湘桂走廊白背飞虱早期虫源及灾变大气背景

为阐明湘桂走廊白背飞虱早期虫源及大气背景在其北迁过程中的影响,利用HYSPLIT软件模拟白背飞虱灾变性迁入高峰期、始见期后向轨迹,分别从个性及共性角度,分析湘桂走廊白背飞虱主要虫源地及其灾变大气背景。结果表明：（1）1991—2014年湘桂走廊白背飞虱的迁入始见期、首次迁入高峰期分别为0.9 d/10 a、1.6 d/10 a;（2）西南路径是湘桂走廊白背飞虱初始虫源迁入的主要路径,永福站、兴安站和全州站虫源西南路径占比分别为54%、50%、72%;（3）中南半岛白背飞虱借助微弱上升气流完成起飞,850 hPa高度上的强劲的西南气流、丰富的水汽条件有利于其北迁,降水是白背飞虱降落的重要大气动力机制。研究结果为白背飞虱的异地监测及科学防治提供科学依据。     

基于快速幂法子空间跟踪的低频振荡辨识方法

基于中国农村1986~2010年的时间序列数据，采用状态空间模型和中介效应分析方法检验并测算了农村金融发展对农村贫困的影响效应及其成分。研究结果表明：农村金融发展有效促进了农村贫困缓减，并且在促进农村贫困缓减的过程中中介效应与直接效应并存。     

Video tracking analysis of behavioral patterns during estrus in goats

Here, we report a new method for measuring behavioral patterns during estrus in goats based on video tracking analysis. Data were collected from cycling goats, which were in estrus (n = 8) or not in estrus (n = 8). An observation pen (2.5 m × 2.5 m) was set up in the corner of the female paddock with one side adjacent to a male paddock. The positions and movements of goats were tracked every 0.5 sec for 10 min by using a video tracking software, and the trajectory data were used for the analysis. There were no significant differences in the durations of standing and walking or the total length of movement. However, the number of approaches to a male and the duration of staying near the male were higher in goats in estrus than in goats not in estrus. The proposed evaluation method may be suitable for detailed monitoring of behavioral changes during estrus in goats.     

颗粒在泵叶轮中的运动轨迹计算

首先推导出了在低Ｒｅ下，颗粒在水泵静止的各通流部件及旋转的叶轮中的运动轨迹方程，推导出了在高Ｒｅ下，颗粒在水泵各通流部件上的运动轨迹方程，最后，计算了不同直径的颗粒在水泵叶轮中的运动轨迹。     

The Quasi-dynamic Space Coordinate Measuring System Based On Trigonometry And Its Characteristic

This paper introduces the definition of the quasi-dunamic instrument, analyzes the measuring principle of the double-theodolite space coordinate quasi-dynamic measuring system, builds the experimental system with the currency theodolite and designing the accessorial driving and orientational framework, investigates the dynamic character under variant tracking velocity of this system by the experiments and gians some elementary conclusions. These conclusions play important roles in the compensating the measuring error and in the improving the measuring precision of the measuring system.     

A Research on the Way of EMBET in the Tracking Systems'' Accuracy-analysis During Satellite Launch

In the past, the criterion for calibration has almost invariably been the stellar oriented ballistic camera,the method is a point to point comparison on the identical coordinate system. Deficiencies is follows: The request of weather is severe(cloudless night); The period is often long; the measure equipment of high precision can't be calibrated. While EMBET methods is used in calibration, it does not need criterion and it demands only that the measure elements is larger than 3,and the trajectory and many system errors of the measure elements can be simultaneously calculated with the measure data sequences. The error models of related equipments' measure elements and the EMBET of typical equipment group are given. The EMBET method is successfully used in Accuracy-analysis of Satellite Launch.     

燃料电池三点比较实时电阻匹配最大功率跟踪

依据最大功率传输理论以及燃料电池电气的特性,提出了一种适用于燃料电池的最大功率跟踪控制方法。该方法通过实时在线检测燃料电池工作点处的输出电压与电流并计算燃料电池的内阻和理想状态下欧姆极化区的开路电压,求解出最大功率点对应的电流型变换器的参考电流。通过控制变换器使燃料电池能够较为稳定地工作在燃料电池欧姆极化区的最大功率输出点处。当外界环境发生变化时,通过电流型扰动观察法完成对燃料电池的最大功率点跟踪。所提算法具有功率自校正功能,以减小算法本身对燃料电池功率输出的扰动。仿真结果表明:当负载或者工作环境发生变化时,该算法可以有效地跟踪燃料电池的最大功率点。     

基于硬件在环仿真实现的纯跟踪轨迹控制

在传统验证平台一般都是利用Simulink+Carsim进行联合仿真,缺少在Ros中的调试,这样与实际情况不符。将在搭建Ros+Carsim+Simulink硬件在环环境中进行纯轨迹跟踪的验证。实验结果中设计轨迹与真实轨迹吻合度较高,即该仿真平台可以作为轨迹跟踪实验的实验平台。     

履带车辆自适应预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法

针对现有单边制动履带车辆跟踪控制算法同周期内并行控制难、跟踪精度低、转向控制次数较多等问题,该研究以电控化改装后江苏筑水农机 3B55 型履带运输车为试验平台,开展单边制动履带车辆路径跟踪控制算法研究。通过单边制动履带车辆运动学分析,构建车辆预瞄跟踪模型,提出一种预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法,将横向偏差与航向偏差作为多输入输出模糊控制器输入参数,实现车辆同一控制周期内转向与直线行驶的并行控制。为了优化车辆路径跟踪精度与转向控制次数,提出改进麻雀搜索算法(sparrow search algorithm, SSA)的自适应前视距求解算法,考虑车辆的横向偏差和转向路径角度约束,解析较优前视距离,通过仿真和田间试验对算法进行跟踪精度与转向控制次数综合评价。仿真结果表明：基于自适应预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法跟踪多角度规划路径时,车辆转向控制次数为89次,误差面积为1.74 m²。田间作业路况下,由于试验路面起伏不平,并且随速度增加车辆跟踪精度下降,但跟踪精度及转向控制次数随前视距离的变化规律与仿真结果一致,当车辆分别以0.14、0.47和0.83 m/s跟踪路径时,自适应预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法相对于固定前视距离预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法车辆转向控制次数分别减少13.59%、9.87%和11.25%,误差面积分别减少19.93%、48.48%和54.59%,验证了算法的有效性。研究结果可为单边制动履带车辆的农机自动导航技术提供创新思路与技术支撑。