Deep Freezing of Boar Semen Packaged in Plastic Bags and Straws

For practical reasons, a large volume (i.e. 5 ml) of frozen boar semen per insemination dose is desirable, but successful freezing has not been achieved, since optimal cooling rates have not yet been established. Post-thaw motility and the acrosome intep'ty of semen from four boars frozen with a programmable freezin machine, in mini-(0.25 ml), maxi-(5 ml) plastic straws and in 10 × 5 cm PVC- or Teflon FEP-plastic bags (0.35 – 0.12 mm thick, 5 ml) was studied. The freezing of the semen was monitored using thermocouples placed in the straws and the bags. The freezing curve started from +5°C, at a rate of −3°C/min, to – 6°C, it was held for 1 min at −6°C, and was followed by further drop to −100°C at a rate of −20°C/min, with subsequent storage in LN₂. The bags had a much shorter freezing point plnteau, compared to the maxi-straws. Post-thaw sperm motility was significantly higher when semen was frozen in mini-straws or in bags than in maxi-straws. The freezing procedure did not cause major acrosomal damages, significantly more normal apical ridges being present in the bags and mini-straws than in the maxi-straws. This in vitro evaluation indicates that the freezing method employed is satisfactory for freezing large volumes of boar semen into plastic bags .     

Correlated Responses in Two Traits when Selection is Practised on their Ratio

In many fields of application in plant breeding and crop science, ratios of two component traits X and Y are of interest (harvest index in cereals, leaf-to-stem ratio in forage legumes, height-to-diameter ratio in forest trees etc.). When selection is practised on the ratio X/Y of two traits X and Y, the experimenter may be interested in the resulting changes of both trait means. Based on improved approximations for the covariances between X and X/Y and between Y and X/Y and for the variance of X/Y the changes in the means of X and Y can be predicted by applying the regression approach from conventional selection theory. Explicit expressions for these correlated responses in X and Y when selection is practised on their ratio X/Y are derived and discussed. The different outcomes (decrease, zero change or increase) for the selection pressures on X and Y are characterized by phenotypic coefficients of variation of X and Y, phenotypic and genotypic correlations between X and Y and heritabilities of X and Y.     

Changes of myocardial glycogen content and right ventricular function in hypoxia swimming rats

AIM: To investigate the changes of myocardium glycogen content and the relation ship between changes of the myocardial glycogen content and the myocardial function. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were placed in (hypoxia rats) and made to swim in (hypoxia swimming rats) a hypobaxic chamber simulating an altitude of 5 000 m above sea level. The content of myocardium glycogens was determined by colorimetry. RESULTS: The myocardium
glycogen content of rats significantly reduced along with the prolongation of hypoxic exposure and approached to control level in hypoxia swimming rats. The myocardial function of right ventricule was improved significantly compared with control group.CONCLUSION: Moderate exercise (swimming) is beneficial to hypoxic adaptation of rats under the condition of chronic hypoxia.     

利用紫茎泽兰栽培田头菇的研究

利用紫茎泽兰作为原料栽培田头菇 ,同时利用稻草和棉籽壳为原料栽培田头菇作对照。研究结果表明 ,代料熟料栽培田头菇的培养基配方中 ,以紫茎泽兰为主要原料的配方A效果最好 ,生物学效率比对照的稻草培养基平均增产 80 %以上。利用紫茎泽兰鲜草和干草作培养基的单产量差异不明显。     

9种除草剂对花生白绢病菌的影响

在实验室条件下测定了氟乐灵、乙草胺、异丙甲草胺、异恶草酮、乳氟禾草灵、乙氧氟草醚、三氟羧草醚、恶草酮、二甲戊乐灵等9种除草剂对花生白绢病菌Sclerotium rolfsi Sacc.的影响.结果表明:9种除草剂对花生白绢病病菌的毒力有较大差异,三氟羧草醚和乙氧氟草醚的毒力较高,IC50分别为7.88mg·L-1和18.91mg·L-1;9种除草剂对菌丝干重均有抑制作用,且随剂量的升高而升高,乙氧氟草醚和三氟羧草醚抑制作用最明显,在100mg·L-1和50mg·L-1时抑制率均达90%以上;除乙草胺和异丙甲草胺部分剂量外,其他除草剂对菌核数量均有不同程度的抑制作用,三氟羧草醚作用最为明显,在供试剂量下抑制率均达96%以上;除乙草胺、氟乐灵在供试剂量下对菌核单重有抑制作用外,其他除草剂在多数剂量下对菌核单重均有刺激作用,三氟羧草醚在50mg·L-1时,是对照菌核单重的8.34倍;而各种除草剂在供试剂量下,对菌核萌发均没有影响.     

