食用菌复合保水颗粒菌种生产工艺及其应用研究

运用微生物发酵技术，配合新型合成材料，研制出食用菌复合保水颗粒菌种。这类菌种可保持活力60d。这一工艺可用于糙皮侧耳、金针菇、灵芝、白灵菇、杏鲍菇、鸡腿蘑和鲍鱼菇等多种食用菌苗种的制作。栽培试验证明，此类菌种的菌丝生长速度、现蕾时间、生物学效率与常用的棉籽壳菌种相似。     

Surgical management of bilateral,upper and lower eyelid entropion in 27 Shar Pei dogs,using the Stades forced granulation procedure of the upper eyelid only

ABSTRACT

Aims: To evaluate the outcome of surgical management of entropion of the upper and lower eyelids in Shar Pei dogs which had previously undergone temporary palpebral tacking, using the Stades forced granulation procedure of the upper eyelid only.

Methods: Medical records were retrospectively searched to identify Shar Pei dogs referred for bilateral entropion of both the lower and upper eyelids, and that were treated with the forced granulation procedure of the upper eyelid only. Dogs were included if they had previously undergone unsuccessful temporary palpebral tacking and had at least three follow-up examinations in the 30 days following surgery.

Results: Twenty-seven Shar Pei dogs with a median age of 7.9 (min 4, max 24) months were included in the study. Before surgery, all dogs showed signs of severe ocular discomfort with bilateral keratitis and visual deficit due to blepharospasm, enophthalmos and protrusion of the third eyelid. In 13/54 eyes, keratitis was associated with a corneal ulcer. When re-examined 4 weeks after surgery, correction of the upper eyelid entropion and associated trichiasis resolved ocular signs in 50/54 eyes. Mild bilateral lower entropion remained in two dogs postoperatively, which underwent revision surgery with the Hotz-Celsus technique. There were no cases of long-term recurrence of entropion or ocular irritation in the 38 eyes (19 dogs) which were re-examined 1 year after surgery.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: The forced granulation procedure performed on the upper eyelid only was effective for correction of entropion in the Shar Pei dogs included in this study. In our experience, it is preferable to operate on the upper eyelid alone, rather than attempting to correct upper and lower entropion during the same surgical operation. The dog can then be reassessed a few weeks later to determine whether the lower entropion is anatomical or secondary to the severe blepharospasm resulting from the painful ocular irritation.     

转盘锤磨机的研发及应用

天然标准橡胶加工的锤磨搓揉、除杂是天然橡胶生产中的关键环节。锤磨机广泛应用于大型天然橡胶初加工生产线，其锤磨搓揉、造粒除杂效果是转盘锤磨机的重要指标，直接影响绉片等后序工艺的加工质量。研发的转盘锤磨机提高了胶块搓揉、造粒、除杂效果及改善了生产工艺，同时也提高了产品质量和产量。     

有机-无机复混肥圆盘造粒试验研究

对有机-无机复混肥圆盘造粒进行试验研究，分析了圆盘转速、圆盘倾角、喷头喷孔直径以及水分含量对颗粒成粒率和颗粒抗压强度的影响，确定了有机一无机复混肥圆盘造粒时较适宜的圆盘倾角、圆盘转速和水分含量。     

UASB反应器中厌氧污泥颗粒化的微生物学机理

通过对容积为5升的UASB反应器启动试验,研究了反应器内以葡萄糖为基质污泥颗粒化过程中不同类群细菌的消长规律。依据对颗粒化过程中细菌行为的观察,初步提出了厌氧颗粒污泥形成的机理,讨论了细菌种类对颗粒污泥性能的影响。     

柑橘类果实枯水机理及探制措施的研究进展

综述了柑橘类果实在贮藏过程中枯水机理及控制措施研究现状,并对柑橘果枯水控制技术进行进一步研究.     

温室番茄不同灌水方式试验研究

采用Φ20标准蒸发皿的水面蒸发量为控制灌溉参数,研究不同灌水方式(覆膜滴灌、覆膜沟灌和覆膜小畦田灌)对温室环境和番茄生长和灌溉水利用系数的影响。试验结果表明:在秋冬茬口的日光温室内,与膜下沟灌和传统覆膜畦田灌溉比较,覆膜滴灌一定程度降低了温室湿度,保持了土壤水分一直处于较高的水势范围,使番茄产量和灌溉水利用效率达到最高。另外,采用覆膜滴灌时,灌水周期为3d,蒸发皿系数取1.0时,产量和灌溉水利用效率最高,推荐作为该茬口的灌溉制度技术指标。     

琯溪蜜柚砂囊粒化的无损检测

摘 要：柑橘砂囊粒化是柑果成熟期与采后贮藏期的常见生理性病害,严重影响果实品质。本文采用1.5 T 高场磁共振成像仪对采后贮藏30 d的琯溪蜜柚[Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck]果实进行磁共振扫描检查,并以同层断面解剖图为对照,评估磁共振成像（MRI）应用于柑橘砂囊粒化症无损检测的有效性。结果表明, MRI检测中,T2WI能够显著区分果肉组织与海绵层组织的信号差异,其信号强度可代表果实组织相对含水量;T2WI信号在砂囊粒化部位强度显著降低,病变组织的失水特征清晰,与解剖结果一致。T2WI对砂囊粒化的确诊率100%,显著优于T1WI成像的识别率41.7%（χ2 = 5.76,P = 0.016）;T2WI和T1WI均能显示种籽照影,但T2WI对果肉组织影像的分辨率优于T1WI,因此MRI的T2WI分析可作为一种无损检测方法,对柚商品果实上市前砂囊粒化症发生程度以及种籽有无进行评估。     

湖北三峡库区晚熟脐橙不同海拔果实品质变化及枯水防控技术研究

以湖北三峡库区秭归地区不同海拔伦晚脐橙（Citrus sinensis Osbeck ‘Lane late’ Navel）果实为试验材料,探讨了湖北三峡库区晚熟脐橙果实枯水防控栽培技术,进行了晚熟脐橙种植区域布局研究,结果表明,在湖北三峡库区,江南晚熟脐橙适宜区域化种植在海拔360 m以下,江北在海拔350 m以下。在适宜范围外,随海拔升高,晚熟脐橙果实品质下降,可食率、果汁率降低,酸下降快,化渣性变差,果实枯水加重。其次,探讨了晚熟脐橙果实枯水防控生产技术,冬季套袋试验效果好,果实枯水比率控制在5%以下,显著低于对照果实（枯水率50%）,可有效减轻和防止晚熟脐橙果实枯水,而且套袋果实外观好,品质优。覆膜技术效果其次,果实枯水比率可以控制在20%以下,而且该技术简便、劳动量小且成本较低,可以在生产中应用。