我国农机标准化建设发展探析

为促进我国农机事业快速、健康发展，论述全面推进农机标准化建设的背景及条件，探讨加快农机标准化建设对我国农业发展的重要现实意义，总结我国农机标准化建设中存在的主要问题，并提出切实可行的发展措施。     

关于数控加工工艺标准化的探讨

随着科学技术水平的不断提升，数控技术得以快速发展。建构数控加工工艺标准化体系具有必要性，能够规范数控技术操作。文章主要论述了数控加工工艺标准过程与内容的设计，并提出数控加工工艺标准化的设计。     

中国草种业标准现状分析

草种子不仅是草业与畜牧业的基石，还是生态文明建设以及城镇景观绿化的重要载体。我国虽是草地资源和草种子利用大国，但却是草种业弱国。标准化是推动草种业快速高质量发展的关键，历经30多年的不懈努力，我国的草种业标准化也取得了积极的进展，但是目前的草种业标准体系还处于混沌状态，缺乏系统的梳理。为了进一步加强和完善我国草种业标准体系构建，推动草种业高质量发展，本文尽可能详细地检索和筛选草种业的现行标准，从种质资源、生产加工、质量检验、包装、贮藏和运输，播种5个方面进行梳理。在此基础上分析了现行标准体系的薄弱之处，提出了需要更新以及尚需制定标准的建议，为草种业标准的制定者和应用者提供服务和便利，为草种业标准体系的完善提供参考。     

推行集中供热设备标准化、系统化管理的探讨

针对集中供热设备标准化、系统化管理,提出了建议与探讨,能更好的满足节能减排和优化城市环境的要求。     

培育富硒产业团体标准的探讨

介绍了富硒产业的发展趋势、标准化对产业的影响,分析了培育和发展团体标准对促进富硒产业发展的积极意义,探讨了发展富硒产业团体标准的有利条件,并提出了开展团体化标准工作的建议。     

ASVCP guidelines: quality assurance for portable blood glucose meter (glucometer) use in veterinary medicine

Portable blood glucose meters (PBGM, glucometers) are a convenient, cost effective, and quick means to assess patient blood glucose concentration. The number of commercially available PBGM is constantly increasing, making it challenging to determine whether certain glucometers may have benefits over others for veterinary testing. The challenge in selection of an appropriate glucometer from a quality perspective is compounded by the variety of analytic methods used to quantify glucose concentrations and disparate statistical analysis in many published studies. These guidelines were developed as part of the ASVCP QALS committee response to establish recommendations to improve the quality of testing using point‐of‐care testing (POCT) handheld and benchtop devices in veterinary medicine. They are intended for clinical pathologists and laboratory professionals to provide them with background knowledge and specific recommendations for quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC), and to serve as a resource to assist the provision of advice to veterinarians and technicians to improve the quality of results obtained when using PBGM. These guidelines are not intended to be all‐inclusive; rather they provide a minimum standard for management of PBGM in the veterinary setting.     

文献信息资源共建共享中的标准化

分析了我国文献信息资源共建共享平台的现状,指出了文献信息资源共建共享存在的问题,论述了文献信息资源建设中的标准化,以及文献信息标准化的趋势。     

中国农业循环经济标准体系构建与对策

农业循环经济标准体系构建是开展农业循环经济的基础性和统领性工作,目前中国在农业循环经济领域已积累了较多成功经验,但尚未建立完整的标准体系。该文剖析了中国农业循环经济标准体系构建所存在的核心问题,基于农业产业链和农产品生命周期视角,系统阐述了中国农业循环经济领域的标准体系构建过程、基本组成、结构维度(包含产业链维、产业维、层次维)、制定原则和结构框图,构建了包括基础、管理通用、产业链链接、方法与专用等4个层次的农业循环经济标准体系;最后详细解析了农业循环经济、生态农业及有机农业标准关系的关系;并根据中国循环农业产业发展的实际需求,按照轻重缓急原则提出亟需制定的相关标准建议,可为中国农业循环经济标准化、规范化发展提供理论依据。     

北京都市型现代农业标准化体系建设研究

农业标准化是现代农业的重要内容和显著标志之一,首都农业发展到都市型现代农业的新阶段,需要建立能促进其快速发展的农业标准体系。应围绕首都农业产业融合化、特色化、多功能性、国际化的特点,建立具有北京都市型现代农业特色的标准化体系,最终实现经济、社会、生态效益最大化。     

Application of the Tweedie distribution to zero-catch data in CPUE analysis

We focus on the zero-catch problem of CPUE (catch per unit effort) standardization. Because the traditional CPUE model with a log-normal error structure cannot be applied in this case, three methods have often been utilized as follows:

(1) Ad hoc method adds a small constant value to all response variables.

(2) Catch model with a Poisson or negative-binomial (NB) error structure.

(3) Delta-type two-step method such as the delta-normal model (after estimating the ratio of zero-catch using a logit or probit model, a model such as CPUE log-normal or Catch-Poisson is applied to CPUE without zero-data).

However, there are some statistical problems with each of these methods.In this paper, we carried out the CPUE standardization mainly using the Tweedie distribution model based on the actual by-catch data (silky shark, Carcharhimus falciformis, in the North Pacific Ocean caught by Japanese training vessels) including many observations with zero-catch (>2/3rd) and tuna fishery data as a target (yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares, in the Indian Ocean caught by Japanese commercial vessels) where the ratio of zero-catch is not so high (<1/3rd). The Tweedie model is an extension of compound Poisson model derived from the stochastic process where the weight of the counted objects (i.e., number of fish) has a gamma distribution and has an advantage of handling the zero-catch data in a unified way.We also compared four candidate models, the Catch-NB model, ad hoc method, Delta-lognormal model (delta-type two-step method) and Tweedie distribution, through CPUE analyses of actual fishery data in terms of the statistical performance. Square error and Pearson's correlation coefficient were calculated based on the observed CPUE and the corresponding predicted CPUE using the n-fold cross-validation.As a result, the differences in the trend of CPUE between years and model performance between the ad hoc method and Tweedie model were found to be not so large in the example of yellowfin tuna (target species). However, the statistical performance of Tweedie distribution is rather better than Delta-lognormal model, the Catch-NB distribution and ad hoc method in the example of silky shark (by-catch species). Standardized CPUE year trend of ad hoc method was found to be quite different from that of the Tweedie distribution and other two models. Model performance of the Tweedie distribution is good judging from the 5-fold cross-validation using the fishery data if including many zero-catch data such as by-catch species.