by PCR. Compared with ApcMin/+ mice, transgenic heterozygous mice (ApcMin/+; p110δD910A/D910A)were counted, and the number and size of intestine polyps were analyzed after methylene blue staining. The intestinal tissue structure was assessed by HE staining. RESULTS：The transgenic heterozygous mouse model of precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer with p110δ mutation was established. The number and size of polyps in the transgenic heterozygous mice were declined. CONCLUSION：A transgenic heterozygous mouse model of precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer with p110δ mutation was successfully established. The initial phenotype of intestinal tumors in transgenic mice was observed. This model will greatly contribute to the related research of colorectal cancer in mice.     

Improved MMPs in p110δ-mutant mice contributes to rupture of thoracic aorta

AIM: To observe the pathological characteristics of the thoracic aorta in the p110δ-mutant mice.METHODS: The thoracic aorta of wild type male mice and p110δ-deficient male mice (8 weeks old) were achieved. HE, IHC and IF staining were performed on the paraffin fixed arterial sections. The mRNA expression was detected by real-time PCR.RESULTS: The vascular wall became thinner and the vessel diameter enlarged after inactivating mutation of p110δ. After inactivating mutation of p110δ, the smooth muscle cells showed vacuolar degeneration, morphological disorders and elastic fiber local fracture. The collagen content was reduced after inactivating mutation of p110δ. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and MMP-9 was up-regulated after inactivating mutation of p110δ.CONCLUSION: Inactivating mutation of p110δ may contribute to the injury of artery vascular wall by up-regulation of MMPs.     

金鱼DEAD-box 家族基因p68和p110在配子发生中的表达特征

利用组织原位杂交技术,以地高辛标记的反义RNA为探针,检测了金鱼（Carassius auratus）DEAD-box家族基因p68和p110在卵子发生及精子发生中的表达分布特点。结果表明：在金鱼配子发生中,p68基因在各个时期的卵母细胞均有表达,Ⅰ、Ⅱ期卵母细胞中的表达水平较Ⅲ、Ⅳ期卵母细胞中更高。p68基因的表达只限于精原细胞和初级精母细胞中,p110基因在金鱼精子发生各阶段持续表达,其中精原细胞和初级精母细胞中表达水平较高;在卵子发生中,Ⅰ期卵母细胞中没有p110 RNA阳性信号,Ⅱ期卵母细胞中信号较为强烈,但在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期卵母细胞中杂交信号明显减弱。