木材干燥导水系数和换水系数的研究

木材(板、方材)的导水系数和换水系数是反映木材干燥或存放过程中水分迁移的重要物性参数。然而,我国对木材导水系数和换水系数的研究和测定工作十分有限。木材干燥有关的理论计算中,常用原苏联的数据。由于这些数据本身可能存在的误差及用于我国树种的可靠程度难以估计,故使理论结果的实际运用受到限制。本文采用等厚试件系数分离法研究和测定了木材干燥过程动态导水系数和换水系数。     

邓恩桉组培中影响继代增殖条件的研究

探讨抗寒树种邓恩桉组培快繁中影响其继代培养的因素。实验表明,继代培养以改良MS为基本培养基,随继代次数的增加逐渐减少细胞分裂素BA和生长素NAA的浓度。最初几次继代,BA的浓度为0.5 mg/L,NAA的浓度为0.2 mg/L。然后BA的浓度逐渐降低到0.1~0.3 mg/L,NAA的浓度逐渐降至0.05~0.1 mg/L,继代5~6次后,BA的浓度保持在0.1~0.3 mg/L,NAA的浓度保持在0.05~0.1 mg/L。继代周期随季节而不同,夏季为15~25 d,春秋季为20~35 d,冬季为40~50 d,芽的月增殖系数为3~5倍,满足工厂化育苗的要求。组培苗的玻璃化和遗传变异等异常现象很少,节间长度适中,有利于生根。     

Radiation Balance Components of Maize Hybrids Grown at Various Plant Densities

Components of the energy and heat balances were examined in two maize hybrids grown at three different plant densities (40, 70 and 100 thousand plants per hectare). One of the hybrids was drought tolerant, while the other was bred for cultivation under irrigated conditions. An increase in plant density influenced not only the size of the leaf area, but also the distribution of the leaves at various plant heights. The extinction coefficient, which provides a quantification of radiation penetration, was higher in the irrigated treatments. By contrast to the other two treatments, the plant canopy in the thinly sown stands remained open throughout the vegetation period, and thus behaved quite differently to the closed stands, making it impossible to compare them. Smaller albedo values were recorded for the hybrid bred for irrigation and in thinly sown stands. The low plant density allowed more energy to reach the soil, from which it was reflected, making a considerable contribution to the final temperature in the stand. The latent heat, in keeping with the quantity of water transpired, was the greatest in the densely sown stands. There was little difference between the latent heat values of the normal and dense stands in either hybrid, indicating that they both had a similar sensitivity to increased stand density. If sufficient water is available it would appear that the stand density could be increased even for the drought-tolerant hybrid.     

可控止回阀水力特性的测试研究

本文运用水流相似原理，对可控止回阀的流阻系数曲线和动水力矩，进行了系统的水力模型试验研究，为该阀的节能效益和技术开发的可行性，提供了必要的科学依据，其流阻系数值为０．１９，优于液控蝶阀。     

试论灰色系统关联度分析法在生物科学研究中应用的合适性

灰色系统关联度分析法的主要研究对象是社会经济等非技术的抽象系统。近年来，在生物科学领域如畜牧、兽医、草原等技术性强和具体系统的科学研究中，发现有应用该法分析其试验数据的论文。经研究核实，应用该法分析生物科学研究的数据，似欠合适。这可能是由于该方法本身有不足处，或由于论文作者误用该法。特提出供读者与学者讨论与研究。     

苏云金素与苏云金杆菌芽孢晶体混剂对小菜蛾的增效作用

将苏云金素和苏云金杆菌的孢晶制剂分别作为单一制剂，用混和饲料感染法在室内测定苏云金素分别与苏云金杆菌ＨＤ－１、ＣＴ－４３、８１－６、ＷＰ－２等４个菌株孢晶制剂的混剂对小菜蛾幼虫的协同作用。按Ｓｕｎ－Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ毒力指数法计算结果表明，苏云金素对所有供试菌的孢晶制剂都有增效作用，共毒系数从１２７．４３至４１５．６２不等。当混剂以芽孢晶体为主要活性组分，苏云金素占全部活性组分的１６．７％情况下增效作     

低压下加肥对迷宫滴头流量及灌水均匀度的影响

针对滴灌中侧翼迷宫式滴灌带的流量、灌水均匀度、肥料堵塞等问题,对4种不同规格的侧翼迷宫滴灌带进行试验,测定在清水和加肥灌水时滴头的流量及灌水均匀度。结果表明:加肥灌水时滴头流量比清水时减少,灌水均匀系数也较清水减小,4种不同结构滴头的灌水均匀度系数减小了5%~9.9%;随着灌水间隔增长,灌水次数增加,由于溶解在水中化学肥料结晶析出造成的堵塞程度逐渐增加;迷宫流道结构不同滴头的化学堵塞程度也不同。     

吡虫啉与三种拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂对马铃薯桃蚜的联合毒力

本文探讨了吡虫啉分别与氰戊菊酯、高效氟氯氰菊酯和联苯菊酯复配对马铃薯桃蚜的防治效果,为合理有效地应用复配剂对其进行化学防治提供依据。应用共毒因子法和共毒系数法分别确定了最佳药剂配伍和最佳复配比例。采用共毒因子法测定结果表明,吡虫啉与氰戊菊酯混配对马铃薯桃蚜防治有明显增效作用。进一步采用共毒系数法测定表明,吡虫啉与氰戊菊酯复配比例为2∶3时,增效作用最显著,共毒系数达276.82;吡虫啉与氰戊菊酯以6∶1复配时,表现出拮抗作用。     

内蒙河套灌区盐碱低产田建立有机质富积层改土培肥效果

通过连续四年在内蒙古河套灌区低产盐碱地定点、定位试验与定时测土分析，明确了土壤耕层增施有机物料建立有机质富积层，能够改善土壤理化性状，尤其是能降低土壤表层含盐量，提高作物保苗率和显著增加作物产出量。