湟源县草地资源基本特点及开发利用

湟源县草地面积有 85 1 85 .1 3hm2 ,占全县土地总面积的 5 6.45 % ,草地资源丰富 ,牧草种类较多 ,农业生产秸秆来源广泛 ,但由于利用不当 ,造成了草地严重破坏和秸秆的浪费 ,如何合理利用草地和秸秆资源 ,扼制草地退化 ,是促进该县畜牧业发展的重要因素     

Mid-storage and pre-sowing seed treatments for lettuce and carrot

Mid-storage hydration-dehydration treatments with medium-vigour lettuce seed very effectively reduced physiological deterioration in storage and ultimately showed better field emergence and final yield. Soaking-drying treatment of high-vigour lettuce seed was not effective. Pre-sowing treatment of medium-vigour lettuce seed, though less effective than mid-storage treatment, gave better field performance, but high-vigour seed did not benefit from the treatment. For carrot, both mid-storage and pre-sowing seed treatments proved beneficial, with the former showing better performance than the latter. Unlike lettuce, well-preserved carrot seed responded positively to the pre-sowing treatment.     

猪场废水的生物处理技术及其效果

规模化养猪场所产生的废水污染，已成我国农村面临污染的重要来源。针对这种污染，近年来出现了多种养猪场废水处理法，其中研究和应用最广的是生物处理法。本文通过对目前国内猪场废水生物处理法的现状分析后认为：用生物处理法处理猪场废水是今后猪场废水处理的发展方向；而生物处理法自身的发展方向是混合处理法；计算机和生物工程技术将进一步与生物处理法相结合运用于猪场废水处理。     

桑苗圃和桑园的化学除草

用氟乐灵和精稳杀得或高效盖草能进行桑苗圃除草，用草甘磷和乙草胺混合进行桑园除草，可有效地防除杂草。     

Study on Site-specific Nutrient Management in Cotton Field

The study on the characteristics of spatial variability of soil nutrients and fertilizer recommendations in cotton field under certain conditions of agricultural management was conducted with GIS and systematic approach for soil nutrient constrains. The results showed that of the spatial variability of soil nutrient was greatly related to the management condition of previous crops. Grid sampling and variable rate application technology (VRAT) were the tools that would hopefully increase fertilizer efficiency. The fertilizers were applied where they were needed and at proper rate. Balance fertilization demonstration showed that fertilizer recommendations according to the available nutrient level in soil could decrease fertilizer cost with 657.4 yuan / ha and increase seed cotton yield by 19.8%. A net profit of the balanced fertilization was 5314.9 yuan / ha higher than that of local fertilization practice.     

The Effect of Detopping the Field Bean Plants (Vicia faba L. minor) and Lack of the Pod Setting on the Symbiosis with Root Nodule Bacteria

The plants of field bean var. Nadwiślaνski were detopped after about 1 month since the beginning of flowering and after that all flower buds were removed from some plants. The effect of a change in the trophic balance on the setting and subsequent growth of root nodules was studied.
The removal of pods had the greater effect on the increase in the weight of the remaining organs than the detopping of plants. Detopping retarded the ageing of the plants and delayed the phase of the greatest reduction of the number of pods. The detopping of plants revealed their considerable compensative possibilities in terms of production of the pod weight and the potential of leaves for biomass production. The data obtained indicate that plant detopping may disturb the root–bacteria exchange of signals, necessary to initiate the nodule development, while the further growth of nodules depends, above all, on the amount of available photosynthates.
A very high correlation between the dry weight of the whole plant to the dry weight of leaves ratio and the weight of nodules was observed. It proves the importance of the trophic balance of the plant for the root nodule weight production.     

乙草胺防除辣椒田杂草的药效试验

50 %乙草胺EC 12 0 0、15 0 0ml/hm2 在辣椒苗移栽前 1d对土壤用药 ,对辣椒安全 ,除草效果在 75 .0 %～ 82 .6 %之间 ;乙草胺对禾本科杂草的防效好于阔叶草     

河北坝上农田垄向对土壤风蚀的影响

在河北省坝上选择试验区 ,利用移动式风洞研究了农田起垄方向对土壤风蚀的影响。结果表明 ,农田起垄方向对土壤风蚀具有影响作用 :垄向与风向成 0°时风蚀量最大 ,90°时风蚀量最小 ;在 15m·s-1风速和 3cm表土含水率为 4 5 %的条件下 ,垄向与风向成 0°时的风蚀量为 90°时的 4 8倍。为减轻土壤风蚀危害 ,在河北坝上地区农田起垄的方向宜采用与自然风向NW (西北风向 ,315°)成 90°,即东北方向 4 5°。     

生化处理对玉米秸颗粒饲料营养价值的影响研究

以玉米秸秆为主要原料，通过添加不同比例的化学处理剂和营养强化剂，调制出5种玉米秸颗粒。对照组由玉米秸添加2％膨润土调制而成；试验组分别为：添加化学处理剂(石灰 尿素，以玉米秸DM计)4 0％(处理Ⅰ)、0 4％(处理Ⅱ)、2 2％(处理Ⅲ)和2 2％(处理Ⅳ)，同时在处理Ⅳ中再添加4％营养强化剂。采用Menke的人工瘤胃产气法评定不同玉米秸处理的体外消化率和营养价值。结果表明，处理Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的粗蛋白质含量明显高于处理Ⅰ和对照；处理Ⅰ、Ⅳ的NDF含量比对照分别降低了7、12％；各处理的ADF含量均比对照组明显降低，并以处理Ⅳ的下降幅度最大，达31．1％。各处理的体外产气量和产气速度均高于对照组，其中以处理Ⅳ的产气速度最快，其快速产气量(a)略高于对照，b的产气速度常数c比对照提高19．3％。相应地，处理Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的估测有机物消化率(OMD)均比对照有明显提高，其中处理Ⅳ的OMD最高，其次为处理Ⅱ，分别比对照(46％)提高19、13％，但处理Ⅰ无明显效应。表明用4％尿素处理可以明显改善玉米秸处理的化学组成和有机物质消化率，其效果优于2％石灰 2％尿素或单纯石灰处理，若将化学处理与营养强化剂结合使用，则可获得更好的处理效果。     

运动磁场具有电场的特性——电磁关系之一(英文)

综合经典电磁学中关于电与磁联系的基本实验定律及理论 ,经推导和分析得出电场与磁场的联系是 :运动磁场具有或表现出电场的特性 ,当一个具有磁感应强度为 B的场 ,以速度 V运动时 ,这个场的电场强度为 :E=B× VB。磁场的时变必然是由于磁场的运动所至 ,而运动的磁场具有电场的性质 ,因此所谓时变磁场产生电场只不过是运动磁场具有电场特性这一自然规律在特定条件下的一种表现。经典电磁学中把磁场分为静磁场和时变磁场是不合理的。因为与静止相应的是运动而不是时变。磁场的时变和磁场的电特性是伴生关系 ,而非因果关系 ,它们都是磁场运动的结果。所以时变磁场产生电场或者 Faraday- L enz定律不是一个普适的自然规律。但在有些条件下 ,运动磁场和其电场特性之间在数量上确实满足 Faraday- L enz定律 ,因此 ,作为一个从实验中总结出的规律 ,并有一定的理论根据 ,它可以在一些领域中作为数学工具用