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1.
Rural depopulation and recent landscape changes in a Mediterranean region: Consequences to the breeding avifauna 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
We studied the vegetational and avifaunistic changes following rural depopulation in an area covering 2,600 ha north of Montpellier
(Southern France). The study area is covered by a mosaic of Mediterranean habitats that includes cultivation, grasslands,
shrublands, and woodlands and is representative of the natural features present and of the human usage practiced so far in
this part of the Mediterranean.
We sampled the vegetation and the bird fauna in the same 193 census plots in 1978 and in 1992. At both the habitat and landscape
scales the cover of woody plants increased significantly. Open habitats tend to disappear. As a consequence the abundance
of open-habitat bird species decreased significantly whereas the abundance of forest birds increased significantly. These
changes favor a pool of forest species widespread in western Europe and reduce habitat availability for open habitat and shrubland
species. Many of the latter are Mediterranean species whose distribution in Western Europe could become reduced under current
landscape dynamics. Our observation of more woodlands and their typical birds and of less open habitats and their associated
avifauna is not consistent with the traditional worry shown by the public and the managers about the regression of forests
and woodlands in the Northern Mediterranean as a consequence of fire. 相似文献
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【目的】探索鱼腥草(Houttuynia cordata Thunb.)中是否存在产槲皮素的内生真菌。【方法】采用组织块法对鱼腥草内生真菌进行分离培养,分离纯化后收集菌丝利用薄层色谱(TLC)和高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测其代谢产物中的槲皮素,并分析其产量。采用形态学和内部转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer,ITS)序列分析鉴定产槲皮素的内生真菌。【结果】从鱼腥草不同部位共分离得到9株内生真菌,其中由根中分离得到的菌株YXC-G1具有产生槲皮素的能力,为笋顶孢属(Acrostalagmus sp.)真菌,菌丝中槲皮素的含量为8.296 mg/g。【结论】从鱼腥草根部分离到1株产槲皮素的内生真菌YXC-G1,其可作为生产槲皮素的备选菌株。 相似文献
4.
虫害松针的次生物质变化及对马尾松毛虫生长发育的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对虫害马尾松针叶内非挥发性次生物质单宁、酚酸含量的测定结果表明:与健康对照相比,虫害马尾松针叶单宁含量有所升高,虫害8 h后含量升至最高,总酚含量一直高于对照.在此基础上,利用虫害马尾松(Pinus massoniana)针叶饲养马尾松毛虫(Dendrolimus punctatus)研究其对马尾松毛虫生长发育的影响.结果表明:马尾松毛虫取食虫害松针后,其幼虫的发育历期延长,取食3量、体重增量及其对松针利用和转化效率明显低于未受害松针.说明单宁、酚酸严重影响马尾松毛虫的生长发育,进而使其种群数量发生明显变化. 相似文献
5.
Shaoyujia Xiao Nan Chen Zixue Chai Mengdie Zhou Chenghaotian Xiao Shiqin Zhao Xiliang Yang 《Marine drugs》2022,20(9)
The marine is a highly complex ecosystem including various microorganisms. Bacillus species is a predominant microbialflora widely distributed in marine ecosystems. This review aims to provide a systematic summary of the newly reported metabolites produced by marine-derived Bacillus species over recent years covering the literature from 2014 to 2021. It describes the structural diversity and biological activities of the reported compounds. Herein, a total of 87 newly reported metabolites are included in this article, among which 49 compounds originated from marine sediments, indicating that marine sediments are majority sources of productive strains of Bacillus species Therefore, marine-derived Bacillus species are a potentially promising source for the discovery of new metabolites. 相似文献
6.
The biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum, from both marine and terrestrial environments, has attracted considerable attention. T. harzianum has a tremendous potential to produce a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs), which are an important source of new herbicides and antibiotics. This review prioritizes the SMs of T. harzianum from 1988 to June 2022, and their relevant biological activities. Marine-derived SMs, especially terpenoids, polyketides, and macrolides compounds, occupy a significant proportion of natural products from T. harzianum, deserving more of our attention. 相似文献
7.
在国际热带木材组织(ITTO)的资助下,广东省林业科学研究院在广东新会和海南通什开展了“旨在提高生态和经济效益的热带地区次生林经营研究与示范”活动。其目的是通过在干扰破坏较严重的次生林中引入具有较好生态和经济效益的优良物种,使林分物种增加,林区居民能从经营中取得非木质产品的经济收益,达到保护和促进次生林的生长发育的目的,实现森林可持续经营的目标。在广东新会热带次生林经营研究与示范区活动中,选择101个引入物种进行试验研究,其中区域缺失和退化的乡土树种68种,占67.3%;外来树种13种,占12.9%;非木质产品物种20种,占19.8%。总结了低质低效次生林经营中物种选择的原则、方法和经营效果。 相似文献
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