烤烟垄间膜侧抗旱栽培试验研究

对甘肃正宁县烤烟垄间和膜上两种不同栽培方式,分别从自然降水的利用率、土壤温湿度的变化、烤烟抗病性、农艺性状及经济效益等方面进行对比分析.结果表明,烤烟垄闻栽培比常规膜上栽培自然降水利率增加,使10 mm以下的无效降水变为有效降水,有效保证了烤烟需水关键期的水分需求;0～50 cm土壤湿度提高15%;上中等烟叶比例提高了23.6%;平均增产921 kg/hm2,增值8 871元/hm2,效果显著.烤烟垄间膜侧抗旱栽培新技术相比常规膜上栽培技术,除抗旱、抗病、增加土壤水分,提高产量产值外,同时能提早揭膜、培土追肥、减少地膜在土壤中的残留,特别适合在温凉半湿润半干旱气候区进行烤烟垄闻膜侧栽培,是烤烟抗旱栽培的一项新措施,推广前景十分广阔.     

不同覆盖方式对土壤肥力和马铃薯产量的影响

为了研究不同覆盖方式对土壤物理特性、有效养分以及马铃薯产量的影响,以早大白马铃薯为试验材料,设置常规露地（对照）和普通聚乙烯地膜、生物可降解膜、稻草3种覆盖方式,比较了不同时期土壤含水率、pH值、养分含量以及产量。结果表明：稻草覆盖保水效果最佳;生物可降解膜覆盖、稻草覆盖在马铃薯生长后期可提高土壤肥力,以生物可降解膜覆盖尤为明显,成熟期几乎所有速效养分指标均高于其他处理,与对照相比,土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别高出7.49 g/kg、23.00 mg/kg、11.0 mg/kg、26.0 mg/kg。综合成本效益,除了稻草覆盖由于小薯多而效益比对照降低22.2%外,普通聚乙烯地膜覆盖和生物可降解膜覆盖比对照效益分别提高29.7%和24.2%。总之,普通聚乙烯地膜和生物可降解膜均可提高马铃薯产量和效益,但生物可降解地膜覆盖还可以改善土壤养分状况,减少环境污染,更具有推广价值。     

柠条枝条覆盖对宁夏荒漠草原土壤水热及补播牧草生物量的影响

干旱是影响宁夏东部沙化区荒漠草地退化的主要自然因素,也是天然草地补播成功率低的主要原因,该地区大面积种植的柠条是土壤覆盖保水的丰富资源,但是缺乏相关研究.选择平坦的、未生长柠条的退化天然补播草地作为研究对象,在临近有柠条生长的草地平茬其柠条枝条用于试验覆盖,研究不同柠条覆盖厚度(TSM0,覆盖0 cm;TSM1,覆盖1...     

橡胶树炭疽病生防内生菌的分离鉴定及抑菌作用研究

目前化学农药的缺点日益突显,研发环保的生防菌剂是当前绿色安全的一种方法,筛选具有抑制橡胶树炭疽病的生防菌株,为研发新型生防菌剂储备资源。本文采用组织培养法分离纯化橡胶树内生菌,平板对峙筛选拮抗菌株;通过菌株培养特征、生理生化、根据16S rRNA和gyrA基因序列构建系统发育树确定其分类地位;采用平板对峙法研究内生菌株的抗菌持久性、稳定性、广谱性;采用牛津杯法研究拮抗内生菌对杀菌剂的敏感性。从橡胶树健康的根组织中分离得到4株对橡胶树炭疽病具有抑制作用的细菌（Bac RZS3D4-1、Bac RZS3D4-2、Bac RZS3D4-3、Bac RZS3D4-4）,系统发育树分析结果显示这4株细菌与解淀粉芽孢杆菌（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）亲缘关系很近,且培养性状和生理生化特征也与解淀粉芽孢杆菌相似。这4株内生菌的抗菌持久性强,抗菌稳定性好;对尖孢炭疽菌（Colletotrichum acutatum）DFMP1E和MLZZP3、小孢拟盘多毛孢（Pestalotiopsis microspora）MF375898均有较强的抑菌能力,对茄类镰刀菌（Fusarium solani）XJ160901的抑制作用较弱;对多菌灵、异菌脲、百菌清、苯醚甲环唑4种杀菌剂均不敏感,有望开发为生防菌剂。     

提高中文社科纸质型期刊利用率的管理探索

文章从三个方面对如何提高中文社科纸质型(或印刷型)期刊利用率的管理进行实践探索,取得良好效果进行阐述。